Table of Content

06 May 2011, Volume 19 Issue 5

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Comorbidities in children with spastic cerebral palsy and their relationship to neurologic subtype and GMFCS level

ZHU Mo, SHI Wei, YANG Hong, WU Yi

2011, 19(5):  400-402. 

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【Objective】 To evaluate the burden of comorbidities in a sample of children with spastic cerebral palsy and stratified according to both neurologic subtype and functional capability with respect to gross motor skills. 【Methods】 Scpchild registry and systematic management database was utilized to identify children over 4-year-old with Spastic cerebral palsy from Feb 2008 to Sep 2010. 172 children (male 109 ,female 63) were involved. The average age was 8.0 years old. Information on neurologic subtype classified according to the qualitative nature and topographic distribution of the motor impairment on neurologic examination, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) categorization of motor skills, and the presence of certain comorbidities(epilepsy, visual impairment, hearing impairment and speech disorder) was obtained. 【Results】 The incidence of epilepsy was higher in children with hemiplegia or quadriplegia than those with diplegia. The incidence of visual impairment was higher in children with diplegia and quadriplegia than those with hemiplegia. The incidence of single speech disorder or multiple comorbidities was higher in children with quadriplegia. The frequency of multiple comorbidities was higher in children at GMFCS level IV～V than those at level I~III. 【Conclusions】 The frequency of comorbidities in children with spastic cerebral palsy is correlated with the neurologic subtype and the gross motor function level. The incidence of multiple comorbidities is higher in children with more severe functional impairment.

Significance of prechtl's qualitative general movements assessment (GMs) and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in predicting of cerebral palsy

GONG Chun-dan, YANG Hong, SHI Wei, WANG Yi, SHAO Xiao-mei, Christa Einspieler, WANG Wei-ping

2011, 19(5):  403-405. 

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【Objective】 Investigate the applying value of prechtl's qualitative general movements assessment(GMs) and brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP) in predicting of cerebral palsy. 【Methods】 According to the inclusion and exclusion criterias, infants who took part in our follow-up clinic after discharged from our neonatal intensive care unit were confirmed as the participants. Each infant had GMs and BAEP examination. The follow up lasted for at least one year to identify neurological outcome. The diagnosis of cerebral palsy was made according to the international cerebral palsy diagnostic definition published in 2005. Use SPSS 13.0 to analysis two examination's positive predictive values, negative predictive values, specificity and sensitivity. 【Results】 Twenty-seven high risk infants were followed up, eight of them were diagnosed as cerebral palsy. The predictive validity of GMs was as following: sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 84.2%, positive predictive value 70.0% and negative predictive value 94.1%. The predictive validity of BAEP was as following: sensitivity75.0%, specificity36.8%, positive predictive value 33.3% and negative predictive value 77.7%. The abnormalities of BAEP mainly were elevating of auditory threshold and prolonged latency. 【Conclusions】 GMs assessment can be used in high risk infants within 4 to 5 months to give a reliable and valid prediction for later neurological outcome, especially for cerebral palsy. Comprehensive application of GMs and BAEP can relatively overall impression of infants' function status.

Clinical study of cerebral palsy in 258 preterm infants

HOU Mei, SUN Dian-rong, SHAN Ruo-bing, SUI Xiao-feng, WANG Ke

2011, 19(5):  406-408. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the related risk factors、clinical types distributions、the level of movement disorder and neuroimaging characters、the comorbiditie in preterm infants with cerebral palsy (CP). 【Methods】 A clinical study of cross section based on Qingdao special hospital. The preterm children with cerebral palsy hospitalized in rehabilitation center from January 2006 to June 2010 were studied. Perinatal data were collected by the researchers using the questionnaire and meeting with children's mother; Gross Motor Function Classification System(GMFCS) was adopted to evaluate the levels of movement disorder;every children accepted the intelligence test, eye examination and speech evaluation. And the children who were suspected with auditory disorders had brain stem auditory evoked potential examination. 【Results】 Among the 258 cases, 199 cases with spastic type CP.The levels of GMFCS of spastic diplegia and hemiplegia were better than the dyskinetic、spastic tetraplegia and the mixed type(F=4.362,P<0.01).The distributions of comorbidites were different between the different types of cerebral palsy and the levels of GMFCS.170 cases(65.89%) with cerebral palsy had periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) which could be seen in all types of CP but more frequently in the spastic diplegia and tetraplegia.These can benefit the early screening and early diagnose of CP of premature and also help the localization and qualitation of the comorbidities. 【Conclusions】 CP together with associated disorders become the focus of premature infants.It is important to recognize the clinical aspects, neuroimaging features and the comorbidities of them for etiological research and general rehabilitation administration.

Influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children in Guangzhou urban district

LIN Rong, DU Lin, LIU Wei-jia, LIN Lin, WU Jia-gang, LIU Wei, ZHANG Wei-wei, JING Jin

2011, 19(5):  409-411. 

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【Objective】 To explore influencing factors of overweight and obesity among childhood in Guangzhou urban district and to provide useful reference for prevention. 【Method】 Across-sectional survey was carried out among 1844 children and their parents by self-administered questionnaire during 2009. 【Results】 The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 11.12% and 7.21%. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity of boys was higher than girls(χ²=9.849,P<0.05).The birth weights, father BMI and mother BMI of overweight and obesity children were higher than those of control group (t=3.746, 4.610, 4.237, all P<0.001). And the time of having a meal was shorter (t=5.519, P<0.001)than control group. Sex, obesity of parents, the time of having a meal, eating in half an hour before going to bed, whether agree with the opinions "Little physical activity causes obesity" and "Drinking milk everyday was a good habit" were influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children. 【Conclusions】 The results indicate that overweight and obesity among children are quiet common in our city. Overweight and obesity of children are caused by multiple factors, so comprehensive intervention measures should be carried out.

Prevalence of adversity and its relationship with psychosocial problems and strengths among rural adloscents

CUI Nai-xue, CAO Feng-lin, LI Yu-li

2011, 19(5):  412-414. 

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【Objective】 To explore the prevalence of adversity and its relationship with psychosocial problems and strengths among rural adolescents. 【Methods】 954 rural adolescents were selected from 6 cities of Shandong province and asked to complete the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), self-administered Adolescent Adversity Questionnaire and self-ministered questionnaire for genenral information. 【Results】 The prevalence of adversity among rural adolescents was 93.50%. Three kinds of adversity, exam anxiety, parents substance abusing and witness of traffic accidents, were highly reported. The prevalence of adversity among boys was higher than that of girls (P＜0.01), and adolescents aged 16～18 years old were more possiple to suffer commulative adversity (P＜0.01). The SDQ scores of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity-inattention and total difficulties in commulative adverstiy group were higher than the scores in groups with none and single adversity (P＜0.01), which were significantly correlated with the number of adversities, which was significantly negative correlated with prosocial behavior(r=0.13~0.23,P<0.01) 【Conclusions】 The prevalence of adversity of rural adolescents is high. Statistic associations are found between the number of adversity and adolesents' psychosocial problems, which means the more advesity sufferred, the more serious difficulties the adolescents may have.

Study of mismatch negativity in newborn infants

GAO Yan, HONG Qi, LUO Xiao-xing, XU Hui-lian, YAO Xiao-fang, JIN Yan, JIANG Tao-tao, ZHUO Xiu-hui, LU Guang-jin

2011, 19(5):  415-418. 

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【Objective】 To explore the mismatch negativity(MMN) of healthy newborn infants. 【Methods】 Auditory event-related potentials of 56 neonates ages ranged from 2 to 3 days were elicited with the oddball paradigm. Stimuli consisted of 1 000 Hz tones with 80% probability as standard and 2 000 Hz with 20% probability as deviant. 【Results】 MMN were obtained from 35 infants of all subjects. The distribution of MMN was mainly in the frontal area. The latencies at F3, F4 and Fz were (234±50), (248±51) and (239±45) ms. There was no significant difference between the right and left hemisphere in the mean amplitude of 150 to 450 ms time-window. 【Conclusion】 MMN can be elicited in healthy newborn infants.

Analysis on comprehensive intervention on behavioral abnormality of 81 autistic children

WANG Si-mei, GONG Qun, ZHANG Gai-qiao, ZHANG Feng-ling, CHEN Sun-min, HE Lin, LIU Feng, CUI Rui-hua

2011, 19(5):  419-422. 

