Objective To analyze the value of psychological intervention on the improvement of psychological behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural areas of Guangyuan,in order to provide suggestions for psychological and behavioral intervention. Methods A total of 200 left-behind children in Guangyuan rural area who had psychological behavioral problems [Achenbach Child Behavior Scale (CBCL) were greater than the national norm clinical boundary value] were enrolled from May 2015 to May 2016,and were divided into intervention group (receiving 12 weeks of psychological intervention) and control group (receiving general behavioral guidance), with 100 cases in each group.The psychological behavioral problems of two groups were evaluated by the CBCL scale and the Piers-Harri Children's Self-consciousness Scale before and after intervention. Results There was no significant difference on CBCL scores and Piers-Harri children's self-consciousness scores in boys and girls between intervention group and control group before intervention (all P>0.05).The scores of CBCL factors in boys and girls of intervention group were significantly lower than those of control group after the intervention (P<0.05).The score of Piers-Harri children's self-consciousness scale in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Psychological intervention plays a significant role on improving the psychological and behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural Guangyuan.It can be used as an effective way to conduct psychological and behavioral intervention for the left-behind children in rural areas.