Table of Content

06 July 2012, Volume 20 Issue 7

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Family function and psychopathic traits in children and adolescents with conduct disorder

WANG Peng-peng,ZHANG Jin-song,XIA Wei-ping,LIAO Xiang-peng

2012, 20(7):  582-584. 

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【Objectives】 To explore the characters of family functional factors and psychopathic traits in children and adolescents with conduct disorder. 【Methods】 99 adolescents with conduct disorder and 71 normal controls were enrolled in this case-control study.The Family Assessment Device(FAD)and Antisocial Process Screening Device(APSD)were used in the assessment. 【Results】 The score of general family function and factors' scores of communication,role playing,affection reaction,affection involvement,problem solving in FAD in children and adolescents with conduct disorder were significantly higher than those of normal controls(P<0.05).The scores of callous-unemotional(CU),narcissism(NA)impulsivity(IM)were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P<0.01).Sperman correlation analysis demonstrated that narcissism was positively relative to affection involvement at low level; impulsivity was positively relative to affection reaction,affection involvement and behavior control at low level.Callous-unemotional traits had no relationship with family factors. 【Conclusions】 The children and adolescents with conduct disorder has dysfunctional family factors and psychopathic traits.The family function and psychopathic traits both impact on the onset of conduct disorder.

Association methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism with autism children

ZHAO Dong,XIA Wei,SUN Cai-hong,LI Nan-nan,WU Kun

2012, 20(7):  585-587. 

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【Objectives】 To analyze the association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and autism susceptibility. 【Methods】 A total of 98 cases with autism and 70 controls which randomly selected were matched with the age and sex.Analysis of the polymorphism was done using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)method and confirmed by direct sequencing. 【Results】 The rate of mutation(TT and CT genotype)in the case group(46.9%) was significantly higher than control group(14.3%)(χ²=19.59,P<0.005).There was significant difference of C allele and T allele frequencies between the case group and the control group(χ²=24.38,P<0.0005).Partitions of χ² method was used to analyze the rate of genotype mutation between the case group and control group,both TT and CT genotypes mutation rate showed a significant statistic difference when they compared with CC genotype(χ²=10.12,19.76,P all<0.0125); the rate of mutation of CT genotype and TT genotype showed no difference(P>0.0125). 【Conclusions】 These findings indicate that the polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T genes may be a risk factor for autism.

Research on the mean length of the three longest utterances in Mandarin-speaking toddlers aged 16 to 30 months in Shenyang

WANG Yong-juan,ZHAO Ya-ru,TAN Ying-hua,JIANG Shu-ping,PAN Hong-di,MA Xian-sheng

2012, 20(7):  588-590. 

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【Objective】 To identify the mean length of the three longest utterances(MLU3)development in Mandarin-speaking toddlers aged 16 to 30 months. 【Methods】 Using face-to-face interviews with the CCDI(Chinese Communicative Development Inventory-Mandarin Version),parents of 194 toddlers aged 16 to 30 months randomly selected in two urban districts in Shenyang were asked to report three of their children's longest utterances.Then calculated the MLU3 of each child.Next it was given that childrens' MLU3 change with age. 【Results】 184 toddlers entered the study.The MLU3 value increased with the age increase gradually.Linear regression analysis showed that MLU3 was positively correlated with age(r=0.742);The MLU3 of 23 months group was more than that of 22 months group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);The MLU3 of rest adiacent groups showed no significant difference. 【Conclusions】 The mean length of the three longest utterances in Mandarin-speaking toddlers developes gradually as age increased from 16 months to 30 months.22~23 months is the rapidly period for MLU3 development.

Research on features of emotional process in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

HAN Jing-jing,ZHANG Jin-song,ZHAO Ying-chun

2012, 20(7):  591-594. 

