Table of Content

06 February 2012, Volume 20 Issue 2

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Logistic regression analysis on influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children.

SHI Qian,WANG Li,WANG Fang-fang,ZHENG Jian-zhong

2012, 20(2):  106-108. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in children of Taiyuan,and to provide the scientific basis for preventing overweight and obesity in children. 【Method】 A total of 1 582 grade 3 students from 5 elementary schools in Taiyuan were selected by a random cluster sampling method. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in children of Taiyuan were 11.5% and 9.4%.The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity were significantly higher in boys and single-child relative to girls and multiple-child respectively.Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that the main influencing factors of overweight and obesity were gender,single-child,parents' BMI,mother's educational level,times of watching television and birth weight. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in children of Taiyuan are high and influenced by many factors.

Prevalence of eating problems among 1~3 years children:A national survey in China.

WANG Shuo,HUANG Xiao-na,WANG Hui-shan,JIN Xing-ming

2012, 20(2):  109-111. 

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【Objective】 To investigate prevalence of eating problems among children of 1~3 years in China. 【Methods】 Cross-sectional survey was conducted.Data included children's socio-demographic,eating behavior and their caregiver's information. 【Result】 37.4% of children identified as eating problem,19.0% preferred some kinds food intensely,32.6% of caregivers indulged their children in picking food. 【Conclusion】 High percentage of eating problem exists among children of 1~3 years in China,family-unit should play an important role in clinical eating behavior intervention.

Study on FUT2 gene polymorphism and the effect on breast-fed infants' early growth.

ZHANG Zhuo-jun,WANG Yan-yan,YAO Wen,Ardythe Morrow,PENG Yong-mei

2012, 20(2):  112-116. 

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【Objective】 To examine the association between variation in mother's SNP genotype of FUT2 and infants' early growth and prevalence of common diseases. 【Methods】 110 breastfeeding mother-infant pairs were recruited in this study.Saliva samples were collected at 2 weeks postpartum.Infants' anthropometric indices like weight,height and head circumference were measured at the age of 4,13,26,52 w.The information of infants' sickness and diets were recorded by enquiring mothers by telephone. 【Results】 The incidence of common infectious diseases of this group of children was lower comparing with that published in the literature.Infants whose mothers' SNP genotype were AT grew faster than those whose mothers' SNP genotype were AA or TT.Their Z scores of weight at 13,26,52 w,height at 26,52 w and head circumference at 52 w were higher than those of other two groups (P<0.05),and their incidence of moderate to severe acute respiratory illness was lower (P<0.05);There were no significant differences of infants' incidence of eczema among different SNP genotype mothers' infants (P>0.05).However,the incidence of eczema of infants whose parents had atopic history was higher than whom they hadn't (P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 Breastfeeding could decrease the incidence of infants' common infectious diseases;AT maternal SNP (rs1047781) genotype of FUT2 profits infants more on early growth.Infants' incidence of eczema is associated with family history of hypersensitivity.

Trends in the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity among Chinese children aged 7~18 years from 1993 to 2009.

LIU Man,XI Bo,WANG Qi-juan,YUAN Yuan,LI Jun

2012, 20(2):  117-119. 

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【Objective】 To examine the trends in body mass index (BMI),waist circumference (WC) and the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and abdominal obesity among Chinese children aged 7~18 years from 1993-2009. 【Methods】 Based on the data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) conducted from 1993 to 2009,a total of 11 592 Chinese children aged 7~18 years were included in the data analysis.The information includes gender,age,region,height,weight and waist circumference. 【Results】 During the period of 1993-2009,mean BMI increased by 0.6 kg/m²(P for trend<0.001);mean WC increased by 1 cm (P for trend<0.001);the prevalence of overweight increased from 8.1% to 18.0%(P for trend<0.001);the prevalence of abdominal obesity increased from 15.3% to 28.9% (P for trend<0.001).The similar trends were found in nearly each group by gender,age and region (P for trend<0.001). 【Conclusion】 The BMI,WC and the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity among Chinese children has increased greatly during the past 17 years,and abdominal obesity increased more greatly than overweight defined by BMI.

