Objective To analyze the influencing factors for physical fitness among preschool children,in order to provide evidence for physical development of preschool children. Methods A total of 1 255 preschool children took physical test in Zuojiazhuang community and their caregivers were investigated by questionnaires in 2015.Data were analyzed by Logistic regression. Results The rate of excellence in physical test showed an increasing trend with children' age(trend χ²=13.423,P<0.001).The rate of excellence in physical test of girls was significantly higher than that of boys(adjusted OR=1.77,P<0.001).Also,the rate of excellence in physical test of children who was macrosomia at birth was higher than that of children with normal birth weight (adjusted OR=1.50,P=0.042).The rate of excellence in physical test among children with sleep problem was lower than that of normal children,but the difference was not significant (adjusted OR=0.78,P=0.080). Conclusions Pregnant women is suggested to control weight in order to create good conditions for virginal delivery.Parents should pay more attention to children' sleep health to reduce the occurrence of sleep problems.