【目的】 了解武汉市江汉区0~18月龄婴幼儿母乳喂养及食物转换现状,为制定改善婴幼儿喂养的干预措施提供科学依据。 【方法】 整群随机抽取武汉市江汉区两个社区,将常住的0~18月龄婴幼儿作为调查对象,对其抚养人进行婴幼儿喂养情况的问卷调查。 【结果】 ＜4个月、4~6月、6~9月、9~12月婴儿的母乳喂养率分别为:80.95%、66.67%、45.46%和26.61%;断乳的首要原因为母乳不足(74.29%);＜4个月、4~6月、6~9月、9~12月婴儿的食物转换率分别为:12.70%、58.82%、99.09%和99.08%;在已引入辅食的婴儿中,60.39%的婴儿首次引入时间在4~6月;动物性辅食的引入频率较低。 【结论】 婴儿母乳喂养率有待提高,食物转换方面存在转换时间不合理及动物性辅食引入频率较低的问题,应进一步开展母乳喂养及食物转换的宣传教育,指导抚养人进行科学喂养,以促进婴幼儿健康。

【Objective】 To learn about the status of breastfeeding and food switching among infants and young children of 0~18 months old in Jianghan district of Wuhan and provide the scientific basis for intervention to improve feeding practice of children. 【Methods】 With cluster random sampling, two communities were selected in Jianghan District where infants and young children of 0~18 months old were chosen as the objects of this study. Interview their caregivers were interviewed with questionnaires about feeding. 【Results】 The rates of breastfeeding among 0~4 months, 4~6 months, 6~9 months, 9~12 months were 80.95%, 66.67%, 45.46% and 26.61% respectively. The main reason of weaning was shortage of breast milk (74.29%). The rate of food switching among 0~4 months, 4~6 months, 6~9 months and 9~12 months were 12.70%, 58.82%, 99.09% and 99.08% respectively. The rate of food switching among 4~6 months was lower than the result in 2005. The time of food switching was mainly among 4~6 months(60.39%).The introduction frequency of animal food was relatively low. 【Conclusions】 It is need to promote breastfeeding among infants. The time of food switching is not reasonable and the introduction of animal food is poor. It is necessary to improve feeding among infants and young children through education about breastfeeding and food switching to enhance health of infants and young children.