Abstract: Comorbidity is common in mental disorders.Researches on comorbidity disorders include epidemiology,cross-sectional and longitudinal developmental correlation among disorders,common etiology and pathology,as well as the influence and treatment.Each disorder in the comorbidity disorders can alter the whole clinical manifestations and response to treatment.Besides,comorbidity disorders take much more impairment on individual function.This article introduces the prevalence of several common disorders in children,such as comorbid anxiety and depression,comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),autism spectrum disorder(ASD),tourette syndrome and so on.Related studies on comorbidity structure and development may help to find predictive information and developmental pathway in the early onset of mental disorders.In clinical practice,accurate diagnose and clear correlation among comorbidity disorders are the key factors for making an accurate treating plan,using prevention strategy and predicting future development.At the end,several commons on making a whole stages treating plan are proposed based on the comorbidity diagnose.

Key words: psychological disorder, comorbidity, children

摘要： 共病在精神/心理障碍中很常见,共病的研究包括流行病学特点、疾病之间的横向关系、纵向发展关系、共同的病因、病理机制、产生的影响和治疗。共病中的每一种疾病都改变了患者的整体临床表现和治疗反应,而且共病对个体功能的损害更大。本文介绍了几种常见儿童期精神障碍共病的流行病学特点,如焦虑障碍与抑郁障碍的共病,注意缺陷多障碍的共病,孤独症的共病、Tourette 综合征的共病等。共病之间结构性和发展性的相关研究,可从早发性儿童精神障碍中寻找,预测以后共患的障碍的信息和发展路径。在临床实践中,准确地诊断共病以及共病之间的关系,影响着是否能准确地制订治疗方案、采取预防性干预措施以及预测未来发展。最后,作者就根据共病的诊断制定全程治疗方案提出了几点建议。

关键词: 心理障碍, 共病, 儿童