Table of Content

06 October 2011, Volume 19 Issue 10

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Screening For Language Disorders in Primary Care Settings

Mark D Simms, MD, MPH JIN Xing-ming

2011, 19(10):  873-875. 

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Correlation between visual-spatial working memory and chinese language cognition of children with developmental dyslexia

LUO Yan, WANG Jing, WU Han-rong

2011, 19(10):  881-883. 

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【Objective】 To explore visual-spatial sketch Pad function in Chinese developmental dyslexic children. To study the correlation between visual-spatial working memory of subjects and language cognition. 【Methods】 Dyslexic children were chosen according to the International Classification of Diseases-10(ICD-10), and control group was matched for gender, age. All subjects were assessed by written vocabulary skills, phonological processing skills and orthographic skills. Visual matrix span task and Corsi span task were used to measure visual-spatial working memory. 【Results】 The scores of dyslexic children on language cognition were significantly lower on the normal readers(P<0.05). The scores of dyslexic children on Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task were significantly lower on the normal readers(P<0.05). There were significant statistically correlation coefficients between the scores of Visual matrix span task scores and Corsi span task and the scores of written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills. There were no significant statistically correlation coefficients with phonological processing skills(P＞0. 05). 【Conclusions】 Children with developmental dyslexia show deficits in visual-spatial working memory ability. There are significant correlations between visual-spatial working memory and their written vocabulary skills and orthographic skills.

Study on characteristics of temperament and behavior of children aged 2 to 3 with developmental disorders of language

XU Ya-qin, GU Xiao-qi, CHI Xia, ZHENG Rong, GUO Xi-rong, TONG Mei-ling

2011, 19(10):  884-886. 

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【Objective】 To study characteristics of temperament and behavior of children aged 2 to 3 with developmental disorders of language, provide reference basis for clinical prevention. 【Methods】 The temperament of children aged 2 to 3 with developmental disorders of language were tested with Carry 12~36-month-old children temperament questionnaire and the behavior problems of children with developmental disorders of language were assessed by the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(2～3), and with 60 cases in comparison with normal children carried on the analysis comparison. 【Results】 1) The difference of the temperament type's distribution of children with developmental disorders of language children compared with the control group was not significant (P＜0.05), but they showed low persistence and high threshold, and both these differences were significant(P＜0.05). 2)Obvious difference among two factors, score of drawing and aggression was significant(P＜0. 05). 【Conclusions】 The temperament and behavior problem of children with developmental disorders of language have special character. In order to decrease the happenings of the behavior problems, educational measures should be adopted according to the characteristics of its qualities.

Study on the effects of bilingual teaching on cognitive development of preschool children

ZHANG Ling, ZHANG Yi-wen, JIN Xing-ming, ZHOU Feng-juan, JIN Zhi-juan, YANG You

2011, 19(10):  887-889. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the effects of bilingual teaching on cognitive development of preschool children. 【Methods】 Three kindergartens in the same official qualification were selected. One was bilingual teaching, and other two were common ones. 120 randomly selected children aged 3 to 6 years were accepted the cognitive test respectively. Each age group had 20 children. 【Results】 With respect to intelligence Quotient, the scores of every item increased by age. There were no significant differences between two groups of the same class level(P＞0.05). The total scores of the oldest age showed significant higher than that of the monolingual group(P＜0.05). There were no significant differences between two group of other grades in other items of language, perception, quantity and memory(P＞0.05). 【Conclusions】 Preschool children in bilingual teaching kindergartens have similar cognitive development as children in general kindergartens. Bilingual education has limited influences on cognitive development in preschool children.

Relationship between visuospatial working memory and mathematical ability of children with mathematical learning disability

WU Zhao-min, HUANG Yan, WANG Qing-xiong, ZHOU Feng, MA Xiao, LIN Mei-juan, LV Yi-ran, HUANG Dan, LIU Yan, ZENG Hui-hui

2011, 19(10):  890-892. 

