Table of Content

10 July 2018, Volume 26 Issue 7

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Clinical research and practice on comorbidity of children's psychological disorders

ZHANG Jin-song

2018, 26(7):  697-700.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-01

Asbtract ( )   PDF (619KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Comorbidity is common in mental disorders.Researches on comorbidity disorders include epidemiology,cross-sectional and longitudinal developmental correlation among disorders,common etiology and pathology,as well as the influence and treatment.Each disorder in the comorbidity disorders can alter the whole clinical manifestations and response to treatment.Besides,comorbidity disorders take much more impairment on individual function.This article introduces the prevalence of several common disorders in children,such as comorbid anxiety and depression,comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),autism spectrum disorder(ASD),tourette syndrome and so on.Related studies on comorbidity structure and development may help to find predictive information and developmental pathway in the early onset of mental disorders.In clinical practice,accurate diagnose and clear correlation among comorbidity disorders are the key factors for making an accurate treating plan,using prevention strategy and predicting future development.At the end,several commons on making a whole stages treating plan are proposed based on the comorbidity diagnose.

Diagnosis and treatment of comorbidity in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

LUO Xue-rong, WANG Bei-ni

2018, 26(7):  701-704.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-02

Asbtract ( )   PDF (597KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents.The comorbidity rate is around 48%,which includes oppositional defiant disorder (ODD),conduct disorder(CD),anxiety,bipolar disorder(BPD),major depression disorder(MDD),tic disorder(TD),autism spectrum disorder(ASD),learning disorder(LD),and substance abuse.This article reviews the evidence on the diagnosis and treatment of the comorbidities in ADHD patients in order to help with the pediatrists and psychiatrists' practice.

Research on the association between Dubowitz neurological assessment and the outcome of
developmental behavior in late-preterm infants

LIN Sen-ran, LI Yun, CUI Wei, GU Gui-xiong, HUA Jing

2018, 26(7):  705-708.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-03

Asbtract ( )   PDF (729KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To preliminarily examine the predictive validity of the Dubowitz Neurological Assessment-2nd Edition (The Neurological Assessment of the Preterm and Full-term Newborn Infant-second edition) to the outcome of developmental behavior in late-preterm infants,in order to provide basis for improving the follow-up system of late-preterm infants. Methods A total of 116 low-risk late-preterm (34⁺⁰~36⁺⁶ gestational weeks) infants born in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from October 2016 to March 2017 were selected into the follow-up cohort.Dubowitz Neurological Assessment was performed at ultra-early stage (within 6 hours after birth) and at term age (40-week corrected gestational age) respectively.Bayley-Ⅲ (Bayley Scale of Infant Development-3rd Edition) was used to assess developmental outcome at corrected age 6 months .Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation between Dubowitz Neurological Assessment scores and Bayley-Ⅲ cognitive and motor composite scores. Results The cognitive composite scores of corrected age of 6 months were associated with abnormal signs of both ultra-early stage (r=0.184, P＜0.05) and term age (r=-0.187, P＜0.05),and were related to the scores of posture and tone and reflex(r=0.187,0.182,P＜0.05).The motor composite scores were related to posture and tone and abnormal signs (r=0.201,0.219,P＜0.05). Conclusion The Dubowitz Neurological Assessment has a certain predictive value for the outcome of developmental behavior of late-preterm infants, and further study is warranted for the application in a larger population.

Impact of different callers on response to name in autism spectrum disorders infants

ZHU Feng-lei, CHEN Kai-yun, WANG Fang, CHENG San-mei, ZOU Xiao-bing

2018, 26(7):  709-711.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-04

Asbtract ( )   PDF (454KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the influence of different callers on response to name among infants with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Methods Totally 72 ASD,36 developmental delays (DD) and 36 neuro-typical (NT) infants aged 16 to 30 months,were recruited from Child Developmental and Behavioral Center and near communities from April 2017 to February 2018.Response to name contained two main procedures: the tester procedure and the caregiver procedure.Behavioral data were collected by cameras,coded by two professional staffs,and compared among three groups. Results The difference of response rate between the tester procedure and the caregiver procedure in DD group was significant (Z=-5.01,P<0.01); While the differences on response rate in ASD and NT group,the differences on response score,response time,and response duration time among three groups were not significant(P＞0.05).Moreover,there were significant differences on the proportion of responsive infants in both ASD and non-ASD group between single caller procedure and the total procedures (χ²=11.15,9.06,11.39,10.23,all P<0.01). Conclusion Although there was no significant response preference for caregivers among all group infants,subjects' name called by testers and caregivers respectively could effectively reduce the response bias in response to name procedures.