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【Objective】 For further information on the clinical effect of comprehensive intervention on behavioral abnormality of autistic children and provide some help for clinical intervention. 【Methods】 According to the case-control method, 81 cases autistic children were divided into experimental group and control one randomly. On the base of the multimodality treatment, add the auditory integrative training(AIT)to experimental group. After six months of intervention, comparation of the changes of patients clinical manifestation of behavioral abnormality between two groups. 【Results】 Comprehensive intervention had both improved on behavioral abnormality of two groups, such as sensitivity of certain information, peculiar way of playing, disliking learning, be lax in attention, avoiding contacting with eyes, lacking imitational actions and so on. Compared with control group, the experimental one to make better in peculiar way of playing, lacking imitational actions and lacking games with imagination and the differences between two groups had significant in statistics(P＜0.05). 【Conclusions】 Comprehensive intervention could improved on autistic baby's partial abnormal behaviors and effects are positive.

Survey on maternal self-reported alcohol use and childhood behavior associated with prenatal alcohol exposure

GAO Hong, ZHAO Shan, WANG Ya-li, ZHU Ming-yu, LI Jing-jing, SHEN Wei-li, XIE Dong

2011, 19(5):  423-425. 

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【Objective】 To study the prevalence and characteristics of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy in a city of Jiangxi province, and to evaluate the prenatal alcohol exposure for adverse child behavior outcomes. 【Methods】 A questionnaire survey was conducted among 444 women. Frequency, quantities and types of alcohol consumed during pregnancy were identified. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL) was used to assess child behavior. 【Results】 Among the surveyed women, 46.8% reported alcohol consumption at conception. The absolute alcohol consumed each time among the majority of women who reported alcohol exposure during pregnancy was less than 5 gram, and the frequency of maternal alcohol drinking was almost lower than 1~2 times per week. Children with any prenatal alcohol exposure were more likely to have higher CBCL scores on Externalizing and Internalizing syndrome scales and the Total Problem Score. 【Conclusion】 Although alcohol consumption during pregnancy of Chinese women in our survey is relatively light compared to that of western women, maternal alcohol consumption even at low levels was adversely related to child behavior.

Study on the delay aversion in childreh with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

YANG Bin-rang, CHEN Chu-qiao, LI Jian-ying, PENG Gang, ZHANG Ling-ling

2011, 19(5):  426-429. 

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【Objective】 To determine the characteristics in motivational domain of delay aversion in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). 【Methods】 One hundred children with ADHD and 100 healthy controls matched in age, gender, grade, handedness were measured with neuropsychological tests concerning the domain of delay aversion(i.e, choice delay tasks). The performance was compared using multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA) and MACOVA with FIQ controlled for between two groups. 【Results】 The omnibus MANOVA of the primary neuropsychological variables revealed a large group effect with P=0.009. The ANOVAs of each test showed that children with ADHD preferred choosing one-point circle with 2-second delayed reward to two-point circle with 30-second delayed reward(P=0.013) than healthy controls and the reaction time was longer(P=0.027)in choice delay task 1. The results remainded unchanged arter controlling for FIQ. The results indicated that children with ADHD had a behavioural tendency of greater preference for smaller-immediate over larger-delayed rewards. There were no significant difference between ADHD group and healthy controls in CDT2. 【Conclusions】 There are significant delay aversion in children with ADHD. Delay aversin may be a causal mechanism associated with ADHD.

Research on temperament and the related influencing factors of temperament of twelve-month-old children in Kunshan region

SUN Wei, LV Guan-ming, ZHOU Chun-qin, LUO Xiao-ming, YAN Ju-hua, YANG Guo-qiang

2011, 19(5):  430-432. 

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【Objective】 To research the distribution features and related influencing factors of 12 months old children's temperament types in Kunshan region, provide evidence for early behavior intervention. 【Method】 Investigated 738 children aged 12 months by the Chinese Toddler Temperament Scale(CTTS) from routine health examination in Maternal and Child Health Bureau of Kunshan, and self-made questionnaire for the related factors of temperament was applied to survey the related factors. 【Results】 The constituent ratio of children's temperament types were Easy(5.69%), Intermediate-low(56.10%), Slow-to-warm-up(1.90%), intermediate-difficult(31.44%), difficult(4.88%). There was not significant difference in sex of temperament types. There was significant difference in activity level of temperament dimensions between boys and girls. There was significant difference in activity level, rhythmicity, taxis, adaptability, emotion essence, persistence, attention span and response threshold of temperament dimensions between the study and national norm. Mother's bearing age, education level, the time of watching TV during pregnancy, guardian, guardian's attitude, education level and character etc. factors influence children's temperament dimensions. The higher proportion of Easy were guardian with high degree, family with relative low month-earning. The higher proportion of Intermediate-low were father with high degree, without smoke or alcohol addiction and guardian with strictly attitude. The higher proportion of intermediate-difficult were low mother's bearing age, higher gestational age, cadres mother and artificial feeding. The higher proportion of difficult were higher mother's bearing age, mother often fear, low sleep and complications during pregnancy. The higher proportion of Slow-to-warm-up was father with smoke and alcohol addiction. 【Conclusions】 Most children in Kunshan temperament types are Easy and Intermediate-low. There is difference in active level between boys and girls. There is significant difference in part of temperament dimensions between study and national norm. Many synthetically factors affect the temperament of Kunshan children.

