目的 探究上海市青春期早期青少年身体满意度与抑郁症状的关联,为青少年心理健康促进提供依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,于2017年11~12月对上海市3所初中的6~8年级1 704名学生进行调查,通过匿名电子问卷收集数据,采用身体满意度量表和抑郁症状量表收集研究对象的身体满意度和抑郁症状情况。结果 青少年身体满意度平均分数为(23.03±4.68)分(得分范围7~35分),青少年身体满意度在不同性别、主要照看人不同教育水平和不同感知的学习成绩之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。青少年抑郁症状平均得分为(15.94±5.05)分(得分范围6~30分),青少年抑郁症状在不同性别、不同年龄、是否独生子女、是否与父母分居、以及不同感知的学习成绩之间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归结果显示,身体满意度与抑郁症状得分存在负相关且关联具有统计学意义(β=-0.35,P<0.05)。不同性别青少年身体满意度与抑郁症状得分的关联存在差异(男生:β=-0.30,女生:β=-0.40),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 青春期早期青少年身体满意度与抑郁症状存在负相关,提高身体满意度可能有利于减少青少年的抑郁情绪。
Abstract
Objective To explore the association between body satisfaction and depressive symptoms among early adolescents in Shanghai, in order to provide evidence for the promotion of mental health among adolescents. Methods A total of 1 704 students from grade 6 to 8 in 3 junior middle schools in Shanghai were recruited into this study from November to December in 2017 by stratified cluster sampling method.Data were collected by anonymous self-administered electronic questionnaire, and the body satisfaction scale and depressive symptom scale were used to collect the body satisfaction and depressive symptoms of the subjects. Results The average score of body satisfaction was 23.03±4.68, ranging from 7 to 35.There were significant differences in body satisfaction score among adolescents with different genders, education level of primary caregivers and perceived academic performance (P<0.05).The average score of depressive symptoms in adolescents was 15.94±5.05, ranging from 6 to 30.There were statistically significant differences in depressive symptoms score among adolescents with different genders, age, whether they were the only child, whether they were separated from their parents and perceived academic performance (P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that body satisfaction was negatively correlated with scores of depressive symptoms and the association was statistically significant (β=-0.35, P<0.05).There was significant difference in the associations between body satisfaction and depressive symptom scores in adolescents of different genders (boys:β=-0.30, girls:β=-0.40), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion There is a significant negative association between body satisfaction and depressive symptoms in early adolescence, improving body satisfaction may help reduce depressive mood in adolescents.
关键词
身体满意度 /
抑郁症状 /
精神卫生 /
青少年
Key words
body satisfaction /
depressive symptoms /
mental health /
adolescents
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基金
国家卫生健康委员会计划生育药具重点实验室科技创新导向项目(CX2017-05);世界卫生组织项目(ERC0003027)
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