Mediating effect of parenting styles on the relationship between childhood trauma and health risk
behaviors of rural left-behind children

LIU Xian-hua

2018, 26(7):  712-716.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-05

Asbtract ( )   PDF (603KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the impact of childhood trauma on health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children and mediating effect of parenting styles on this impact,in order to prevent and intervene health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children. Methods A total of 364 rural left-behind children were surveyed by the Adolescent Health Related Risky Behavior Inventory (AHRBI),the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) and the Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) from March to May 2016. Results 1) The health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children were significantly positively related to childhood traumas(r=0.12～0.31,P<0.05),negatively related to authoritative parenting style (r=-0.21～-0.48,P<0.01) and positively correlated with authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles (r=0.12～0.36,P<0.05); 2) Childhood traumas were significantly negatively related to authoritative parenting style (r=-0.11～-0.44,P<0.05) and positively related to authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles (r=0.12～0.47,P<0.05); 3)The moderating effect of parenting styles on the impact of childhood trauma on health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children was significant,and the structural equation model was statistical powerful (χ²/df=2.774～3.460,IFI=0.91～0.92,CFI=0.90～0.92,GFI=0.93～0.94,RMSEA=0.07～0.08). Conclusion Childhood trauma is an important risk factor for health risk behaviors of rural left-behind children,and authoritative parenting styles act as the role of positive moderating effect between them,while authoritarian and permissive/neglecting parenting styles act as the roles of negative moderating effect.

Study on the association between peri-pregnancy factors and childhood autism

LI Zhun, YANG Shao-ping, TANG Jun, YANG Sen-bei, PAN Shu-ya, JIANG Wei-wei, ZHANG Jing

2018, 26(7):  717-720.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-06

Asbtract ( )   PDF (530KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the peri-pregnancy risk factors for childhood autism,in order to provide evidence for prevention and intervention. Methods A 1∶3 matched case-control study was used in this research.A total of 180 autistic children in two medical institutions of Wuhan were selected as case group from 2013 to 2015,and 540 healthy children in Wuhan were recruited as control group.Caregivers or parents were investigated by using self-designed Childhood Psychological and Behavioral Development and Related Factors Questionnaire.Epidata 3.1 software was used for data-entry.Statistical analysis was conducted via SPSS 24.0 software. Results Factors that may increase risk for childhood autism included maternal stress during pregnancy (OR=20.118,95%CI: 9.812~60.696),postterm pregnancy (OR=7.379,95%CI: 1.328~40.985),pregnancy diseases (OR=2.876,95%CI: 1.528~5.414),pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (OR=2.309,95%CI: 1.184~4.501),history of adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR=1.678,95%CI: 1.056~2.665),neonatal asphyxia (OR=4.624,95%CI: 1.416~15.105),paternal age≥30 (OR=2.712,95%CI: 1.711~4.299),paternal education of junior college/undergraduate/+(OR=6.511,95%CI: 3.878~10.931). Conclusion Several peri-pregnancy factors are associated with childhood autism,positive peri-pregnancy care may reduce these factors and subsequently decrease the risk of autism.

Effect of early integrated intervention on psychological and behavioral development of left-behind
children aged 0～3 in poor rural areas

GAO Ya-jing, ZHAO Chun-xia, HUANG Xiao-na, ZHANG Jing-xu, WANG Xiao-li

2018, 26(7):  721-724.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-07

Asbtract ( )   PDF (703KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the effect of early integrated intervention on psychological and behavioral development of left-behind children aged 0~3 in poor rural areas,in order to provide evidence for optimized policy on left-behind children. Methods A total of 1 157 left-behind children aged 0~3 in 6 poor counties in Shanxi and Guizhou province were investigated in 2013.Four counties were enrolled as the intervention group,and the others were as control group.Both two groups were given basic health services,and the intervention group was given integrated intervention program additionally.After two years,all left-behind children aged 0~3 in two groups were investigated,and finally 1 248 cases were included.The Chinese Version of Ages & Stages Questionnaire-Third Edition (ASQ-3) was used to assess the status of early psychological and behavioral development of children.Difference-in-difference model and attributable risk proportion analysis were used to evaluate the effect of intervention. Results After monitoring the basic information,the decrease rates of suspicious delay in gross motor,fine motor,problem solving and personal-social domain in intervention group were 5.7%,7.4%,6.5% and 6.2%,respectively.And 65.5%,60.7%,52.8% and 66.7% of the reduction in difference resulted from intervention for each domain,respectively. Conclusion Early integrated intervention can significantly improve the psychological and behavioral development of left-behind children aged 0~3 in poor rural areas,so it deserved to be prompted in rural areas.