Prevalence study on nutritional status of middle and primary school children in the cities of the Yangtze River Delta region.

ZHANG Xiao-min,WAN Yan-ping,HAN Xiao-yan,LU Li-ping,ZHOU Yi-quan,JIANG Ying,TAN Tao,MAO Yi-min

2012, 20(2):  120-123. 

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【Objective】 To investigate and analyze the nutritional status and distribution of middle and primary school children in the cities of the Yangtze River Delta region so as to provide scientific basis for prevention. 【Methods】 An epidemiological survey on nutritional status with stratified cluster sampling method carried out in 4 cities of the Yangtze River Delta region in September,2009 to September 2011.7 300 students aged 7~18 years from 12 middle and primary schools were enrolled as research subjects.The category standard of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents of China were recommended by WGOC (2004),and the screening criteria of stunting and wasting were recommended by WHO (2007). 【Results】 Overnutrition had been a major nutritional problem in the urban school children of this region.The prevalence of overweight,obesity and wasting in boys were higher than those of in girls(P<0.01).The distribution of nutritional status was different in different urban groups.An"obesity"problem was raised noticeably in the central district of large urban school children,meanwhile the "twin peak" phenomenon which mean over-and mal-nutritional status were coexisted in the medium and small urban school children. 【Conclusion】 It is time to adopt timely guidance and prevention in different urban school children of the Yangtze River Delta region.

Analysis of incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight and obesity children in Nanning.

FAN Xin,CHEN Shao-ke,TANG Qing,LUO Jing-si,FENG Ying

2012, 20(2):  124-126. 

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【Objective】 To find out the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight and obesity children in Nanning,Guangxi. 【Methods】 180 children in endocrine apartment of our hospital were examined. 【Result】 The incidence of overweight and obesity children(Male)were 13.5%,8.4%;and the incidence of overweight and obesity children(Female)were 7.9%,6.6%;66 children in 180 were diagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease;the prevalence was 36.7%,the incidence of male was 39.6%,and the incidence of female was 32.4%,which had no significant statistic means between male and female.The indexes of NAFLD children were much higher than non-NAFLD children,ALT and HOMA-IR were independent risk factors of NAFLD. 【Conclusion】 The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight and obesity children in Nanning is 36.7%,ALT and HOMA-IR are independent risk factors of NAFLD.

Influencing factors of childhood overweight and obesity based on 5-2-1-0 model.

TAN Xiao-yan,LIU Dong-mei,XU Ling-zhong

2012, 20(2):  127-129. 

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【Objectives】 To study influencing factors of childhood overweight and obesity based on 5-2-1-0 model and to provide the basis for preventing childhood obesity. 【Methods】 Using stratified random cluster sampling method,a total of 1 584 school-age children were selected from three primary schools in Shandong Province.A self-designed questionnaire was used to survey children's height,weight,daily activities,eating habits and so on.The relationship between 5-2-1-0 model and childhood obesity was analyzed with χ² test and binary logistic regression. 【Results】 The research showed that the rates of the overweight and obesity were 13.8% and 13.3%,respectively.Daily TV watching and computer playing time,daily outdoor exercise time and weekly sugary drinks drinking frequency in 5-2-1-0 model were associated with childhood overweight and obesity. 【Conclusions】 The rates of urban childhood overweight and obesity in China are close to that in developed countries;Meaningful factors can be learned from 5-2-1-0 model and put forward a suitable health promotion model to prevent childhood overweight and obesity in China.

Level dynamic changes and significance of serum 25-(OH) D₃ in newborns.

LI Jun-jun,DING Xiao-chun

2012, 20(2):  130-131. 