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【Objective】 To explore the visuospatial working memory capacity in children with mathematical learning disability and the relationship between visuospatial working memory and mathematical skills. 【Methods】 All participants(MLD, n=48, aged 7~12; normal controls, n=48, aged 7~12) screened out by scores of the Chinese Elementary School Students' Mathematical Ability Testing Scale, grades in the final exam, and results of the Combined Ravens standard progressive matrices test(CRT) were conducted visuospatial working memory test with. 【Results】 MLD group scored obviously lower than control group in all factors concerning mathematical skills and visuospatial working memory(P＜0.05). Both the mathematical ability of calculation and logic/visuospatial(r=0.333,P=0.001;r=0.228,P=0.026) were correlated with visuospatial working memory. Figure counting(P=0.036)and block counting(P=0.016) were associated with visuospatial working memory in MLD group, but only multiplication(P=0.043) in control group. 【Conclusion】 Children with MLD are weak in visuospatial working memory and their visuospatial working memory capacity impact on the mathematical ability.

Study on treatment in children of learning disabilities by comprehensive training intervention

ZHANG Kai-feng, XU Xiu, YAN Dong-yong, ZHU Ye, FENG Jing-jing, LIU Jing

2011, 19(10):  893-896. 

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【Objective】 To evaluate the effects of comprehensive training on learning disability(LD) children by visual-auditory cognitive training and sensory intergrative training. 【Methods】 59 cases of LD children had accepted systemic visual-auditory cognitive training and sensory intergrative training. Conners Rating scale and visual-auditory cognitive evaluation and REP were used to evaluate the effects before and after treatment. 40 cases of control group had accepted visual-auditory cognitive evaluation and REP test before and after 3 months. 【Results】 The scores of recite number were significantly increased and error rate of visual distinguish were significantly decreased after treatment in LD children. Parent's Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ) in LD children were significantly decreased after treatment. The latency(ms) of P2、N2、P3 were significantly shorter after intervention in LD children. The scores of visual-auditory cognitive evaluation and the latency of REP had no significant statistical difference between before and after 3 months in control group. 【Conclusion】 comprehensive training could improve some cognitive abilities of LD children effectively.

Research of family environmental factors in anxiety disorder children

SHEN Ling, LUO Xue-rong, WEI Zhen, GUAN Bing-qing, YUAN Xiu-hong, NING Zhi-jun, DING Jun, YANG Wei

2011, 19(10):  897-899. 

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【Objective】 To explore the relationship between parental rearing style, family cohesion and adaptability and children with anxiety disorders, providing the reference for the prevention and treatment of children anxiety disorder. 【Methods】 With stratified random sampling method, a sampling survey was made, then using the two stage epidemiologic research method, two groups,including control group 113 cases, pure anxiety disorder group 110 cases were determined as the subjects. All the subjects who was over grade 3(grade 3 included) completed family adaptability and cohesion scale(FACES II-CV) and egma minnen av bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU). At last recycled FACES II-CV scale 187, EMBU scale 197. 【Results】 1)Compared to the control group, anxiety disorder scored higher in "father punishment, father refused, father over-protective, mother refused" with (P<0.05 or 0.01). 2)There was not any difference between the two groups in family adaptability and cohesion scale . 【Conclusions】 Parental rearing style have an impact on children anxiety disorder, but do not find family adaptability and cohesion have any impact on children anxiety disorders.

Correlation of childhood abuse and neglect of rural area juvenile and their resilience

LIU Shan-shan, CAO Feng-lin, LI Yu-li

2011, 19(10):  900-902. 

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【Objective】 To explore the correlation of childhood abuse and neglect of rural area juvenile and their resilience. 【Method】 Self-rated questionnaires including Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(CTQ) and Resilience Scale(RS) were given to 797 juvenile of seven rural places in Shandong province. 【Result】 The childhood abuse and neglect scores was (36.20±9.18) and resilience scores was (129.68±26.39) in average; The score of RS and its two factors between the higher childhood abuse and neglect group and lower childhood abuse and neglect group were significantly different(P＜0.01); Significant negative correlations were found between score of RS including its two factors and that of CTQ including its five factors(P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 The childhood abuse and neglect juvenile have ever experienced will do negative effect to their psychological resilience.

Compare of pathogenesis related factors for autism spectrum disorders and developmental language disorders

QU Jia-zhi,YANG Su-fei, WU Kang-min

2011, 19(10):  903-905. 