The study of influnce of hypothermia to the expression of P16 and Bcl-2 levels in different brain tissues of the rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage

GUO Ya-le, LI Zhan-kui, LI Rui-lin, HUANG Shao-ping, ZHOU Jian-ping

2011, 19(5):  433-436. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the protective effects of hypothermia to the grey matter and the periventricular white matter of the brains of the neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD). 【Methods】 The 7d neonatal rats got the HIBD model. Hypothermias of 31 ℃, 34 ℃ were given to them for 3 h immediately after the operation. The degrees of grey of apoptosis, p16, bcl-2 of the cerebral cortex, the hippocampi tissue and the periventricular white matter in the brains of rats was used to observe when 24, 72, 168 h after the operation. 【Results】 1)The degrees of grey of p16: It was higher in the HIBD group than that in the pseuoperation group, the peak was at 24 hours after HI, it was deduced in 31 ℃ group, it was not deduced in 34 ℃group,but the peak was delated . 2) The degrees of grey of apoptosis: It was the same as that of p16. 3) The degrees of grey of bcl-2: It was the same as that of p16,it were deduced 24, 72 hours after HI in the 34 ℃ hypothermia group . 4) Correlation: there were the correlation ships (P<0.01) between either two of the degrees of the greys of p16, apoptosis, bcl-2 in all the brain tissues. 【Conclusions】 Hypothermia intervention could obviously deduce the express of p16, bcl-2, deduce apoptosis or delate their peaks of neonatal rats, brains with HIBD, so protected their grey matter tissue and the white matter tissue.

Analysis of 1 252 toddler social-emotional development situation in Shenzhen

LIU Guo-yan

2011, 19(5):  454-457. 

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【Objective】 To learn the situation of 1~3 years old toddlers' social-emotional development and analysis the influencing factors. 【Method】 The number of 1 252 toddlers' mother was investigated by using socio demographic questionnaire and Chinese Evaluation of Social-emotion of infants(CITSEA measure table) with method of random sampling. 【Results】 1)In the number of 1 252 toddlers, the abnormal detectable rate of the four dimensions, include externalizing, internalizing, deregulation and competence were 11.90%, 7.4%, 11.9% and 8.8%. The constituent ratio difference was observed between Shenzhen and 14 cities in China. 2)The age difference observed in competence dimension and compulsive behavior, sensory Sensitivity, attention and so on. 3)The girls' externalizing behavior was lower than boy, but their internalizing behavior and competence higher than boys. The gender difference also was observed in externalizing, internalizing and competence dimensions. 4)Parents age, education level, mainly by raising children and whether only-child children were all relevant to toddler's social-emotional development. 【Conclusion】 Toddlers' social development has its distinctive features in Shenzhen, Parents good behavior way, comprehensive qualities, raising mode and parent-child interaction relationship were all important factors for promoting toddlers' social-emotional development.

Study on the home rearing environment factors of preschool children's temperament and behavior problems

XU Shao-qiong

2011, 19(5):  457-459. 

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【Objective】 To study the relationship between home rearing environment and preschool children's temperament and behavior problems. 【Methods】 Three hundred seventy preschool children were evaluated by self-designed questionnaire of family rearing environment, 3~7 years old children temperament questionnaires, Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist. To study the relationship between home rearing environment and children's temperament and behavior problems with Conditional logistic regression analysis. 【Result】 The home rearing environment play an important role in part preschool children's temperament and behavior problems. 【Conclusion】 Parents should pay attention to create favorable home rearing environment for preschool children's temperament and behavior development.

Study on sustained attention in children with a history of febrile seizures

SHI Bing-xin, ZHAO Ya-ru, JIANG Shu-ping

2011, 19(5):  460-462. 