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【Objective】 To observe the changes of serum 25-(OH)D₃ in newborns in different gestation ages,to know nutritional status of the vitamin D,and study exogenous vitamin D supplements. 【Methods】 Ninety-five newborns were studied.All the newborns were divided into three groups according to gestational age:Group A had 30 newborns(GA≤33 weeks),Group B had 34 newborns(33 weeks<GA<37 weeks),Group C had 31 newborns(37 weeks≤GA<42 weeks).Serum 25-(OH)D₃ was measured within 1 d,14 d,30 d after birth. 【Results】 The mean serum 25-(OH)D₃ concentration[(35.03±9.72) nmol/ L] of A group were lower than the mean serum 25-(OH)D₃ concentration of B and C group[(41.31±11.35) nmol/L,(42.05±15.93) nmol/L] (P<0.05)1 d after birth.76.8%,53.7% and 75.8% of newborns had vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-(OH)D₃ levels ＜50 nmol/L)in 1 d,14 d and 30 d after birth. 【Conclusion】 The vitamin D deficiency of newborns is common,and the vitamin D should be supplied as early as after birth.

Arsenic levels in umbilical cord blood and its effect on neonatal growth and development.

LI Hui,WU wei,WU Mei-qin,CAO Lu-lu,ZHAO Li,LIU Jun-xia,YAN Chong-huai

2012, 20(2):  132-134. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the level of arsenic (As) exposure during the fetal period in Shanghai,and analyze the relationship between neonatal physical growth indicators and arsenic levels in umbilical cord blood. 【Methods】 Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from pregnant women in Shanghai during October 2008 and October 2009.The arsenic levers in umbilical cord blood were measured by inductively coupled plasma emission mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS).The birth weight (BW),birth length (BL) and head circumference (HC) of the newborns delivered to the subjects were measured and the association of arsenic exposure with physical growth indicators was assessed by linear correlation analyses. 【Results】 291 umbilical cord blood were collected and measured,the maximum of total As was 24.87 μg/L,and the minimum was 1.81 μg/L,the geometric mean of total As in umbilical cord blood was (5.48±3.49) μg/L,Median was 5.42μg/L.In this range of exposure,there were no dose-effect associations between BW,BL and As levels,both in boys and girls.However,significant positive dose effects were found with As levels and HC in boys (r=0.25,P=0.004). 【Conclusion】 The level of arsenic during fetal period is low in Shanghai,and it found that there is no effect on BW and BL in this range of arsenic exposure.

Experimental study of the effects of lead exposure of pregnant rat on emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats.

ZHOU Jian-ping,WANG Fan,YANG Yu-feng,ZHANG Jun,YANG Lin,HUANG Jian-feng

2012, 20(2):  135-138. 

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【Objective】 To explore the effects of lead exposure of pregnant rat on emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats. 【Methods】 Female pregnant Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into low dose lead exposure group(LG) and high dose lead exposure group(HG) by drinking 0.1% or 0.2% lead acetate dissolved by three distilled water,the normal control group(NG) pregnant rats drank three distilled water.With open field test (OFT),passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) test,the varieties of emotion,behavior,learning and memory were observed in 9~12 male filial rats from HG,LG or NG group. 【Results】 In OFT,the scores of running across squares decreased(36.48±7.24)(F=11.65,P<0.01),the times of standing up by hind legs declined(10.61±3.54)(F=9.49,P<0.01) and the number of dung increased(19.42±3.46)(F=7.27,P<0.01) in filial rats with lead exposure of mother pregnant rats.The results implied that lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the emotion and behavior in their filial rats.In PAT,increasing times of mistakes (10.38±1.89)(F=8.69,P<0.01) and shortening memory latency [(176.41±41.89)s](F=6.48,P<0.01) were found in lead exposure filial rats.The data suggested that lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the immediate learning and memory in their filial rats.In Morris water maze test,the prolonged escape latencies of searching the platform(F=4.61,P<0.05),the poor searching strategy (χ²=41.89,P<0.01),the short duration of searching in the platform area (F=6.32,P<0.01) and low frequency swimming above the platform (F=7.13,P<0.01) were found in lead exposure filial rats.The data showed lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair the spatial learning and memory in their filial rats. 【Conclusion】 Lead exposure of pregnant rat can impair emotion,behavior,learning and memory in filial rats.

