目的 探究父亲及其运动养育特征对学龄前儿童身体活动水平的影响,为加强父亲在身体活动干预中的角色提供依据。方法 2020年10月—2021年1月,采用方便整群抽样方法,选取我国8个城市40家幼儿园,共1 346名由父亲主要养育的学龄前儿童。收集家庭人口学信息,采用《学龄前儿童园外运动行为问卷》收集儿童每日身体活动情况与父亲运动养育特征。使用单因素分析、并构建二元Logistic回归模型,分析父亲运动养育特征与儿童身体活动的关系。结果 父亲年龄每增长1岁,儿童户外活动和总活动达标率分别下降3%和2%(OR=0.97~0.98,95%CI:0.96~1.00,P＜0.05);父亲学历本科以上的儿童,其屏幕时间和户外达标率分别是父亲学历本科以下儿童的1.48和1.38倍(OR=1.38~1.48,95%CI:1.07~1.98,P＜0.05);父亲BMI正常的儿童,其中高强度和总活动达标率分别是超重肥胖父亲儿童的1.33和1.28倍(OR=1.28~1.33,95%CI:1.02~1.67,P＜0.05);运动养育观念每增加1分,儿童户外、中高强度和总活动达标率增加5%~10%(OR=1.05~1.10,95%CI:1.00~1.15,P＜0.05);运动行为每增加1分,儿童户外活动时间和每日中高强度活动时间达标率均增加4%(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.01~1.07,P＜0.05)。结论 父亲运动养育特征可能影响学龄前儿童身体活动水平。父亲BMI正常、运动养育观念和运动行为良好是改善学龄前儿童身体活动水平的有效干预手段。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the influence of fathers and their parenting characteristics related to physical activity on the physical activity levels of preschool children, in order to provide a basis for enhancing the role of fathers in physical activity interventions. Methods From October 2020 to January 2021, a convenience cluster sampling method was employed to select 40 kindergartens across 8 cities in China, involving a total of 1 346 preschool children primarily raised by their fathers. Family demographic information was collected, and the Preschool Physical Activity Questionnaire (P-PAQ) was used to investigate the children's physical activity and fathers' parenting characteristics related to physical activity. Results For each additional year in the father's age, the compliance rates of children's outdoor activities and total physical activity decreased by 3% and 2%, respectively (OR=0.97 - 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96 - 1.00, P<0.05). Children whose fathers had a bachelor's degree or higher had screen time and outdoor activity compliance rates that were 1.48 and 1.38 times higher, respectively, than those whose fathers had less than a bachelor's degree (OR=1.38 - 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.98, P<0.05). Children with fathers of normal body mas index (BMI) had moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and total physical activity compliance rates that were 1.33 and 1.28 times higher, respectively, than those with overweight or obese fathers (OR=1.28 - 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02 - 1.67, P<0.05). For each additional point in the father's physical activity parenting beliefs, the compliance rates of children's outdoor, moderate-to-vigorous, and total physical activity increased by 5% - 10% (OR=1.05 - 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.15, P<0.05). For each additional point in the father's physical activity behavior, the compliance rates of children's outdoor time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity increased by 4% (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 - 1.07, P<0.05). Conclusions Fathers' parenting characteristics related to physical activity may influence the physical activity levels of preschool children. Fathers with normal BMI, positive physical activity parenting beliefs, and good physical activity behaviors could serve as effective intervention strategies to improve the physical activity levels of preschool children.
关键词
父亲运动养育特征 /
学龄前儿童 /
身体活动
Key words
fathers parenting characteristics related to physical activity /
preschool children /
physical activity
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基金
高层次公共卫生技术人才建设专项经费(学科带头人-01-17);北京市属医学科研院所公益发展改革试点项目(京医研BMR2021-3)
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