Reliability and validity ofthe Chinese version of Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale

HU Na, MENG Ling-di, LIU Kun

2018, 26(7):  725-728.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-08

Asbtract ( )   PDF (641KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese Version of Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS-C) for children and adolescents. Methods Two primary schools and two junior high schools in Shenyang of Liaoning province were selected by using convenient sampling method from May to July 2017,and 6 classes in each school were selected by muti-stage,stratified and cluster sampling method.Totally 620 questionnaires were sent out and 588 were collected with an effective response rate of 94.83%.All data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 17.0. Results The average age of investigate sample was(14.2±1.8) years old.All the item-total scores were positively related (0.823~0.929),I-CVIs were 0.830~1.000.The KMO of the PDSS-C was 0.932,the Bartlett's spherical test χ² was 2 869.839.One-factor model was got by using exploratory factor analysis and the cumulative variance contribution was 81.129%,the load values of each item were all over 0.400.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that one-factor model fit well (χ²/df=2.460,RMSEA=0.070,GFI=0.973,AGFI=0.930,TLI=0.986,IFI=0.993,CFI=0.993).The Cronbach's α coefficient of the PDSS-C was 0.96,and the test-retest reliability was 0.98. Conclusion The PDSS-C is a reliable and valid tool to measure the level of daytime sleepiness in children and adolescents.

Predictive validity of Bayley Scale of Infant Development-3rd Edition-Screening Test in early term children

YANG Qing, LI Shu-zhen, LIU Lei-lei, LIN Sen-ran, HUA Jing

2018, 26(7):  729-732.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-09

Asbtract ( )   PDF (562KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To assess the predictive validity of Bayley Scale of Infant Development-3rd Edition-Screening Test (BSID-Ⅲ Screening Test) in preterm children,so as to provide a valid tool for screening and intervention of developmental disorders. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted in one of Shanghai Maternity and Children's Hospitals from October 2016 to March 2017.A total of 116 preterm infants were enrolled in the follow-up study from birth to corrected age of 6 months.According to the data distribution,Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the predictive validity. Results The scores of BSID-Ⅲ Screening Test in corrected postpartum 42 days were not associated with neurobehavioral outcomes at corrected age of 6 months(all P＞0.05).However,the cognitive and motor ability assessed by BSID-Ⅲ Screening Test at corrected age of 3 months and 6 months were corelated with neurobehavioral outcomes(all P＜0.05). Conclusion The BSID-Ⅲ Screening Test deserves some predictive values,however,further research is still warranted to acquire more valid results through extending follow-up months.

Genotype-phenotype analysis in the early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder

GAO Yan , HONG Qi, WU Hui-dan, GUO Hui, JIANG Tao-tao, XIA Hui-yun,
MA Xiao-ying, DING Bi-lan, ZHUO Xiu-hui, BAI Ting

2018, 26(7):  733-736.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-10

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1026KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To discuss the application of phenotype and genotype of patients in the early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder(ASD). Methods Physical examination, clinical evaluations were carried out in 122 patients, together by using G-banding karyotype analysis and molecular inversion probe. Results A mutational patient was present with typical autistic symptoms, severe intellectual disability, behavioral problems and the history of hypotonia and motor delay as well as corpus callosum hypoplasia and ventricular enlargement. A de novo frameshift mutation in the autism-related gene (DDX3X) was identified in the patient. There was an inverted 9 chromosome and the karyotype designation is 46, XX, inv(9) (p12q13). Conclusion The mutations of DDX3X are important risk factors of ASD which cause frequently multiple impairments of neurodevelopment and have differential effect by gender. The study of phenotype and genotype will provide important information for early warning and diagnosis in clinical.

Survey of parental stressof junior and middle classes of kindergarten and its influence factors

CHEN Jing, LIU Yi, DU Ya-song

2018, 26(7):  737-740.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-11

Asbtract ( )   PDF (544KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the parental stress of children in junior and middle classes of kindergarten and its relationship with children's mental status. Methods A total of 51 healthy young children were recruited form a kindergarten in Shanghai. All the parents were asked to finish the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results 1) The differences total score of child dimension (t=2.104,P<0.05) and the subscales of adaptability (t=2.376,P<0.05), acceptability (t=2.517,P<0.05) of child dimension in PSI between boys and girts were significant. 2) There were significant differences on SDQ conduct problems factor score (t=2.064, P<0.05) and prosocial behaviors factor score (t=-2.743, P<0.01) between male and female children.3) The total score of SDQ difficulty was positively correlated with PSI total score (P<0.01), and some SDQ factors were correlated with PSI total score and some factor scores (all P<0.05). 4) At six-month follow-up, the total score of PSI and the subscales of distractibility/hyperactivity, adaptability, demanding, mood, acceptability of child dimension and the subscales of competence and attachment of parent dimension were higher than those at baseline (all P<0.05). Conclusions Healthy preschool girls have fewer behavior problems than boys, and their social behavior was better than boys.Parenting stress is related to children's behavior, so parents of preschool girls feel less parental pressure than parents of boys.In early childhood, parental pressure increases as children grow up.

