南通市中小学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-0174

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解江苏省南通市中小学生脊柱侧弯患病情况及其影响因素,为开展脊柱侧弯干预提供参考依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2021年在南通市崇川区和启东市抽取12所小学、中学的4 196名学生为调查对象,进行脊柱检查和脊柱侧弯相关影响因素调查。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析中小学生脊柱侧弯的影响因素。结果南通市中小学生脊柱侧弯检出率为3.69%(155/4 196),胸段、腰胸段、腰段侧弯检出率分别为1.36%(57/4 196)、1.67%(70/4 196)和1.91%(80/4 196)。中小学生脊柱侧弯检出率与近视、学段、体育课频率、过去7d内达到60min以上中高强度运动的天数、每天白天户外活动时间、睡眠时间、室内静坐时间以及学生对坐姿、站姿的自我要求不同有关(P＜0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,初中(OR=2.781,P=0.006)、高中(OR=2.819,P=0.009)阶段是中小学生脊柱侧弯的危险因素;体育课频率≥每周4节/周(OR=0.432,P=0.003)、过去7d内达到60min以上中高强度运动≥3d(OR=0.676,P=0.045)、每天睡眠7~＜9h(OR=0.551,P=0.003)是中小学生脊柱侧弯的保护因素。结论南通市中小学生脊柱侧弯情况不容忽视,学段、体育课频率、睡眠时间等是脊柱侧弯阳性的影响因素,应针对这些影响因素对学生进行干预,以降低脊柱侧弯发生率。

关键词: 青少年, 脊柱侧弯, 中小学生

Abstract: Objective To understand the detection rate of scoliosis and its influencing factors among primary and secondary students in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide reference basis for the development of scoliosis intervention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 4 196 students from 12 primary and middle schools in Chongchuan and Qidong District of Nantong City in 2021. The students were investigated for spinal examinations and influencing factors of adolescent scoliosis. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk and protective factors of adolescent scoliosis in students. Results The detection rate of adolescent scoliosis in primary and middle school students in Nantong was 3.69% (155/4 196), and the detection rates of thoracic, lumbar thoracic and lumbar scoliosis were 1.36% (57/4 196), 1.67% (70/4 196) and 1.91% (80/4 196), respectively. The detection rate of adolescent scoliosis significantly varied among primary and middle school students, which was related to whether myopia or not, different grades and different frequency of physical education classes, days with high-intensity exercise above 60min in the past week, daily outdoor time, sleep time, indoor sedentary time, as well as students' different self-requirements for sitting and standing positions(P＜0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school (OR=2.781) and senior high school (OR=2.819) were risk factors for adolescent scoliosis, while physical education classes frequency ≥ 4 sessions a week (OR=0.432), days with high-intensity exercise above 60min in the past week≤3days and daily sleep duration of 7 - <9 hours (OR=0.551) were protective factors against scoliosis. Conclusions The situation of adolescent scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Nantong City should not be ignored.The influencing factors for adolescent scoliosis include academic grade, frequency of physical education classes and sleep time etc. Interventions are of great significance to be targeted at these factors to reduce the incidence of scoliosis among students.

Key words: adolescen, scoliosis, primary and middle school students

中图分类号:

R179

任庆新, 安娜, 黄建萍, 陈睿, 张卫兵, 吴越. 南通市中小学生脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2024, 32(8): 868-874.

REN Qingxin, AN Na, HUANG Jianping, CHEN Rui, ZHANG Weibing, WU Yue. Current situation and health influencing factors of adolescent scoliosis among primary and middle school students aged 6 to 20 in Nantong City[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(8): 868-874.

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