Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a combined intervention model incorporating physical activity and health behavior guidance on childhood overweight and obesity, in order to provide evidence for obesity intervention strategies in children. Method From April to June 2023, 466 overweight and obese children from grade two to four in three primary schools in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, were selected as study subjects. Two schools were randomly designated as intervention schools and one as a control school. Children in intervention schools underwent a 3-month program of physical activity and health behavior guidance, whereas those in the control school received standard health education and basic weight monitoring. Physical examinations and physical fitness indicators test were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Independent samples t-tests and stratified analysis by grade and gender were conducted to compare the outcomes. Results Compared to the control school, children in intervention schools exhibited a significant decrease in body mass index (BMI) post-intervention, with statistically significant differences observed across grade two and four, and both genders (t＝2.25, 2.33, 2.64, 2.25, P＜0.05). Waist circumference (t＝1.77, 2.34, 3.01, 3.16, 2.72, P＜0.05) and waist-to-height ratio (t＝2.71, 3.19, 4.16, 4.47, 4.14, P＜0.05) also significantly decreased post-intervention in all grades and genders at intervention schools. Furthermore, blood pressure showed more notable reductions post-intervention in intervention schools, with statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure across grades two and three, and both genders (t＝2.26, 2.83, 3.03, 2.59, P＜0.05), and in diastolic blood pressure for grades two and four, as well as boys (t＝2.41, 3.88, 4.10, P＜0.05). Conclusion The joint intervention of exercise and health behavior guidance demonstrates a substantial positive effect on improving obesity-related indicators in children.
Key words
overweight /
obesity /
exercise intervention /
health education /
children
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