Influence of home environment on language development in early childhood

FANG Yong-shuang, CHEN Jin-jin

2018, 26(7):  741-743.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-12

Asbtract ( )   PDF (473KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Language delay is a common developmental problem in early childhood,and is one of the important factors affecting children's healthy development.Home environment,the main living environment in early childhood,has a significant impact on early language development,and is the key factor determining the level of language development of young children.In recent years,the influence of home environmental factors on language development of early childhood has been studied widely and becoming a research hotspot in the field of children's language development.This paper will give an overview of the recent advances on the effects of home environment on early language development in early childhood.

Research progress on risk factors for children comorbid autism spectrum disorder and sleep disorder

HUANG Dan-dan, JIANG Zhi-mei, LIU Yang, WANG Ya-nan, LIANG Meng-qi

2018, 26(7):  744-747.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-13

Asbtract ( )   PDF (532KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that occurs in early childhood and has high incidence in recent years. Sleep disorder is a common comorbidity of ASD children, and the severity can not only exacerbate behavioral problems in children, affect learning and memory, lower the threshold of epilepsy, but also increase the pressure on caregivers. Therefore, this article reviews the biological factors, core symptoms, comorbidity and environmental factors of ASD children in order to better understand, prevent and give early intervention on sleep disorder in ASD children.

Research progress on the changes in large-scale brain network in autism

ZHAO Li-cong, DU Ya-song

2018, 26(7):  748-750.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-14

Asbtract ( )   PDF (463KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Resting-state magnetic resonance imaging,as a non-invasive and visual method,has been one of the most important techniques for autism brain function analysis.Currently,the model of large-scale brain network provides a new approach to understand the abnormality of neuropsychiatric disorder including autism spectrum disorder (ASD).This review summarizes the change in connectivity of the core brain network of autism and its relationship with the symptoms.

Dynamic monitoring of brain damage in high-risk infants through brainstem auditory evoked potential

WANG Xiao-yan, WANG Hong, ZHAO Zhi-wei

2018, 26(7):  751-753.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-15

Asbtract ( )   PDF (468KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

In recent years, brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) has been found in children with intellectual movement, language delay, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Because of its noninvasive test and high sensitivity, BAEP has been applied to early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of brain injury and prognosis.

Meta-analysis on the association between breastfeeding and childhood autism

YIN Dao-gen, HE Zhen, LI Min, DUAN Xue-yan, HUANG Jun-fang

2018, 26(7):  754-757.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-16

Asbtract ( )   PDF (582KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the association between breastfeeding and childhood autism,in order to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of autism. Methods Case-control studies on the association between breastfeeding and childhood autism from 2006 to 2017 were analyzed by Meta-analysis with Revman5.3 software.The fixed effect model or random effect model were selected by the heterogeneity test results.The OR value and 95%CI were calculated,publication bias and sensitivity analysis were conducted.Subgroup analysis was conducted according to the breastfeeding duration time (>1 m,>3 m,>6 m,>12 m). Results Totally 11 published articles (13 studies) were selected,including 2 323 cases and 2 839 control cases.The OR and 95%CI of breastfeeding associated with autism were [0.49(0.35~0.68)] (P＜0.05); Subgroup analysis revealed that the values of OR and 95%CI of breastfeeding duration >3 months and >6 months were [0.66(0.49~0.91)] and [0.40(0.32~0.49)](both P＜0.05),respectively. Conclusion Breastfeeding may be a protective factor for childhood autism.So breastfeeding at least for 6 months is suggested to be promoted.

Investigation of anxiety, depression and comorbidity among left-behind primary school pupils and normal pupils in Harbin

CUI jing, XIN Zhi-yu, MA Long, WANG Zhe, WANG Miao, WANG Yi-jun

2018, 26(7):  758-761.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-17

Asbtract ( )   PDF (593KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, comorbity anxiety and depression among urban left-behind pupils and normal pupils, and to study the influence of attachment, subjective life quality, sense of security, as well as guardians' anxiety and depression. Methods Previously, 89 left-behind children in city were selected from June to September 2016, and control group were chose by 1∶1 matching control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted in two groups. The contents of the questionnaire included general information, Scale of Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS), and so on. Results 1) The anxiety(43.2% vs.32.1%,χ²=2.023,P=0.155)and comorbidity(22.2% vs.17.3%,χ²=0.314,P=0.575)rates of the two groups had no significant difference. But the depression rates of the two groups were significantly different(25.9% vs.13.6%,χ²=6.261,P=0.012). 2) The left-behind students' comorbity anxiety and depression was negatively correlated with the family life, peer interaction, school life, somatic emotion , cognitive and emotional component(P＜0.05).At the same time, anxiety and depression were negatively related to interpersonal sense of security and certainty in control (P<0.05); Anxiety, depression and comorbid anxiety and depression in pupils in control group were negatively correlated with peer interaction, school life, physical and emotional, emotional and cognitive component elements, interpersonal safety, determine the sense of control was negatively correlated (P<0.05). In addition, anxiety and depression respectively had negative correlation with school and family life (P<0.05). 3)The regression coefficient of left-behind pupils' affective components on anxiety, depression and comorbid anxiety and depression were-0.42,-0.173 and-0.515,respectively. The regression coefficient of control group pupils' affective components on depression and comorbid anxiety and depression were-0.134 and-3.252.And the regression coefficient of school life on comorbid anxiety and depression was-3.998. Conclusions The anxiety, depression and comorbidity of left-behind pupils are more serious than those of normal pupils, and quality of life, parent-child attachment and security will exert a certain influence on their psychological disturbance. Therefore left-behind pupils in urban area should be given more concern from the whole society.