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【Objective】 To explore the features of emotional experience of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)children and adolescents. 【Method】 134 ADHD children who met the DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria and 134 normal controls were evaluated with The Chinese Affective Picture System for Children 7~14-year old.The case-control study was completed between the two groups. 【Results】 Comparing with the normal controls,the ADHD children had lower scores on the dominance generally.For the different mood quality of affective pictures,the ADHD children had lower valence and dominance of positive pictures,lower dominance of neutral pictures,and lower arousal of negative pictures.For different type of negative pictures,the ADHD children had lower scores on the arousal of fearful pictures,and lower dominance of anger pictures,and lower valence of disgust pictures.In the positive pictures,the ADHD children had lower scores on the dominance of happy pictures,and lower valence and dominance of joyful pictures. 【Conclusions】 The emotional experience of ADHD child had lower happy feeling,lower arousal of negative stimuli.Furthermore,they felt themselves small and weak.

Investigation on emotion and behavior problems among children aged 3 to 6 years old

HUANG Guang-wen,WU Hong,LIU Zhi-yu,DU Qi-yun,HUANG-Qun,FANG Jun-qun

2012, 20(7):  595-597. 

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【Objective】 To explore the emotional and behavioral problems among children aged 3 to 6 years old of Hunan province. 【Methods】 A self-designed questionnaire of children's condition and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(the edition for parents,SDQ)were used to investigate 1 280 children aged 3 to 6 years old in countryside. 【Results】 The prevalence of difficulty problems in children aged 3 to 6 years old was 11.6%.The abnormal prevalence of emotion or behavior was 33.9%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with emotion symptom was 2.3%,conduct problems was 7.1%,attention deficit and hyperactivity was 11.5%,intercourse problems among associate was 3.9% and social behavior was 18.6%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ in male children with attention deficit and hyperactivity was 13.4%,intercourse problems among associate was 4.9% and social behavior was 20.9%,were higher than female was 8.8%,2.4% and 15.4%,and there were significantly different(χ²=5.188~6.288,P<0.05).The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with the total scores of difficult,conduct problems,attention deficit and hyperactivity and social problems were different in children among different ages,were significantly different(χ²=8.235~19.206,P<0.001~0.05).The influencing factors of the emotion and behavior problems with children including sex and conditions of living,left family working with father and the degree of education with mother. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of emotion and behavior problems was high among children aged 3 to 6 years,we should pay more attention to interview the emotion and behavior problems with children.

Correlation between family environment and behavior characteristics of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined with tic disorder

JI Yong-juan,CHEN Juan,YU Xia,ZOU Hua,KUANG Gui-fang

2012, 20(7):  598-600. 

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【Objective】 To explore the correlation between family environment and behavior characteristics of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)combined with tic disorder(TD)(CAT). 【Method】 50 boys in each group of CAT,ADHD,TD and normal group were investigated using Family Environment Scales-Chinese Version(FES-CV)and the Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL). 【Results】 In FES-CV,the scores of emotional expression,intellectual-cultural orientation,entertainment and organization of CAT group were significantly lower but independence and contradictoriness were higher than those of normal control group(P＜0.01),contrasted with TD group,the score of intellectual-cultural orientation of CAT group were decreased(P＜0.05).In CBCL,all of scores in CAT group were remarkably higher than the N group(P＜0.01),the scores of obsession in the CAT group were increased compared with ADHD group(P＜0.05),most of scores in the CAT group were obviously higher except divisiveness and abruption when compared with the TD group(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between cohesion in FES-CV and obsession,social recession,hyperactivity,aggression and undiscipline in CBCL,and there were similiar trends between emotional expression and depression hyperactivity aggression. 【Conclusion】 Family function defect in boys with CAT have a certain impact on behavior problems of those children.

Clinical significance of video long-range electroencephalogram children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

LIU Ling,CHEN Yan-hui,YIN Xiao-rong

2012, 20(7):  601-603. 