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【Objective】 To explore the characteristics of sustained attention in children with a history of febrile seizures (FS). 【Methods】 Thirsty children with a history of simple febrile seizures (SFS), 30 children with a history of complex febrile seizures (CFS) and 30 children without a history of FS were assessed using the Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT). The quotients among groups were compared. 【Results】 In the CFS group, the combination attention quotient was 83.000±23.199, the visual attention quotient was 83.167±23.878, the visual concordance quotient was 92.250±16.103, the visual vigilance quotient was 79.000±27.330, the auditory vigilance quotient was77.167±29.652, and the visual focus quotient was 95.417±10.975. The quotients in the normal control group were 98.947±14.905, 99.632±14.359, 105.605±12.684, 96.895±16.097, 95.632±19.462, and 104.947±10.449, respectively. The results of the two groups were significantly different (P<0.05). No significant differences were found between the SFS group and normal group in any of the quotients. A significant difference between the CFS group and SFS group was only found in the auditory vigilance quotient: the other quotients were not significantly different. 【Conclusion】 The ability of response control and sustained attention is impaired in children with CFS and not impaired in children with SFS.

Study on behavior problems of attention deficit hyperactivity boys aged 8 to 11 years old and its relation with their parents' coping style

ZOU Hua, WU Yuan, ZHOU Chang-hong, KUANG Gui-fang

2011, 19(5):  463-465. 

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【Objective】 To find out the behavior problems of attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) boys and its relation with parents' coping style, and to provide evidence for comprehensive therapy. 【Method】 30 ADHD boys and 30 normal control boys were estimated by Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and their parents were estimated by Coping Style Questionnaire. 【Results】 The scores of fissility, depression, communication, obsession, hyperactivity, aggression and breach of discipline problems in ADHD boys were significantly higher than normal control boys (P<0.05). The scores of fancying, withdrawal and rationalization in ADHD boys' mother were significantly higher than normal control boys' mother (P<0.05). The score of solving problem in ADHD boys' father was significantly lower than normal control boys' father (P<0.05). Total scores of behavior problems were negatively relative with mother' s score of solving problem and they were positively relative with mother's score of rationalization. Total scores of behavior problems were negatively relative with father's score of solving problem and they were positively relative with father's score of withdrawal and rationalization. 【Conclusions】 The behavior problems of ADHD boys should be paid more attention to. ADHD children need comprehensive therapy including their parents' instruction.

Study on the relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children's blood lead level

XIN Xiao-yu, WU Yuan, JI Yong-juan, ZHOU Chang-hong

2011, 19(5):  465-467. 

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【Objective】 To confer attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and children's blood lead level of relationship. 【Methods】 Using atomic absorption spectrometry, for the same period 162 cases of ADHD children and child health care clinic in the medical examination of 181 cases of healthy children's blood lead level of statistical analysis. 【Results】 The results of ADHD children, the boy's high blood lead level was higher than that of girls (P<0.01), the boy's lead poisoning rate was also higher than that of girls (P<0.05). More dynamic, attention-impaired children's blood lead level of children's blood lead level was significantly higher (P<0.01). 【Conclusions】 The children's hyperactivity, attention disorder related to the high blood lead level of children. Therefore, it is significant to carry out a wide range of children blood lead ADHD and children's blood lead level

Survey on the occurrence of flatfoot and the kinesis of feet amone this children with spastic cerebral palsy

WANG Yu-xia, ZHANG Jin-hua, LAN Ai-fang

2011, 19(5):  467-469. 

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【Objective】 To explore the growth of instep and the incidence rate of flatfoot and the kinesis of feet in 2~6 years old children with spastic cerebral palsy. 【Methods】 The study involved 56 in 2~6 years old children with spastic cerebral palsy from the Tianjin Children's Hospital. Footprint was used to observe and classify the insteps, and then counted the incidence rate of flatfoot. Visual method was used to observe the calcaneus and toes, and then counted the incidence rate of calcaneus varus or valgus, hallux varus or valgus,toe plantar flexion or dorsiflexion. 【Results】 Among 56 children, 106 feet were observed. The incidence rate was as follows: 100% for flatfoot, 0% For slight、2.83% for medium、97.17% for maximum,0% for calcaneus varus、0.94% for nomal、99.06% for calcaneus valgus, 100% for ankle plantar flexion, 0.94% for ankle dorsiflexion,100% for toe plantar flexion, 16.98% for toe dorsiflexion, the difference among age wasn't worth(P＞0.05); 0.94% for hallux varus, 5.66% for normal, 93.40% for hallux valgus, the difference among age was worth(P＜0.05). 【Conclusions】 In 2~6 years old children with spastic cerebral palsy, the incidence rate of flatfoot is high, the kinesis of feet is poor. We should pay more attention to it.