Cross-sectional study on temperament types of preschoolers in Xi'an City

HE Hong-ling, HUANG Jun-ting, YAO Wan-xia, WANG Chun-juan

2018, 26(7):  762-764.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-18

Asbtract ( )   PDF (422KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To understand the temperament types and characteristics of preschoolers in Xi'an city, in order to provide references for parents and educators on preschooler's health education. Methods A total of 1 111 preschoolers from 30%~50% classes of every higher,intermediate and lower grade in five kindergartens in four different suburbs and the city center in Xi'an were enrolled by cluster random sampling method,and preschoolers were investigated using the questionnaire of self-designed family environment scale and the Chinese Preschool Temperament Scale(CPTS).Data were analyzed by χ² test using SPSS 15.0 software after parents had filled out questionnaires anonymously. Results 1)The rates of E,I-E,S,I-D,D type were 38.52%,36.91%,12.51%,8.46% and 3.60%,respectively.The type of E combined with I-E was the major type of temperament with the rate of over 70%,while the type of D combined with I-D were the least with the rate of lower than 13%.2)There were no statistically significant differences on temperament types among different age groups(P ＞0.05);The S type of temperament type in girls were higher than that in boys(P < 0.01).3)Compared with Beijing and CPTS national norms,the temperament types were not significantly different (P＞0.05).Compared with Shanghai and Guangzhou,the percentages of middle type and D type were lower,and the E type was significantly higher(P< 0.01).While the S type was all not significantly different among three cities(P ＞0.05).The distribution of preschooler's temperament types of 3~6 age groups stratified by sex: the S type of girls were higher than that of boys at 4-year-old children(15.60% vs.8.57%,P< 0.05).The D type of girls was higher than that of boys at 5-year-old children while the I-E type was lower (25.12% vs.38.75%,P< 0.05). Conclusions The major type of temperament in preschoolers is E combined with I-E in Xi'an city.The distribution of temperament type is affected by sex and region except age.Appropriate education measures should be taken by parents and educators according to their temperament in order to promote healthy growth and development of children.

Investigation on reading ability using One-minute Reading Test for children aged 4~12 in Nanjing

JIANG Bei, XU Qu, ZHANG Lei, QU Jia-xin, ZHANG Qing-yu, WANG Jing, XIE Ya-chun, HONG Qin, GUO Xi-rong, TONG Mei-ling, CHI Xia

2018, 26(7):  765-767.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-19

Asbtract ( )   PDF (542KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To establish a One-minute Reading Test reference standard for children aged 4~12 in Nanjing,in order to provide basis for evaluating children's reading-related abilities. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the speed and accuracy of one-minute readings of 570 children aged 4~12 from kindergartens and elementary schools in Nanjing in April 2017. Results 1) The outcome of one-minute readings tended to increase with age,with an increase trend at 4~10 years old and a steady trend at 10~12 years old.2) There were significant differences on One-minute Reading Test between every two age groups of 4~10 years old(P>0.05) and no significant differences between every two age groups of 10~12 years old(P>0.05).3)Significant difference on reading ability between male and female was not found(P>0.05). Conclusions The ability of reading numbers is an important reference for children's reading ability.The results of this study can provide reference for evaluating children's reading ability and identifying children with potential reading difficulties.

Family environmental factors and parents' personality traits in children with emotional disorder

ZHANG Yue-bing, LIU Xia, WANG Ai-qin, LI Rong-qin, SHANG Lu-ning

2018, 26(7):  768-770.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-20

Asbtract ( )   PDF (618KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study family environmental factors and parents' personality traits in children with emotional disorder,in order to provide the reference for the prevention and treatment for emotional disorders in children. Methods A total of 102 children with emotional disorders,102 normal children and their parents were enrolled in March 2015 to February 2016.All children were assessed with Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) and general information questionnaire.Parents were assessed with Eysenck personality questionnaire. Results The rates of positive family history with mental disorder,single and reorganization of the family in children with emotional disorders were higher than those in control group(χ²=14.439,6.093,both P＜0.05).Scores had statistically differences on introversion-extroversion,nervousness,psychoticism of their parents between the two groups (χ²=3.642,2.526,3.810,4.794,all P＜0.001).The score of psychoticism in mothers of children with emotional disorders was significantly higher than that in mothers of normal children (χ²=2.105,P=0.037).Compared with the control group,children with emotional disorders scored higher in "father punishment,father refused,father over-govern,mother refused, mother punishment ".However,the scores of "parental affection-wormed" were lower(t=2.900~6.663,all P＜0.05). Conclusions Emotional disorders in children are greatly influenced by poor family environment.Reducing family conflict and improving parents' rearing styles may be helpful in treatment and prevention of emotional disorders.