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【Objective】 To analyse the clinical significance of video long-range electroencephalogram(EEG)in children suffering from attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder(ADHD),so as to discuss the importance of the video long-range electroencephalogram for ADHD. 【Methods】 The patients of ADHD and the normal group both were from outpatient of pediatric neurology,and the video long-range electroencephalogram was monitored in all of them. 【Results】 The video long-range electroencephalogram abnormal rate was higher in ADHD than normal,it showed that there were much more wave θ、δ and abnormal electro-discharge.Divided the patients of ADHD into three groups by age as following 6~7 years,7~8 years,9~14 years,and each group was compared with the normal group in amplitude and frequency of wave α in awake EEG.And there was significant difference in average amplitude and frequency of wave between the three ADHD group and the normal group(P<0.05),the ADHD was inferior to the normal.Nerve electricity physiological indexes indicated that the neurons excitability of ADHD was decline. 【Conclusions】 The video long-range electroencephalogram is helpful to the diagnose and treatment of ADHD,it plays a very important role that should not be neglect.

Research on the self-concept and risk factors of Hui nationality school-age children

LI Jia-yue,YANG Lan,GUO Jin-xian

2012, 20(7):  604-606. 

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【Objective】 To know about the developmental level and risk factors of the self-concept of Hui nationality school-age children. 【Method】 The Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSS) and Self-designed Questionnaire were used to investigate 495 Hui nationality school-age children. 【Results】 The whole lever of self-concept of the Hui nationality school-age children was significantly lower than the level of Chinese norms(P<0.01).Girls got higher scores than boys about behavior,anxiety,gregariousness as well as total score(P<0.01).And the score was becoming lower with the grade growing.Parents' education,occupation,family income,family type had effects on self-concept.And so did the school environment factors,such as study score,teacher-student relationship,classmate relationship.The level of pupil's self-concept was markedly higher than the level of the middle school students. 【Conclusions】 School age is the critical period of the development of self-concept.To create a better environment of family and school is an effective protection to improve the children mental health.

Effect of serum melatonin on emotional behavior of rats in early environment

WANG Ting-ting,CHEN Yan-hui

2012, 20(7):  607-609. 

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【Objective】 To explore the influence of early environment on emotional behavior of rats and the involved melatonin pathway. 【Methods】 The different environments-the enriched environment(EE) ,the isolated environment(IE) for rats were established.The the head-touch test was performed to assess anxious and nervous ability of the rats after postnatal 29 days(P29).The levels of serum melatonin of rats were tested by the emission immunology method after early environment intervention. 【Results】 1) In the handle-touch test,the scores of nervous and the pain in EE group were(1.13±0.35,1.87±0.83)> the normal control group(1.67±0.72,2.60±0.91)> the isolated environment group(2.13±0.64,3.47±0.64)(P<0.05).2) The level of serum melatonin of rats in EE group was(49.67±6.67)ng/mL,which was more than that in control group(45.81±4.09) ng/mL.The level of serum melatonin in IE group was (40.53±3.23)ng/mL,which was the lowest among three groups(P<0.001).3) There was negative correlation between melatonin levels in rats with stressors,pain stimulation. 【Conclusion】 The melatonin may play an important role in emotion development,which regulated by the early environment.

Psychological problems and the relationship with social support of the prisoners' minor children

WANG Jian,LI Chang-jiang,PENG Yun-long,WANG Ling,SUN Lu-jing

2012, 20(7):  622-624. 

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【Objective】 To explore the situation of the character and the behavior problems of the prisoners' minor children and the relationship with social support. 【Methods】 20 prisoners' minor children were selected by handy sampling consisted experimental group and ordinary left-home Minor Children by cluster sampling consisted matched group by maximum matching method.Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Conners Parent Rating Scale and Social support scale were used to test the Children. 【Results】 1)The mean rank scores of the behavior problems of experimental group were significantly higher than that of comparison group(all P＜0.05).The mean rank scores of the neuroticism of experimental group were significantly higher ,but the lie were significantly lower than that of comparison group(all P＜0.05 ).2)As for the experimental group,Significant negative correlations were found between hyperactive impulsive disturbance and the objective support,between the psychoticism and the subjective support and between the introversion- extroversion and objective support(P<0.05).Significant positive correlations was found between the hyperactive impulsive disturbance and the support utilization(P<0.05).3)The support utilization was the significantly positive predictor for the hyperactive impulsive disturbance(β=0.52,P=0.02).The subjective support was the significantly negative predictor for the psychoticism(β=0.48,P=0.03). 【Conclusions】 The Prisoners' Minor Children have several behavior and character problems.The social support effects their behavior problems and character.