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【Objective】 To study the differences between autism spectrum disorders(ASD) and developmental language disorders(DLD) in pathogenesis related factors(risk factors and clinical manifestations). 【Methods】 This retrospective study compared risk factors and clinical manifestations of 39 toddlers(aged 2-5y) with ASD and 46 toddlers with DLD using detailed questionnaires containing 16 items, then analysed data by t test, chi-square test, rank test . 【Results】 Children with ASD had prominent impairments in socialization language, especially, in the age calling mother(or other caregivers) consciously(P<0.05). While there were no differences in other factors(including: premature birth, birthrank, birth mode, asphyxia, birth weight, birth injury, head injury, convulsion, major illnesses, caregivers,parents reproductive age, family history)(P>0.05). Children with ASD were often observed and sent to doctors because of language delay(78.28%), social problems(78.28%), behavioral problems(36.57%) . And the mean age of first diagnosis was 39 months. 【Conclusions】 Children with ASD have prominent impairments in socialization language, more sever than children with DLD. The language delay and social problems are more likely to be observed by caregivers of children with ASD. The first diagnosis of children with ASD is often delayed .

Differentiation of event-related potentials for cognitive function in different subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

LIN Mo-ju, CHEN Chen, LI Hong-hui, QIAO Gui-xiang, QUAN Yan

2011, 19(10):  906-908. 

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【Objective】 To explore the diagnostic significance of P300 event related potential detect for brain cognitive dysfunction in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. 【Methods】 The ADHD clinical subtypes, including predominantly inattention (PI), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive(HI) and combined type(CT), were classified according to the Fourth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder(DSM-IV) criteria. Sixty unmedicated ADHD children( ADHD-CT, n=20; ADHD-PI, n=20; ADHD-HI, n=20) with age range of 7~13 years were involved in the study, and 20 normal children match by age and gender were recruited as control. All participants were taken the P300 test with the 64-channel event related potential(ERP) and Net station 4.2, then contrast analysis of the latency, amplitude of P300 were made between the four groups. 【Results】 1)The latencies of P300 at forehead zone(Fz), central zone(Cz), left Cz(C3), right Cz(C4) and parietal zone(Pz) in ADHD groups were significantly longer than those in control group(P<0.05). 2)The amplitudes of P300 at Fz, Cz, C3, C4, Pz in ADHD groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). 3)There was no difference between the three subtype groups(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 ADHD has significantly impaired in brain cognitive function, but there is no difference between the three subtype groups.

Effects of low-fat diet on cognitive and emotional activities in juvenile rats

WANG Xing-hui, CHEN Li, WEI Tao, GONG Rui-zhi

2011, 19(10):  909-911. 

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【Objective】 To observe the effects of low-fat diet on cognitive and emotional activities in juvenile rats. 【Method】 Low-fat diet was performed on SD rats, 14 days. continuously 4 weeks, Morris water maze, Elevated plus maze and Forced swim test were used to examined the capability of cognition, anxiety and depression. 【Results】 In low-fat diet group, the mean escape latency periods of four quadrants in Morris water maze test were (79.8±8.4) s, (80.1±7.7) s, (64.2±6.2) s, (59.8±6.0) s, respectively, which were longer obviously compared with the normal-fat diet rats (54.2±6.7) s, (55.6±5.8) s, (42.6±6.8) s, (41.7±5.8) s, (P<0.01); the rats with low-fat diet showed decreasing event on times crossing the target (1.7±0.5) than the normal-fat diet rats (3.2±0.8, P<0.01); In Force swim text, the latencies period of floating of low-fat diet rats(133.8±9.4) s, was shorter than that of normal-diet rats [(172.8±10.2) s,P<0.05)], and the duration of floating (418.2±13.8 s) was different apparently compared with the normal-diet rats(P<0.05) while normal-diet rats was (304.5±12.4)s. 【Conclusion】 Low-fat diet diminishes the capability of learning and memory of juvenile rats, and it may induce a certain depression symptom.

Characteristics of intelligence structural in children with Asperger syndrome

WANG Hui, JING Jin

2011, 19(10):  927-929. 

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【Objective】 To study the intelligence structure and cognitive features of children with Asperger syndrome, in order to offer reference and evidence for diagnosis and relative research. 【Methods】 26 children with AS were evaluated by WISC-IV, and then composite and subtest scores were analyzed. 【Results】 The FSIQ of AS group was in the normal range, with PRI in the highest and PSI in the lowest score. Among the ten core subsets, Similarities ranked the first and Digit Span ranked the lowest. 【Conclusions】 AS Children have the normal general ability, but have deficit in the cognitive proficiency; mainly reflect in cognitive shifting, working memory and short-term memory.