Analysis on health condition among primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou in 2017

LIANG Su-ying, LI Lei, ZENG Ting, ZHANG Jian-qing, ZENG Pei-pei, LI Hong-hui

2018, 26(7):  771-774.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-21

Asbtract ( )   PDF (592KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To understand the growth and detection rates of common diseases in primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou,so as to provide evidence for making scientific prevention and intervention strategies. Methods Data was obtained from health examination of 4 807 primary and middle school students in Community Health Service Centers of Nanhuan Street in Liunan district of Liuzhou in 2017.Information on growth,nutritional status,and detection rates of common diseases were collected and analyzed statistically. Results Height and weight of primary and middle school students aged 6~15 increased with age.The average height of female students aged 9~11 was significantly higher than that of male students in the same age group,and the average height of male students aged 13~15 was significantly lower than that of male students (all P<0.05).The weight of male students both in group of 6～7 years old and 14～15 years old were significantly higher than these of female students in the same age group (all P<0.05).Compared with male students,female students had a lower detection rate of low body weight and higher detection rates of poor eyesight,trachoma and dental caries (all P<0.01).The detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight and poor eyesight of primary and middle school students increased with age,while the detection rate of dental caries decreased with age (all P_trend<0.01).Compared with primary school students,middle school students had higher detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight,poor eyesight and dental caries (all P<0.01). Conclusion The detection rates of malnutrition,low body weight,poor eyesight and dental caries were high among primary and middle school students in Liunan district of Liuzhou.So it is necessary to pay more attention to health and nutrition of primary and middle school students, and to take comprehensive measures to reduce the prevalence of common diseases.

Effect of psychological intervention on the improvement of psychological behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural areas of Guangyuan

ZHAO Gui-jun, HE Feng-mei, ZHANG Hong-qiang

2018, 26(7):  775-777.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-22

Asbtract ( )   PDF (632KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the value of psychological intervention on the improvement of psychological behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural areas of Guangyuan,in order to provide suggestions for psychological and behavioral intervention. Methods A total of 200 left-behind children in Guangyuan rural area who had psychological behavioral problems [Achenbach Child Behavior Scale (CBCL) were greater than the national norm clinical boundary value] were enrolled from May 2015 to May 2016,and were divided into intervention group (receiving 12 weeks of psychological intervention) and control group (receiving general behavioral guidance), with 100 cases in each group.The psychological behavioral problems of two groups were evaluated by the CBCL scale and the Piers-Harri Children's Self-consciousness Scale before and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference on CBCL scores and Piers-Harri children's self-consciousness scores in boys and girls between intervention group and control group before intervention (all P>0.05).The scores of CBCL factors in boys and girls of intervention group were significantly lower than those of control group after the intervention (P<0.05).The score of Piers-Harri children's self-consciousness scale in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Psychological intervention plays a significant role on improving the psychological and behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural Guangyuan.It can be used as an effective way to conduct psychological and behavioral intervention for the left-behind children in rural areas.

Analysis of correlation between inflammatory cytokines and mental development in children with autism spectrum disorder

XIAO Ge-fei, ZHOU Xiang, LI Hua, CHEN Qiang, JIANG Ying, ZHAO Yan-ling, ZHOU Yu-qiu

2018, 26(7):  778-780.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-23

Asbtract ( )   PDF (525KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study the correlation between inflammatory cytokines and autism spectrum disorder (ASD),and to identify serum markers for diagnosis and treatment of ASD. Methods A total of 70 ASD patients and 70 normal control children in Zhuhai Municipal Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were enrolled in this study from June 2015 to May 2017.And 11 kinds of inflammatory cytokines such as GM-CSF,IL-5,IL-13,MIG,MIP-1α,MIP-1β,PDGF- BB,RANTES,TIMP-1,TIMP-2 and TNF RⅡ in serum samples from were tested by protein chip technology were tested. Results There were significant differences on the levels of GM-CSF,IL-5,IL-13,MIG and MIP-1α between the case group and control group (t=4.857,2.364,4.024,2.209,-5.054,all P<0.05).The levels of GM-CSF,IL-5,IL-13 and MIG in the case group were higher than those in the control group,while the level of MIP-1α was lower in the case group.Also,the level of MIP-1α was associated with mental retardation in ASD children. Conclusions Increased levels of serum GM-CSF,IL-5,IL-13,MIG and decreased MIP-1α are associated with the pathogenesis of ASD.And low level of MIP-1α is closely linked with mental retardation in children with ASD.This conclusion provides the scientific basis for early intervention in ASD children from neuro-immunology point of view.