Survey for the behavior problems of 20 children with type I diabetes and maternal coping style and mental health in Shanghai

SUN Da-liang,ZHU Da-qian,CAI Yi-yun,SHI Shen-xun,WU Shan-qin

2012, 20(7):  625-628. 

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【Objective】 To evaluate the behavior problems of children with type I diabetes and maternal coping style and mental health in shanghai. 【Method】 20 children with type I diabetes were investigated with self-command generalized information questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist,and mothers of the subjects were assessed with the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ)and the Symptom-Checklist(SCL-90) respectively. 【Results】 It should not be optimistic about the illness control of children,although they showed good treatment compliance,and various degrees of behavioral problems were observed among them(depression as the main factor).Multiple linear regression was adopted to find maternal positive coping style showed a relationship with treatment compliance(β=1.44,P=0.04)and duration of illness in children(β=0.23,P=0.00),so did maternal negative coping style with fear of hypoglycaemia in children(β=1.03,P=0.03).Compared with domestic norm,the scores of any factor in SCL-90 were higher significantly(P＜0.05),and the first three factors were depression,somatization,obsessive-compulsive.The results suggested that a positive correlation existed between the scores of maternal positive coping style and the scores of anxiety and hostility,while no correlation was found in negative coping style. 【Conclusions】 Various degrees of behavioral problems are observed among the children with type I diabetes and the illness control of them is not optimistic,which influenced seriously the mental health of mothers facing the problems with various methods,so much different support and help are needed in the illness control of children and the mental health of mothers.

Comparative study of family parenting style and school education style in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children and in Non-ADHD children

LIANG Ya-yong,CEN Chao-qun,YANG Cui-ping,ZOU Xiao-bing

2012, 20(7):  629-631. 

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【Objective】 To contrast the family parenting style and school education style of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children and Non-ADHD children. 【Methods】 Using the Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scales and self-designed questionnaire diagnosed 224 ADHD children(male 205,female 19) in out-patient clinic.Random extract an proportion students of 1~6 grades in an elementary school of Guangzhou,completed the Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scales and self-designed questionnaire,326 Non-ADHD children were selected (male 217,female 109).Through the questionnaire to acquire their family parenting styles and school education styles.The family parenting styles and school education styles were divided into positive or negative. 【Results】 The ratio of Non-ADHD children who received positive family parenting style was 93.3%,but the ratio of ADHD children who received positive family parenting style was 47.3%,the Non-ADHD children had a higher ratio of positive family parenting style than ADHD children(χ²=122.399,P<0.05);The ratio of Non-ADHD children who received positive school education style was 87.4%,but the ratio of ADHD children who received positive family parenting style was 33.9%,the Non-ADHD children have a higher ratio of positive family parenting style than ADHD children(χ²=168.454,P<0.05).They were all having significant statistical significance. 【Conclusion】 The ratio of received positive family parenting style and positive school education style in ADHD children is significantly lower than in Non-ADHD children.

Correlational study on functional constipation and psychological behavioral factors in children

XIONG Shu-ying,SUN Xiao-mian,CHENG Shu-mei,WU Zi-juan,HUANG Xu-li

2012, 20(7):  632-634. 

