Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety, depression, comorbity anxiety and depression among urban left-behind pupils and normal pupils, and to study the influence of attachment, subjective life quality, sense of security, as well as guardians' anxiety and depression. Methods Previously, 89 left-behind children in city were selected from June to September 2016, and control group were chose by 1∶1 matching control group. A questionnaire survey was conducted in two groups. The contents of the questionnaire included general information, Scale of Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Revised Children's Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS), and so on. Results 1) The anxiety(43.2% vs.32.1%,χ²=2.023,P=0.155)and comorbidity(22.2% vs.17.3%,χ²=0.314,P=0.575)rates of the two groups had no significant difference. But the depression rates of the two groups were significantly different(25.9% vs.13.6%,χ²=6.261,P=0.012). 2) The left-behind students' comorbity anxiety and depression was negatively correlated with the family life, peer interaction, school life, somatic emotion , cognitive and emotional component(P＜0.05).At the same time, anxiety and depression were negatively related to interpersonal sense of security and certainty in control (P<0.05); Anxiety, depression and comorbid anxiety and depression in pupils in control group were negatively correlated with peer interaction, school life, physical and emotional, emotional and cognitive component elements, interpersonal safety, determine the sense of control was negatively correlated (P<0.05). In addition, anxiety and depression respectively had negative correlation with school and family life (P<0.05). 3)The regression coefficient of left-behind pupils' affective components on anxiety, depression and comorbid anxiety and depression were-0.42,-0.173 and-0.515,respectively. The regression coefficient of control group pupils' affective components on depression and comorbid anxiety and depression were-0.134 and-3.252.And the regression coefficient of school life on comorbid anxiety and depression was-3.998. Conclusions The anxiety, depression and comorbidity of left-behind pupils are more serious than those of normal pupils, and quality of life, parent-child attachment and security will exert a certain influence on their psychological disturbance. Therefore left-behind pupils in urban area should be given more concern from the whole society.