Prevalence of anemia and its relation to nutritional status of 0~2 years old children in Minhang district.

HUANG Jun,LI Yun,ZHANG Ying,YAO Yi,CHENG Wen

2012, 20(2):  154-156. 

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【Objective】 To evaluate the prevalence of anemia and its relation to nutritional status of children aged 0~2 years in Minhang distract. 【Methods】 Using stratified cluster sampling,72 149 children aged 2 years and born in 2008 were chosen from Minhang children health care system.And the children physical examination data were analyzed retrospectively. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of anemia in 0~2 years old children in Minhang distract was 1.81%.There was a greater proportion of anemia in six months old children.The prevalence rate of anemia in 0~2 years old children under different nutritional status in Minhang distract from high to low were obese children,overweight children,malnourished children and nourished children.The prevalence risk of anemia in overweight children was 3.14 times higher than that in nourished children.The prevalence risk of anemia in obese children was 3.27 times higher than that in nourished children.The prevalence rate of obesity and overweight in 72 194 children was 0.84% and 10.23%.The ratio of obese children and overweight children was 12.17 to 1. 【Conclusions】 The prevalence of anemia in Minhang distract is rather low,but overweight and obese people are high-risk groups to anemia.To control and prevent the prevalence of obesity and overweight is important work to prevent people from anemia in Minhang distract.

Dependablity between the levels of serum gastrin and feeding quantity in premature infants.

WANG Hao-wen,XU Dong-bao,HUANG Jin-bao,ZHU Xuan-jiao,HUANG Wei,HU Hai-ying

2012, 20(2):  156-158. 

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【Objective】 To explore dependablity between the levels of serum gastrin and feeding quantity in premature infants. 【Methods】 42 cases of the premature infants were divided into the two groups:the observe group,which 22 cases of neonatus with feeding intolerance,and the controled group,which 20 cases of neonatus without feeding intolerance.Two groups were detected serum gastrin in 24 h and after 7 days respectively and were observed in clinical condition improved treatment after a week. 【Results】 The levels of the serum GAS and the amount of feeding(Per kilogram of body weight)in premature infants with feeding intolerance were significently lower in 24 h than those in the control group(P<0.05),then they were not significantly different between the two groups after 7 days(P>0.05).The time to establish complete enteral nutrition,days to regain birth weight were significently longer in the observe group than those in the control group,however,the horizontal peak value of total bilirubin of serum and the levels of serum prealbumin were no significant difference between the two groups.None of the two groups have the severe complications such as the necrotized enterocolitis and the inhaled pneumonia.In group 2,there was a positive correlation between the levels of the serum GAS and the amount of feeding(Per kilogram of body weight)(r=0.589,P<0.01). 【Conclusions】 The levels of serum GAS is in close relation with emergence of the function disorder of gastrointestinal tract.The Minimal feeding can promote gastrointestinal developing ripeness.

Clustering analysis of feeding problem in children aged 6 to 24 months in Lanzhou.

LIU Yue-fen

2012, 20(2):  159-161. 

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【Objective】 Through an in-depth understanding the pattern of the occurrence,development and prognosis of children dietary problems,the understanding about children dietary problems becomes more clear,and to further improve the effect of children feeding guidance. 【Method】 According to the study standards,202 children aged from 6 months to 24 months in Lanzhou urban were investigated with Chinese Infants Feeding Intolerance Rating Scale which was standardized by Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital of Hubei Province. 【Results】 1)There were different types of children feeding problems using clustering analysis.The problems were grouped three types:children resisting diet passively,children accepting diet passively and derivative problem.2)There was significant correlation between these three problems and age (χ²=29.335,P<0.05).The highest percentage of the pattern of resisting passively was the group aged 6 to 10 months,the proportion of 76.5%~77.4%,and the lowest of percentage was the group aged 19 to 21 months,the proportion of 29%;the constituent ratio and the direction of change between the pattern of resisting passively and accepting passively were broadly opposite;the derivative problem was in between.The constituent ratio of three problems appeared an obvious joint in the group aged 19 to 21 months. 【Conclusions】 The problem of children feeding has significant features,so the intervention of dietary behaviors should be assessed scientifically and guided separately.The feeding of children has the significant characteristics of age.The intervention of dietary behaviors should combine the characteristics of the physical and mental development of children,monitor systematically,and timely intervene.