Application of ultrasound in diagnosis of girl precocious puberty

WANG Hua , SUN Lei, YU Shan-shan, JIA Wan-ying, JIANG Jue, ZHOU Qi

2018, 26(7):  784-786.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-25

Asbtract ( )   PDF (460KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound parameters for diagnosing girls with different types of precocious puberty, and to explore the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of girls' precocious puberty. Methods There were 263 girls with precocious puberty, including 146 in the Central Precocious Puberty (CPP) group, 117 in the Peripheral Precocious Puberty (PPP )group, and 146 normal girls from February 2016 to February 2018.The uterus, ovaries, and mammary glands were detected.Ultrasonic multi-parameter measurement data were compared to observe the differences and features of ultrasound parameters among children with different types of precocious puberty and their children with normal girls. Results Cervical thickness was the best diagnostic indicator for diagnosing CPP,the critical value was 0.75 cm, the highest specificity index was the thickness of the mammary gland with a critical value of 1.03 cm, and the combination of the two had a diagnostic sensitivity of 92.1% and a specificity of 96.3%.The length of the cervix was the best diagnostic indicator of PPP, the critical value was 1.51 cm, the highest specificity index was the volume of the uterine body, the critical value was 2.87 cm³, and the combination of the two had a diagnostic sensitivity of 90.1% and a specificity of 95.4%.Ovarian volume was the best diagnostic indicator to distinguish between CPP and PPP,the critical value was 2.25 cm³, the highest specificity index was the breast gland length, the critical value was 3.67 cm,and the combination of the two had a diagnostic sensitivity of 93.5% and a specificity of 89.2%. Conclusion Ultrasound examination is non-invasive and reliable, and its ultrasound measurement parameters have high application value in the clinical diagnosis and identification of girls' precocious puberty.

Investigation and analysis of 1 264 preschool children's psychological behavior problems in Liuan city,Anhui

PENG Chun-yan, CHU Chang-shan, LIU Cheng-xian, GUO Lei

2018, 26(7):  787-789.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-26

Asbtract ( )   PDF (500KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors for psychological behavioral problems preschool children in Liuan, in order to provide evidence for early recognition and intervention. Methods Children aged 3~6 from six kindergartens were selected randomly by using multi-stage cluster random sampling form August to September 2016. Parents were face-to-face interviewed by using self-designed questionnaire and Conner Parents Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ).And the data were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 264 preschoolers were screened in this study, of which 272(21.5%) cases of children with various psychological abnormalities were detected. Single factor analysis showed that the detection rates of children's psychological behavioral problems were statistically significant between different genders (χ² =50.198,P＜0.001), different ages (χ² =6.552,P=0.038) and different areas (χ²=7.281,P=0.007). Multifactor Logistic regression analysis indicated that boys (OR=2.959,95%CI: 2.177～4.023), and rural area (OR=1.427,95%CI: 1.079～1.889) were independent risk factors of children's behavioral problems.Conclusion The detection rate of preschool children's psychological behavioral problems in Liuan's rather high, also boys and rural children had a higher morbidity rate and should be the main target of interventions, including early identification, early intervention, combination of medication and education, so that their developmental behavioral problems or disorders can be prevented or improved.

Risk factors of accidental poisoning:based on clinical analysis of 353 inpatient cases

HUANG Sheng, HU Ya-ping, CHEN Yang, CAI Xiao-fang

2018, 26(7):  790-792.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-27

Asbtract ( )   PDF (664KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study risk factors and clinical features associated with children accidental poisoning,in order to provide scientific evidence of further prevention. Method Totally 353 cases admitted as accidental poisoning were studied retrospectively from November 2011 to November 2016. Results Drug misusage mainly occurred in 1 to 4-year-old children (275,77.9%),the medium age was 2.4 years old,and male to female ratio was 1.5∶1,with higher proportion in rural than in urban areas.There was no statistical significant difference in the onset age in different groups by gender and area.Most accidental poisoning were oral drugs (157)with a significant higher rate than in urban area(χ²=8.51,P＜0.05).The percentages of misusage of pesticide and psychoneural drugs intoxication in rural area were significantly higher than those in urban area(χ²=18.8,8.43,both P＜0.05).However,misusage of antihypertensive drugs was more prevalent in urban than in rural area(χ²=4.3,P＜0.05).In 80.7% family of the cases,grandparents involved in caring children and the rural grandparents involved more frequently. Conclusions There is an obvious difference on children drug misusage morbidity in different age groups.Drug misusage should be prevented according to children's physiological and psychological features at different age stages.Children left-behind and cared by grandparents' in urban area may be the high risk factors.And more attention should be paid to the drug supervision especially in the families with psychiatric patients and chronic disease patients.

