【Objective】 To explore the association of early respiratory infection and children's current asthma. 【Methods】 A total of 317 children with average aged about 4 years were recruited into the study group and 317 healthy children without asthma were categorized into the control group.The parents of these children were responded to a questionnaire covering demographic factors,lifestyle,home environment,and health history,including a detailed history of respiratory conditions.Back multi-factor matched conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of children's asthma about four years old. 【Results】 After adjustment for the other covariate factors,the data indicated the significant association of current asthma and the degree with the numbers of upper/low respiratory infection and the age of onset of low respiratory infection in the past year.No significant correlation was found between the ages of onset of upper respiratory infection with current asthma and the degree. 【Conclusion】 There are associations of early respiratory infection with children's current asthma in locality.