Analysis of the bone mineral density and influencing factors in children with congential hypothyroidism treated with L-thyroxine.

SHAO Qin,LI Jiang-ying,WANG Shi-hua

2012, 20(2):  161-163. 

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【Objective】 To observe the bone mineral density (BMD) in children with congential hypothyroidism (CH) detected by neonatal screening program and analyze the effects of the disease itself or therapy factors on BMD. 【Method】 BMD was measured in 30 young children (1~2 years old) with CH and 68 normal children controls. 【Results】 There was no significant difference between the patients and controls for BMD.The BMD of the CH patients had significant correlation with the severity of thyroid gland hypoplasia and FT₄ level at the time of CH were diagnosed. 【Conclusions】 The BMD of the children with CH are with the normal range.The severity of thyroid gland hypoplasia and FT₄ level at the time of CH diagnosed have significant effects on BMD.

Investigation of current situation of complementary feeding,growth and development of infants.

ZHANG Ya-guo,RAN Yu-chen,LI Wei,YE Ru-xia,HUANG Mei-lin

2012, 20(2):  163-166. 

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【Objective】 To investigate general situation of complementary feeding of infants in Chengdu and compare the impacts to the physical growth of infants causing by the time of complementary feeding. 【Methods】 Datas of infants born in the period from January toDecember of 2009,who have had the physical examination at Department of Child Health Care of Sichuan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,were collected retrospectively,to longitudinally monitor the values of weight and height as well as the head circumference.In the meanwhile,the information about feeding was also checked and recorded. 【Results】 91.78% of parents added complementary food to the infants during their 4~6 months,and 78.6% of parents chose cereal as their first solid food.The figures of weight and height of group 4~6months were higher,averagely,than those of group <4 months in the time of 4,6,12 month.And the monthly increment of weight and height figures of group <4 months was lower than those of group 4~6 months from 1~4 months. 【Conclusions】 In the urban area of Chengdu,the problems exist that the first solid food is not correctly chosen as well as the time when adding the solid food is not appropriate among the few infants.Moreover,it also concludes that the time when adding the solid food is relative with physical growth.

Study of gender gaps in child health care services.

ZHANG Shao-qiang,ZHANG Ling,CHEN Wen-ying,FENG Wen-cheng,XIA Hong-bo

2012, 20(2):  166-168. 

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【Objective】 To understand the use of child health services between gender in Longgang district of Shenzhen,thereby providing a scientific basis for perfecting maternal and child health service system and improving the state of reproductive health services. 【Methods】 Stratified random sampling method was used to select 180 children under 2 years old from Longgang district,Shenzhen City as participants in this study,then to learn gender difference in child health care services among them by face-to-face questionnaire. 【Results】 94.08% of children were breastfeeding,the difference in the rate of breast feeding and the start time between sexes had no statistical significance.86.67% of children had a regular health check-up,and the check-up rate of boys was higher than that of girls (χ²=5.588,P=0.018),93.94% of children conducted a regularly vaccination.The difference in the rate of Planned Immunity between sexes had no statistical significance. 【Conclusions】 Gender issues affects the use of child health services,and the theory "women are equal to men" should be incorporated into maternal and child health care system,so as to improve the state of reproductive health services.

Influencing factors and preventing measures of infant malnutrition in rural areas of Cixi city.

FENG Jin-yan,QIAN Li-wen

2012, 20(2):  168-171. 