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【Objective】 To explore the psychological and behavioral characteristics,temperament traits and family environment of children with functional constipation and provide basis for precaution and psychological intervention. 【Methods】 Achenbach Children Behavior Checklist(CBCL),Children Temperament Scale,Family Environment Scale-chinese version (FEV-CV) and hyperactivity behavior checklist for 106 children with functional constipation and 212 normal children were selected to investigate children's parents. 【Results】 1) Incidence rate of behavior problems in the case group(22.64%) was higher than in the control group(12.26%)(P<0.05).Somatic complaint,immaturity,aggressiveness of boys and social withdrawal,depression,obese,schizoid state of girls with functional constipation were higher than those of normal ones from 4 to 5(P<0.05).Depression,offensive behavior,restless behavior,aggressiveness of boys and offensive behavior,somatic complaint,disobedience of girls with functional constipation were higher than those of normal ones from 6 to 11(P<0.05).2)The scores in their temperament test of rhythmicity,adaptability,persistence,distractibility of children with functional constipation were lower than those of normal children (P<0.05).3)In scores of family environment,cohesion,intellectual-cultural orientation,independence and control were lower than those in control group and conflict was higher than it(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Incidence rate of behavior problems in children with functional constipation was much higher,they have particular temperamental characteristics and living in relatively unhealthy family environment should thus be administered.

Analysis of intelligence development of language development delay in 2 to 3 years old children

TAO Cong,MAI Jan-ning,XIAO Hua,PAN Li-wen,DU Zhi-hong,YANG Si-yuan

2012, 20(7):  635-636. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the intelligence development characteristics of children with language development delay. 【Methods】 The study population consisted of 178 children ageed 2 to 3 years with language development delay.Sign-Significant Relations (S-S method) was used for language developmental assessment,and Gesell development scale was used for developmental assessment.The statistical analysis was made on the development quotient (DQ). 【Results】 The gross motor development of the children was normal (DQ>85),the development quotient in areas of language was below normal range(DQ<76).The language development was correlative significantly with adaptive behavior development,fine motor development and personal-social behavior development (P<0.01).The incidence of lowly adaptive behavior and lowly personal-social behavior was 72.5% and 52.2%.The incidence of lowly adaptive behavior and lowly personal-social behavior was correlative significantly with language defect level (P<0.01).The incidence of lowly fine motor was 48.9%.The incidence of lowly fine motor was not correlative with language defect level (P>0.05). 【Conclusions】 The children with language development delay are often accompanied by lowly adaptive behavior,lowly fine motor and lowly personal-social behavior.Intelligence developmental assessment and comprehensive intervention are needed to children with language development delay.

Analysis of factors on development of 6-month-old infants

KONG Li-fang

2012, 20(7):  637-639. 

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【Objective】 To analyse the factors which influence the infants' early development and provide the theoretical basis for promoting child early development. 【Methods】 Compared the effects on developmental quotients by 15 factors including feeding method,early education method,nutrition condition,periodical check,main caregivers and so on,based on 518 6-month-old infants' developmental quotients in Gesell development scale. 【Results】 In single-factor analysis,there were 12 factors which executively affect on early developmental quotients of babies including mother education level,feeding method,early education method,nutrition condition.And through Multiple regression analysis,there were 6 factors which were correlated positively with 6-month-old infants' developmental quotients including mother education level,feeding method,early education method,pregnant woman's health,nutrition status and the main caregivers. 【Conclusions】 There are 6 factors which greatly affect on 6-month infants' developmental quotients including mother education level,feeding method,early education method,pregnant woman's health,nutrition status and the main caregivers.So great importance should be focused to these factors to promote early child development.

Study on the characteristics of temperament and family environment in children with primary nocturnal enuresis

PAN Xiao-fen,LIU Yu-ling,LIAO Yan,LIN Guo-mo

2012, 20(7):  640-642. 