Psychiatric comorbidity of school-age children with Asperger syndrome: a preliminary and clinic-based study

CEN Chao-qun, TANG Chun, ZOU Xiao-bing, LI Jian-ying, DENG Hong-zhu

2011, 19(10):  929-932. 

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【Objective】 To study the pattern of psychiatric comorbidity in school-age children with Asperger syndrome which may provide evidence for making a comprehensive intervention plans for them. 【Methods】 A follow-up study of a clinic sample of 117 school-age children with Asperger syndrome was conducted a retrospective review to examine the psychiatric disorders associated with them. 【Results】 More than half (59.8%)had at least one another psychiatric disorder diagnosis in which attention deficit hyperactivity disorder was the most common which accounted for 87.1%, and 22.9% of the comorbid psychiatric disorders were multiple. There were significant differences in VIQ,FIQ but not in PIQ between children with and without psychiatric comorbidity. No statistically significant difference was found with respect to gender whether the psychiatric comorbidity was diagnosed. 【Conclusion】 Psychiatric comorbidity in Asperger syndrome is very common, routine evaluation of psychiatric comorbidity in children with AS is necessary so that they can get appropriate treatments.

Using Z scores to assess the growth and nutritional status of under five years old children in Hebei Province

SHANG Yu, LI Jin-hua, YAN Cheng-sheng, LIU Jing, LI Xiao-ping, HUO Xiang-jie, ZHANG Li-ping, JIANG Yan

2011, 19(10):  933-935. 

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【Objective】 To evaluate under five years old children′s physical growth and nutritional status by using Z score. 【Method】 Using stratified random sampling method 1 5930 children were measured height and weight and WHO Anthroplus 2007 was used to calculate Z score in 24 counties and 3 cities. 【Results】 The overall prevalence of stunting (HAZ<2), underweight (WAZ<2) and wasting (WHZ<2) were 11.41%(1 818/15 930), 7.06%(1 125/15 930) and 2.58%(411/15 930) respectively. They were higher in rural areas than urban. The prevalence of stunting in rural areas was 3.2 times than urban.The Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ were 0.96±1.08, 0.51±1.32 and 0.08±1.68 respectively. In urban they were 0.18±1.37, 0.19±1.12 and 0.52±1.11 respectively and in rural areas they were 1.23±1.40,0.63±1.21 and 0.12±1.24 respectively. It showed a tendency that Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ declined with increasing age. 【Conclusions】 Compare to WHO criteria, physical growth level of under five years old children in Hebei province is lower and have significant difference between urban and rural areas. In rural areas, the total nutrition of children is not enough.

Study on parental rearing pattern and self-concepts in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

CHEN Min-rong, XUE Zhang

2011, 19(10):  935-938. 

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【Objective】 To access parental rearing pattern and self-concepts in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) 【Method】 Parental rearing pattern and self-concepts scale were measured in 41 children with ADHD(experimental group) and 40 healthy children(control group). 【Results】 Compared with control group, parental emotional warmth and understanding in experimental group were significantly reduced (P<0.05). While maternal punishment and sternness and paternal rejection and denial in experimental group were significantly enlarged (P<0.05). The experimental group were remarkably lower than control group in behavior, intelligence and school, physical appearance, sociability, happiness and satisfaction(P<0.01).The levels of self-concepts were correlated with some factors of parental rearing patterns. 【Conclusions】 Children with ADHD are influenced by inferior parental rearing patterns and get lower score in self-concept scale.

Case-control study of autistic children's temperament

JIANG Rui-fen, LIU Wen-long,ZHAO Xu

2011, 19(10):  938-940. 

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【Objective】 To study the temperament characteristics of autistic children. 【Methods】 1∶2 case-control study was adopted. 40 autistic children and 80 normal children aged from 3 to 7 were selected and assessed with Behavioral Style Questionnaire (BSQ), Self-revised questionnaire of family and environment factors and Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC) scale. 【Results】 The adaptability, reaction intensity, persistence, response threshold scores of the autistic children's temperament dimensions were significantly different from normal children(P <0.05); Autistic children group's verbal communication, social skills, cognitive awareness were correlated with the temperament dimensions (P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 Temperament dimensions of autistic children are different from the normal children; The disorder of social skills, communication and cognition of autistic children influenced by the development of their temperament dimensions themselves.