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【Objective】 To find out the prevalence and influencing factors of infant malnutrition for planning of future nutrition improvement of infants in rural areas of Cixi city. 【Methods】 Multistage sampling was used to choose infants under 3 years old from rural areas. Length and weight were measured for all infants,and their parents were investigated about the background of each infant. 【Result】 Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that boys,twins,getting older,premature birth,low birth weight,disease,poor,aged parents,low parents' education level,flouting out-for-job parents were risk factors to infant malnutrition. 【Conclusions】 Rural medicine should be improved,while rural economic is improved.Maternity and child care should be reinforce to decrease premature birth and low birth weight rate,popularize scientific nurture.

Investigation of multifocal visual evoked potential in strabismic and anisometropic amblyopes.

LIU Hui,CHEN Xia

2012, 20(2):  171-174. 

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【Objective】 To study the characteristic changes of multifocal VEP in strabismic and anisometropic amblyopes,and evaluate the mechanism of amblyopia. 【Methods】 The multifocal pattern VEP of both eyes of 30 strabismic amblyopes,31 anisometropic amblyopes and 30 normal subjects were recorded by VERIS ScienceTM4.2 multifocal visual evoked response imaging system made of America EDI company.The latencies and amplitudes of P waves were analysed.Changes were investigated by comparing the amblyopic eyes,the fellow eyes of the patients and the normal eyes. 【Results】 At six eccentricities the amplitudes of P waves of the amblyopic eyes were reduced and the latencies of P waves were markedly prolonged compared with the fellow eyes and the normal eyes.The mean amplitude of mVEP in the nasal retinal hemifields was smaller than in the temporal retinal hemifields in strabismic amblyopes. 【Conclusion】 Different types of amblyopia may have different neural mechanisms,the results suggest that multifocal VEP could be used in instructing the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia.

Management situation analyses about 230 sickliness children.

WANG Jing-bo,LI Er

2012, 20(2):  177-179. 

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【Objective】 To realize the occurrence of attractors among the sickliness children,and know the difficulties and problems about basic-level hospitals in managementing the sickliness children,then discusses the better management methods. 【Method】 The data collected about the sickliness children between January 2008 and December 2009 in our children-care outpatient clinic,then analyzed them by entrying into SPSS statistical package 16.0. 【Results】 In these 230 cases congenital heart disease accounted 76 cases (accounted for 33.04%), anemia 56 cases (accounted for 24.35%),premature birth or born underweight 48 cases accounted for 20.87%),they were all no significant gender differences.As the incidence analysis,local children were significantly higher than the floating children. And sickliness children rated in migrant children. 【Conclusion】 The emphases and difficulty should be understood on management in basic-level hospitals of sickliness children,then more attentions should be paid in their perinatal stage to strengthen the infant nutrition guidance,reduce the incidence of sickliness children and improve their quality of life.

Analysis of the birth surveillance in Luwan district of Shanghai in 2004-2010.

WANG Yi,WU Jian-hua,PAN Ming-di,YUAN Jia-lin,GAO Shu-na

2012, 20(2):  179-181. 

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【Objective】 To understand birth variety and tendency among residents in Luwan district of Shanghai and provide scientict proves for population development,after analysing the birth supervision system. 【Methods】 A describing analysis was done using the data from the birth monitoring system.The crude birth rate,total fertility rate,birth sexual ratio of mail to femail,caesarean birth rate and index for the month of birth were analyzed by SPSS. 【Result】 From 2004 to 2010,the crude birth rate of registered residents in Luwan district in Shanghai was up from 4.00‰ to 6.26‰.The birth sexual ratio of male to female was from 98.50 to 116.48.The blooming procreate age groups of ladies were 25~34 years old.The average age of pregnant women was between 28~29 years old;From 2004 to 2010,more babies were birth in September to November than other months.The rate of caesarean birth was from 63.35% to 70.81%. 【Conclusion】 The Luwan district is at a peak birth period,and effective measures should be taken to promote maternal and neonatal health standards.More attention should be paid to the high rate of caesarean birth and the women who are pregnant later in life.