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【Objective】 To explore the characteristics of temperament and family environment of children with nocturnal enuresis and provide theoretical evidence for comprehensive intervention. 【Methods】 Children with nocturnal enuresis aged 5~7 years old were chosen to study the characteristics of temperament and family environment by questionnaires and follow-up examination.Case control study was conducted. 【Results】 The type of raising difficultly and intermediate to raise difficultly was the main types of primary enuresis,respectively 29.2% (19/65) and 30.7% (24/65).The rate of primary enuresis group was higher than that of the control group,it was generally difficult to raise,but the type of raising slowly has no significance.In temperament dimensions,The emotional essence(3.42±0.59),rhythm(4.12±0.53),persistent(3.78±0.65),adaptive(4.35±0.55) scores were different from those of control group[(3.13±0.65),(4.34±0.63),(3.24±0.72),(4.75±0.76)],the difference between the two groups had statistical significance (P<0.05),children with nocturnal enuresis lived in family environment.The expressiveness,independence,achievement orientation,success,organization scores were lower than that of control group,the difference between the two groups had significant statistical significance (P<0.05),while contradiction and control were higher than those of control group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The unique temperament and poor family environment may be influencing factors in the primary enuresis and influences may decreases with age,while early psychological intervention can be used as adjuvant therapy for symptoms of quick remit.

Investigation and analysis of behavioral problems of children aged 6~12 years in Beijing

ZHAO Jin-qi,ZHANG Wan-xia,LI Yi-chen,KONG Yuan-yuan

2012, 20(7):  642-645. 

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【Objective】 To understand the facotrs influencing behavioral problems of children aged 6~12 years. 【Method】 236 children aged 6~12 years were surveyed by using the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist for children.Multiple analysis were performed with SPSS software. 【Results】 The rate of behavioral problems of children was 18.2%,and stepwise regression revealed that three variable factors affected behavioral problems of the children,including the parents education status,the main takings education,infection disease. 【Conclusions】 Family's environment is an important effective factor which influencing behavioral problems.To reduce the rate of behavior problems,changing the family's environment should be paid attention to.

Exploration of early respiratory infections and children's current asthma in case-control study

HUANG Yan-qing,CHEN Ping,ZHUANG Jia-yong

2012, 20(7):  648-650. 

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【Objective】 To explore the association of early respiratory infection and children's current asthma. 【Methods】 A total of 317 children with average aged about 4 years were recruited into the study group and 317 healthy children without asthma were categorized into the control group.The parents of these children were responded to a questionnaire covering demographic factors,lifestyle,home environment,and health history,including a detailed history of respiratory conditions.Back multi-factor matched conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of children's asthma about four years old. 【Results】 After adjustment for the other covariate factors,the data indicated the significant association of current asthma and the degree with the numbers of upper/low respiratory infection and the age of onset of low respiratory infection in the past year.No significant correlation was found between the ages of onset of upper respiratory infection with current asthma and the degree. 【Conclusion】 There are associations of early respiratory infection with children's current asthma in locality.

Relations research between temperament and home rearing environment of 2~3 years old children in Zhongshan

DENG Cheng,GU Li-ping,HE Wan-yi,HE Shu-hua,WEI Wan-jian,YE Chun-hong,CHEN Xin,LIU Yu-ling,CHEN Ang

2012, 20(7):  651-653. 

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【Objective】 To study the relationship between home rearing environment and temperament of 2~3 years old children. 【Methods】 178 children who had physical examination for entering kindergarten were evaluated by self-designed questionnaire of family rearing environment,Chinese children temperament Scale(CTTS),Family Environment Scale Chinese version (FES-CV).The relationship was studied between home rearing environment and children's temperament with correlation analysis. 【Result】 There was significant positive correlation between emotional expression and dimension distraction.The intimacy was positively correlated with the threshold of responsiveness.There was significant positive correlations between achievement and regularity and durability.Intellectual and adaptability was significantly negative correlated.There was significant positive correlation between moral religion and activity level. 【Conclusion】 Children's temperament is correlated with home rearing environment.Parents should pay attention to create favorable home rearing environment for the formation of the children's temperament as well as future growth.

Study on Conners scale in clinical subtypes of Han and Uygur children of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

WU Xiao-ning,SONG Min,Reyila·Abula,SONG Xin-lan,LIU Zao-ling

2012, 20(7):  654-656. 