Study on temperament of 2 790 children aged 3 to 7 in Qiaokou district of Wuhan and the intervention strategies

QI Xiao-tian, LI Liang-jun

2011, 19(10):  940-943. 

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【Objective】 To understand the characteristics of the preschool children's temperament distribution in Wuhan Qiaokou and provide scientific basis for the basic-level Maternity and Child Care to guide the family support and the emotional intervention. 【Method】 2 790 children aged from 3 to 7 were extracted from 12 nurseries of different types, using the New York Longitudinal Study (NYLS) standardized Chinese version of the Parent Temperament Questionnaire of the children aged from 3 to 7 to survey. 【Results】 The distribution of the temperament type of the children aged from 3 to 7 in Qiaokou was consistent with the domestic and international reports, the difficult-to-raise type was 11.3%, the start-slow type was 6.2%, the easy-to-raise type was 31.9%, the a little difficult-to-raise type was 6.9%, and the comparatively easily to raise type was 43.7%.There were significant differences in the distribution of different ages. In the activity level, adaptability, persistence, rhythm, intensity of reaction, the reaction threshold, the score of the boys and girls were significantly different. With the age getting older, the boys went down and tended stable in the activity level, persistence, rhythm, avoidance, attention, and the reaction threshold. The girls went down and tended stable in the activity level, avoidance, and the attention. Compared with the 1998 national normal and 2002 Wuhan's sample, the proportion of difficult-to-support type was significantly higher in our investigation. 【Conclusion】 According to the children temperament, to adopt different strategy to raise and educate, and make the appropriate emotional control measures will promote the development of children's mental healthy.

Diagnostic value of video electroencephalography in children with nonepileptic seizures

LI Jing, HUANG Shao-ping, YANG Lin, ZHOU Jian-ping, GUO Ya-le, LI Dan, HE Juan, WANG Ming

2011, 19(10):  943-945. 

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【Objective】 To explore the diagnostic value of video electroencephalography (VEEG) in children with non-epileptic seizure. 【Methods】 From Sep. 2009 to Feb. 2011, 280 children suspected to have or need to weep out the possibility of epilepsy were examined with VEEG. Then the confirmed diagnosis of non-epileptic seizures (NES) would be made by VEEG, clinical symptoms, physical signs, ECG, CT of the skull, and blood examination (such as blood sugar, blood ammonia, myocardial enzyme). Then the diagnostic value of VEEG in children were evaluated with non-epileptic seizure. 【Results】 75 children were diagnosed as NES. 13 (17.3% ) NES children were associated with psychogenic disorders, including 6 hysteria sample attacks (8.0%), 5 emotional disturbance (6.7%),and 2 breath-holding spells(2.6%). 62(82.7%) NES children were associated with somatoform disorders, including 16 non-epileptic tonic seizures (21.3%), 11 sleep disorders (14.7%), 10 benign myoclonus (13.3%), 7 headache ( 9.3%), 6 tourette syndrome (8.0%), 4 benign convulsion associated with gastroenteritis (5.3%), 4 dizziness (5.3%), 3 benign myoclonus of early infancy (4.0%), and 1 abnormal posture related to cerebral palsy(1.3%). 【Conclusion】 VEEG has important clinical significance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NSE.

Study on factors affecting medication compliance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

WANG Yu, ZHANG Feng-ling, CHEN Jia-ying

2011, 19(10):  946-948. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the factors affecting medication compliance in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). 【Method】 From September 2009 to February 2010,a total of 642 children with ADHD were selected, and factors affecting medication compliance were assessed with a self-administered questionnaire. 【Results】 Good compliance in medication compliance was 39.8%. The factors affecting medication complience were significant following as: parent training(OR=0.076,P<0.01), concerning about drug side effect(OR=0.126,P<0.01), family incomings(OR=0.149,P<0.05), frequency of dosing(OR=0.201,P<0.05), ways of paying medieal treatment(OR=0.262,P<0.05) and the type of the diseases(OR=4.000,P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The results indicate both the training to improve parents' knowledge about ADHD and the investigation on the model of community service about ADHD will elevate the rate of children received medication.