Analysis of 45 cases of neonatal touch intervention on premature infants with feeding difficulties.

ZHANG Li-fei,ZHANG Hui-juan

2012, 20(2):  182-183. 

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【Objective】 To observe and compare the curative effect between neonatal touch intervention and low-dose erythromycin treatment on premature infants with feeding difficulties. 【Methods】 90 cases of premature infants with feeding difficulties, which were admitted by the third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from October 2006 to October 2011,were divided into the experiment group and the control group randomly.Both groups were given with conventional treatments, like warm keeping,postures therapy, partial parenteral nutrition,etc.On the basis of conventional therapy,the experiment group was given extra neonatal touch intervention for 3~5 days,and the control group was given extra low-dose of erythromycin 3~5 mg/kg intravenous infusion for 3~5 days. 【Result】 There was no significant statistically difference (P>0.05) between the experiment group and the control group in course of treatment,vomiting,gastric residual volume, and daily increased milk sucking. 【Conclusions】 Neonatal touch intervention has equivalent curative effect as low-dose erythromycin treatment for premature infants with feeding difficulties.The neonatal touch intervention can be promoted in clinical care to premature infants with feeding difficulties,which can reduce the unnecessary harm to premature infants from drug usage.

Assessment of dietary and nutritional status in children with nephrotic syndrome.

LIU Rui-ping,ZHANG Hai-jin,BAO Ying,LEI Jin-li,FENG Zhan-wei,LI Hua

2012, 20(2):  183-186. 

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【Objective】 To make an ideal nutrition therapy protocol by assessing the dietary and nutritional status of children with nephrotic syndrome. 【Method】 The nutritional status of 89 children (3~6 years old) who were diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome were evaluated by dietary survey,physical examination and biochemical assay. 【Results】 The energy supply were not enough in part of the children and the intakes of carbohydrate were lower than the RNIs in younger groups.Dietary protein was not reasonable in both intake and its source.There were high or low intakes of lipids in part of the children (41%).The intakes were not enough apparently in vitamin A,calcium,iron and zinc in all children.It was lower in total serum protein and albumin but higher in total cholesterol and triglyceride than normal value in all children. 【Conclusions】 The intakes of host of nutrients are not reasonable,protein malnutrition and metabolic disorder of lipids are serious in children with nephrotic syndrome.Therefore,a comprehensive nutrition intervention to them is conductive to the rehabilitation of the disease as soon as possible.

Refractive status among 2 032 pre-school children in Maanshan city.

WANG Hong,HOU Sai,ZHANG Xiu-jun,XU Ye-qing,YAN Shuang-qin,LIU Ming-fang,LI Yun,SHAO Rong,QIN Qi-rong,GAO Guo-peng,HUANG Wei,GE Xiao-jiao

2012, 20(2):  189-191. 

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【Objective】 To understand the status of refractive errors in pre-school children so as to provide scientific basis for making reasonable intervention strategy. 【Methods】 A total of 2 032 children aged 6 month~6 years old from daily outpatient clinics and nursery schools in Maanshan city were chosen by cluster sampling.Then their refractive statuses were measured suresight hand-hold refractomter, meanwhile handed out self-administrated questionnaire to the parents to investigated their knowledge and actions about protecting their children's visions. 【Results】 In pre-school children the rate of refractive errors was 31.1%.The mainly type of refractive errors was astigmatism.With the increase of the age,the rate of refractive errors decreased in 6 months~6 years old children.The rate of refractive errors in live scattered children was significantly higher than those in nursery and kindergarten children.The rate in local children was significantly higher than those in nonlocal children.The understand rate of knowledge about vision protecting in parents was low, and the protecting action was lack. 【Conclusion】 The rate of refractive errors is low among pre-school children in Maanshan city,health care department, education institution and parents should take more attention and strengthen cooperation to protect the children's visions.