Analysis of quality of life of phenylketonuria children with early dietary treatment

QIU Ting, XU Yin, WANG Li-zhen, ZHANG Heng, GUO Bing-bing, JIANG Xin-ye

2018, 26(7):  796-798.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-29

Asbtract ( )   PDF (602KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the quality of life of 2 to 4-year-old children with phenylketonuria(PKU) and its correlation with phenylalanine (Phe) concentration,in order to provide guidance for clinical treatment. Methods Totally 15 children diagnosed with PKU born from June 2011 to June 2015 were investigated by The Quality of Life Inventory,and the score of Quality of Life Inventory was compared between PKU children and normal children.And the correlation of quality of life with phenylalanine level was analyzed. Results In emotional function dimension,score of item on feeling less sad and depressed in 2 to 4-year-old children with early treatment was significantly lower than that in healthy children(P＜0.01),but the differences on other items of quality of life between the two groups were not significant.Besides,there was no significant correlation between phenylalanine level and quality of life(P＞0.05). Conclusion Early dietary treatment is crucial to improve quality of life of PKU children,and normal phenylalanine level of PKU children may guarantee the good quality of life.

Influencing factors for physical fitness among preschool children in community

KANG Xiao-yu, DUAN Lin-lin

2018, 26(7):  799-802.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-30

Asbtract ( )   PDF (582KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the influencing factors for physical fitness among preschool children,in order to provide evidence for physical development of preschool children. Methods A total of 1 255 preschool children took physical test in Zuojiazhuang community and their caregivers were investigated by questionnaires in 2015.Data were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The rate of excellence in physical test showed an increasing trend with children' age(trend χ²=13.423,P<0.001).The rate of excellence in physical test of girls was significantly higher than that of boys(adjusted OR=1.77,P<0.001).Also,the rate of excellence in physical test of children who was macrosomia at birth was higher than that of children with normal birth weight (adjusted OR=1.50,P=0.042).The rate of excellence in physical test among children with sleep problem was lower than that of normal children,but the difference was not significant (adjusted OR=0.78,P=0.080). Conclusions Pregnant women is suggested to control weight in order to create good conditions for virginal delivery.Parents should pay more attention to children' sleep health to reduce the occurrence of sleep problems.

Effect of mirror therapy on upper limb function of children with spastic hemiplegia

PENG Guang-yang

2018, 26(7):  803-805.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-31

Asbtract ( )   PDF (492KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the effect of mirror therapy on upper limb function of children with spastic hemiplegia,so as to provide evidence on treatment. Methods A total of 60 children with spastic hemiplegia in Huanggang Pingan and Rehabilitation Hospital were divided into observation group (n=30) and control group (n=30) by random number table from January 2014 to January 2016.The control group was given routine treatment and rehabilitation training,and the observation group was given the mirror therapy based on the control group.The Quality of Upper Extremity Skill Test (QUEST),Peabody fine motor development scale (Peabody-FM),Pediatrics Evaluation of Disability Inventory(PEDI) were used to assess children's upper limb function before treatment,8 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment and data were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences on the scores of QUEST,Peabody-FM and PEDI of 2 groups before treatment (P＞0.05).After 8 and 12 weeks of treatment,the scores of QUEST,Peabody-FM and PEDI in two groups significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the scores of QUEST,Peabody-FM and PEDI had improved significantly in the observation group(P＜0.05).The scores of 12 weeks of treatment improved most obviously. Conclusion Mirror therapy is helpful to improve the hand arm structure,function,hand coordination performance and activities of daily living in spastic hemiplegia children with upper limb dysfunction, so it is recommended to be used widely.

Study on the effect of filial play therapy group training on the treatment of preschoolers' internalizing problem behaviors

FENG Zhe, HUANG Min-shi, CHEN Jie-rong, CUI Zi-tian, ZHONG Qin, CHEN Yu-ying, WAN Guo-bin

2018, 26(7):  806-808.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-07-32

Asbtract ( )   PDF (514KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the effectiveness of filial play therapy on the treatment of preschool children with internalizing problem behaviors. Methods Children with internalizing problem behaviors were screened by using Child Behavior Scale Chinese(CBSC) in 2 kindergartens in Shenzhen.Totally 24 children with the highest internalizing problem behaviors score in each kindergarten were randomly divided into intervention group and control group.Parents of the intervention group were given 8-week filial play therapy group training and the control group were followed up without intervention.The scores of CBSC were evaluated and compared before and after the intervention. Results Data of 20 children in intervention group and 19 children in control group were collected validly.After intervention,the scores of social withdrawal factor (2.80±3.09),anxiety factor(5.15±3.65) and total score of introverted behavioral problems factor (12.60 ±7.06) reduced significantly compared with those of baseline (P<0.05),but the scores of emotional control factor and somatization factor showed no significant change (P>0.05). Conclusions Filial paly therapy group training is effective to intervention of preschool children's internalizing behavior problems.It can reduce preschool children's social withdrawal and anxiety problems,and it should be improved and spread in further.