Influence of the outcome of autistic children with began training age and the training time of duration

ZHAO Dong-mei,YANG Liang-zheng,ZHANG Jun-hua,ZUO Xiu-fang

2011, 19(10):  951-953. 

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【Objective】 To understand the influence of autistic children turned over with autism children start training and the training time of duration. 【Method】 194 cases of the training system autistic interview with began training age, training time of durationg and development. 【Result】 Began training before 2 years old and the training time of duration more than 6 months of autistic attending ordinary schools and kindergartens was significantly higher than the proportion of start training after 4 years old and congtinuous training less than six months(χ²=11.33 and 6.14,P＜0.01). 【Conclusion】 Early, long time system training can be effectively improve the outcome autistic children.

Study on the establishment of neonatal emergency transport system in the secondary NICU in central region

WU Jun-chao, HU Ao-rong, LIU Jun-min, LI Yu-ping, LIU Yong-bing, HUANG Jing, WANG Fang-bao, DENG Yun

2011, 19(10):  955-958. 

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【Objective】 Study on the effection of neonatal emergency transport system in the secondary NICU. 【Method】 The information of the critical newborn infants by active transport from May 2005 to April 2010 and the same period infants by passive reception were collected and anlyzed the NETS effect. 【Results】 The number of infants by active transport was increasing every year and by passive reception was decreasing; the disability rate of newborn infants through active transport was lower than passive transport and the disease prognosis was better than passive reception. 【Conclusion】 To establish the secondary NICU in central region is very important to ensure the successful transport and decrease the neonatal mortality and neurological morbidity.

Study of community-based intervention on early education intelligence development in 0～6 months old infants

HE Hong,GUO Li,CHEN Hui,ZENG Fang-fang,SHI Ying-ying,CHEN Ya-ying,JIANG Ming

2011, 19(10):  960-962. 

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【Objective】 Community as a link, to construct community intervention model for infant intelligence development. 【Methods】 422 newborns, selected from November 2009 to March 2010, were divided into intervention group (202) and control group (220).Both were given basic health services. In addition, the intervention group were given comprehensive intervention program. Intervention period lasted 6-month, physical and intellectual development compared before and after intervention. 【Results】 There were significant differences in physical development between the two groups,and the intervention group was superior to the control group(hight P=0.01;weight P=0.04); developmental quotient in the intervention group was significantly higher (P=0.000), in which differences in fine motor and cognitive between the two groups was statistically significant. 【Conclusion】 Early community-based intervention can promote physical and intellectual development of infant.

Analysis of related factors and education strategy of drinking behavior among adolescents

CAI Er-hui, YE Dan-yan, CAI Shao-xian, WANG De-quan, CHEN Wei-ying, LI Ke

2011, 19(10):  963-965. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the related factors of drinking behavior on adolescence and the educational strategy. 【Methods】 A questionnaire survey of alcohol-drinking behavior and its related issues was carried on among 2 845 junior and senior middle school students in Guangzhou. Related factors of alcohol drinking were assessed by using chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of drinking in the senior middle school students was significantly higher than that in the junior middle school students (χ²=19.69,P<0.01). Prevalence rate of male students in drinking was significantly higher than that of female students (χ²=46.26,P<0.01). Using scold as a way to educate, loneliness, cutting class, staying out late, and alcohol use of parents were risk factors towards drinking behaviors(OR>1),while communication with parents, excellent scores in learning, being opposed to drinking by parents, considering alcohol addiction may lead to diseases were beneficial to reduce drinking behavior in adolescents(OR<1). 【Conclusions】 All positive factors should be considered sufficiently and put into effect. Education on drinking and healthy lifestyle should be strengthened to eliminate or reduce alcohol consumption in junior and senior middle school students.

Application of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale in infant health care

LIN Wen-yu,DU Wen-liang,FENG Tai-shan,Reyilamu·YUSHANJIANG

2011, 19(10):  966-968. 

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【Objective】 To examine the application value of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) in screening motor development lag behind of infant. 【Method】 458 ordinary babies and 160 high-risk examples were developed by Alberta movement according to the ferret out for a month with a percent age. 【Result】 Risk of developing a common sport lagged behind groups, the risk factors of smothering, preterm birth, serious jaundice were major factors influencing. 【Conclusion】 Alberta is the exercise to evaluate the motion by the observer which can be used and promoted for infants and toddlers in sports development screening, assessment and therapy.