Objective To know the situation and the relevant factors of hypertension of children in Shandong and to provide evidence for preventing child hypertension. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was used to extract 6 895 students aged 7~17 years to measure the blood pressure and its relative indicators.SPSS 13.0 software was used for data analysis. Results The mean systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure both increased with ages;the boys was higher than girls (P<0.001).The prevalence rate of child hypertension was 23.0% according to the blood pressure standard of Chinese children,and boys was higher than girls;the cities was higher than rural areas;children aged 13~17 years was higher than those of 7~12 years;children of overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity was higher than normal ones (P<0.001).Partial correlation analysis showed blood pressure was positively correlated with body height,body weight,bust,waist circumference,skinfold thickness,waist to height ratio,body mass index,heart rate and vital capacity (P<0.05),and was negatively correlated with vital capacity weight index (P<0.01).The correlation coefficient between blood pressure and body weight was the largest.Compared to children with normal blood pressure,the children of hypertension were taller and fatter,but with weaker lung functions. Conclusions Overweight,obesity and abdominal obesity are important risk factors of child hypertension.