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【Objectives】 To compare the distribution of three clinical subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) between Han and Uygur and to evaluate the application of Conners scale in three clinical subtypes of ADHD. 【Methods】 The data of ADHD Children from 2008 to 2010 of the section of children's health care in Urumqi First People Hospital were analyzed and the distribution of three clinical subtypes of ADHD,PSQ was employed to assess children's behavior in three clinical subtypes of ADHD and control,the total scores and factor scores were compared among the four groups. 【Results】 1)There were 1 164 ADHD children including 1 114 Han and 50 Uygur.2)The distribution of three clinical subtypes of ADHD was different between Han and Uygur,the most subtype was ADHD-HI at preschool,the one ADHD-C at primary school among Han and Uygur and the most subtype was ADHD-I at high school in Han.The factor scores (except anxiety and psychosomatic problem in Uygur and psychosomatic problem in Han) were found to be significantly higher in the three clinical subtypes compared to controls.However,no reliable difference was found in the factor scores between the ADHD-I and controls in Uygur. 【Conclusions】 The distribution of three clinical subtypes of ADHD between Han and Uygur and Conners scale may help to differentiate clinical case of ADHD from normal controls in aspects of conduct disorder,learning problem,impulsive-hyperactive behavior,as well as in terms of hyperactive index.On the other hand,the scale has limited value in differentiating clinical subtypes of ADHD.

Clinical significance of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children with MP-IgM titer and C reaction protein detection

LIAO Wei-qiang,YANG Jun,ZHANG Guo-hua,DENG Hui-yan

2012, 20(7):  659-660. 

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【Objective】 To explore the change of C-reactive protein(CRP) and the occurrence of extra pulmonary organ injury in the children with different titers of mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) -IgM after MP infection. 【Methods】 300 cases with MP infection were divided into 3 groups according to the titers of MP-IgM,group A with titer of 1∶80,group B with titer of 1∶160 and group C with titer equal to or above 1∶320.The positive rate of CRP and the occurrence of extra pulmonary organ injury were retrospectively analysed in the different groups. 【Result】 Higher positive rate of CRP and also higher occurrence of extra pulmonary organ injury were observed in the group C compared with group A and B. 【Conclusion】 The determinations of CRP and the titer of MP-IgM are useful for early diagnosis,observation of the disease course and prediction of the prognosis of children with MP.

Clinical analysis of 36 cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with pulmonary atelectasis

ZHANG Yong-ming,LIU Xiu-yun

2012, 20(7):  661-663. 

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【Objectives】 To analyze the clinical features in the recovery phase of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP) with pulmonary atelectasis complication and to evaluate the factors of sequelae may occur after mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia by analysis of the examinations of high-resolution computed tomogramphy (HRCT) and pulmonary function. 【Methods】 109 cases of pediatric MPP with pulmonary atelectasis complication had been selected from 1 166 patients who were treated in Beijing Pediatric Hospital between May 2006 and May 2007.After telephone appointments and parental authorizations,thirty-six children were examined with HRCT and/or with pulmonary function after an interval of 1.0 to 1.4 years. 【Results】 1)The incidence of pediatric MPP with pulmonary atelectasis complication in hospitalized patients was no significant difference in age distributions (P>0.05).2) 23 patients had been identified with abnormal lung appearance by using HRCT imaging in 36 cases of pediatric MPP with pulmonary atelectasis complication,corresponding to a rate of 63.9%.3)The patients were divided into "Abnormal HRCT Group" and "Normal HRCT Group" according to their HRCT examinations.Comparative studies were carried out between two groups,and showed significant differences (P<0.05) in age distribution,duration of fever and cough.There was a significant difference in the therapeutically effect of fiber-optical bronchoscope-assisted washing treatment between the group within 20 days and more than 20 days of illness (P<0.05).4) The pulmonary functions in 27 cases were still abnormal with obstruction of ventilation function in 16 cases and with complexed/mixed ventilation functional obstructions with blocking as primary obstacle in 1 case. 【Conclusions】 Careful follow-up is important for mycoplasma pneumonia in younger children or fever and cough is longer.Early applying the fiber-optical bronchoscope-assisted washing treatment may reduce the sequelae.The pulmonary function should be examined with regular.