Pathogens distribution and drug sensitivity of newborn dacryocystitis

YANG Chen-hao, GAO Lu, ZHOU Xiao-hong, LU Shu-jie

2011, 19(5):  472-474. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the pathogens and drug tolerance of newborn dacryocystitis in order to provide evidence of clinical drug use. 【Method】 From August 2009 to October 2010, 220 cases of newborn dacryocystitis were analyzed for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests in children's hospital of Fudan university. 【Results】 Of the 220 samples with newborn dacryocystitis, pathogens detecting rate was 91.4％(201 cases).44.7%(93 cases) strains were gram-negative, the first three kinds of isolated bacteria were escherichia col, klebsiella pneumonia and haemophilus influenza. 52.9%(110 cases) strains were gram-positive, the first three kinds of isolated bacteria were staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus viridans and staphylococcus aureus. 2.4%(5 cases) were epiphyte. Gram-negative bacteria were more sensitive to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, the sensitivity rate was 93.5% and 90.3%. Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to levofloxacin and tobramycin, the sensitivity rate was 91.8% and 90.0%. Both gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria's sensitivity to erythromycin were lowest. 【Conclusion】 Gram-positive bacteria's detecting rate is higher than gram-negative bacteria's of newborn dacryocystitis, both are more sensitive to the types of antibiotics of quinolones and aminoglycosides.

Birth status and influencing factors of 362 live-born infants

ZHAO Zi-wen, LIU Gui-ying

2011, 19(5):  475-477. 

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【Objective】 To research the methods of childbearing, birth weight, length, complications of live newborns and identify the influence factors. 【Methods】 Collecting the datas of presentation, birth weight, length, complications and resuscitation of live newborns during September 2009 to March 2010 in obstetrics of Anzhen Hospital. 【Results】 362 newborns were investigated, cesarean section 227(62.71%), perineotomy 99(27.35%), spontaneous delivery 26(7.18%), forceps delivery 10(2.76%); average length (49.92±1.52)cm, average birth weight (3 376.24±465.198)g, fetal macrosomia 37(10.22%), premature infant 28(7.73%), low birth weight infant 16(4.42%). The complications of newborn were abnormality of umbilical cord in 70(19.34%), intrauterine asphyxia in 68(18.78%), meconium-stained amniotic fluid in 51(14.09%), asphyxia in 18(4.97%), abnormity in 14(3.87%), pneumonia in 14(3.87%), pustular eruption in 14(3.87%), polycythemia in 2(0.55%). There were 18 asphyxial newborns resuscitated, all of them were treated artificial respiration of positive pressure(100%), among them 3(16.67%) were treated endotracheal intubation, 5(27.78%) were treated chest compression, 6(33.33%) were applied medicine. 【Conclusions】 The cesarean section rate is high. The birth weight of newborn is on the high side, and the incidence of fetal macrosomia increased. Artificial respiration of positive pressure is the most important measure in the resuscitations of asphyxia newborn.

Analysis of the effect that tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention to children with autism

LI Ling, JIAO Yun, LIU Li-yan, HUANG Cui

2011, 19(5):  477-479. 

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【Objective】 To observe the effect of tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention to children with autism and which could offer evidences for clinic treatment. 【Methods】 38 children with autism were divided into two groups at random. The control group was accepted comprehensive intervention treatment only.While the experimental group was accepted tongue acupuncture and comprehensive intervention.Evaluating with psychological education scale before and six months after the treatment respectively. 【Result】 The results showed that the scores of imitation, hand-eye coordination, cognitive understanding, cognitive expression, and the development of cognition of experimental group were all improved significantly compared with the control group. 【Conclusion】 The new treatment of tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention can improve the efficacy of children with autism.

Effect assessment of health education on prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease

WANG Ying, ZHANG Yan-qing, LI Jun, WANG Li-hua

2011, 19(5):  482-484. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the cognition of infant parents about hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) and explore effective methords of health education on prevention of HFMD. 【Methods】 All the parents of infant less than 5-year-old selected were our research object. Provided health education through professional lectures in every village. 【Result】 The everage score of the questionaire was incresed sifanificantly(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Professional lectures is an effective method of health education which can enhance the cognitive level of the parents about HFMD.