Survey on anti-HBs level of children entering nurseries or kindergartens in Ningbo city

FU Chan-rong,HU Bo-ying,WANG Jian-hong

2012, 20(7):  664-665. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the anti-HBs(hepatitis B virus surface antibody) level of children entering nurseries or kindergartens in Ningbo city after basic hepatitis B vaccination. 【Methods】 466 children in Ningbo city entering nurseries or kindergartens who had finished 3 times basic hepatitis B vaccination were enrolled the study by using the method of random sampling and their HBsAg(hepatitis B virus surface antigen) and anti-HBs levels were detected. 【Results】 The average rate of HBsAg carring and high anti-HBs level were 0 and 30.69%;The incidence of high anti-HBs level in groups aged 1.5~2,3,above 4 were 35.42%,29.24% and 15.79%;The incidence of high anti-HBs level in groups vaccination during the first month and surpass one month after birth were 27.25% and 55.56%. 【Conclusions】 The anti-HBs level of children entering nurseries or kindergartens is low,and it is dropped with the increase of ages.A supplementary immunization was proposed to the low or no anti-HBs level healthy child.

Relation of trace elements and physical development in infants and young children

HUANG Mei,LUO Ya-li,LIN Zhi-min,HE Zhe,Han Xuan

2012, 20(7):  667-669. 

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【Objective】 To understand the correlation of trace elements and physical development of infants and young children and the risk factors causing malnutrition,intervention measures to ensure the normal development of the infantile. 【Methods】 868 cases of 0 to 2-year-old infants were randomly selected,a comparative study of six kinds of trace elements in the test results of the blood zinc,copper,calcium,iron,magnesium,aluminum and physical development of the measurement results. 【Results】 zinc,iron,calcium deficiency and high blood lead in children with growth retardation were higher than normal infant,and the risk rate are 4.04,3.20,2.61,3.00 times than that of normal children (P<0.05).Zinc,iron,calcium deficiency and high blood lead in children with low body weight were higher than normal infants,and the risk rate are 2.49,4.52,2.46,1.63 times than that of the normal children (P<0.05).Zinc,iron,calcium deficiency and high blood lead in children with malnutrition were higher than normal infants,and the risk rate are 5.02,3.67,2.29,3.82 times than that of normal children (P<0.05).(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The physical development of infants and young children are closely associated with the trace elements levels such as zinc,iron,calcium and lead.

Relation of constant and trace element and diet behavior of 1~7 years old childern in Yulin

GAO Cui-lian,HE Zhao-ping,QIU Yu-cheng,HUYAN Jia,MA Shu-yan,CAO Ming-xu,ZHAO Hui-jie,ZHANG Li-na,GAO Ping

2012, 20(7):  669-670. 

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【Objective】 To know the relation of constant and trace element and diet behavior of 1~7 years old childern in Yulin. 【Method】 7 396 children's constant and trace elements ages from 1~7 years old were measured,and compared with diet behavior. 【Results】 Zinc,iron,and calcium were in the biggest need.Zinc ranks the first(49.80%) in the 4 age ranges,iron ranks second(41.85%),calcium third(29.91%).There were significant difference about zinc,iron,and calcium between aged 1~3 and aged 3~7(P<0.05).Most children had bad dietary and behavioral habits.The levels of blood zinc and iron among the children with good dietary and behavioral habits were significantly higher than those among the children with bad dietary and behavioral habits (P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Lake of some constant and trace elements are common and related of diet behavior.The relevant media should increase the publicity and should be proposed in the diet structure and correcting bad diet behavior.