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Table of Content

    10 January 2015, Volume 23 Issue 1
    Study on DUOXA2 gene mutation in patients with congenital hypothyroidism and goiter.
    LIU Lu,LI Hui-chao,CHAI Jian,SHAO Hui-ying,YI Ming-ji,CHEN Pei-jie,LIU Shi-guo,YAN Sheng-li
    2015, 23(1):  7-10.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-03
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    Objective To investigate the dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2) mutations in patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and goiter from Shandong province,China,and to give solid theoretical basis for prenatal diagnosis and gene therapy of CH. Methods A total of 55 patients of CH with goiter and 100 healthy individuals were enrolled,and extracted Genomic DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes.All exons of DUOXA2 gene were amplified by PCR,the products were directly sequenced to find new mutations types of DUOXA2 gene,and χ2 test was used. Results A homozygous nonsense mutation (c.C738G) of DUOXA2 gene was identified in one patient,and a SNP (rs2576092,IVS4+6 C>T) in intron 4 was found in 10 CH patients and 13 healthy controls.There was no significant difference between the SNP rate in CH patients and controls(P>0.05). Conclusion The mutation rate of DUOXA2 gene is very low,which suggests that DUOXA2 gene mutation may not be the main cause of CH with goiter patients from Shandong province.
    Correlation analysis between children asthma exacerbation and air pollution and meteorological factors in Wenzhou city.
    CHEN Xiao-cong,WU Hong-juan,LI Jin-yan
    2015, 23(1):  11.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-04
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    Objective To explore the relationship between children asthma exacerbation and air pollution and meteorological factors in Wenzhou city. Methods The data of hospitalized children with asthma exacerbation were collected in Wenzhou city from July 2013 to June 2014 and the data of the local air pollution and meteorological factors were collected in the same period too.Then the relationship between asthma exacerbation number and air pollution and meteorological factors were analyzed by straight line correlation,multi-variant linear stepwise regression methods. Results Asthma exacerbation number seemed to go up as air pollution got worse.Inhalable particles (pm10) was the major impact index and had the most significant correlation with the number asthma exacerbation children. Conclusions pm10 is an important factor to affect children developing asthma exacerbation in Wenzhou city,especially to cases of simple asthma exacerbation.Environmental protection should be done well to reduce the incidence of asthma exacerbation in children.
    Prenatal diagnosis of α thalassemia gene for the fetus of couples with the α thalassemia in Hui zhou city.
    ZHU Xiao-jie,LIU Yu-peng,LIU Rui-yu,YU Xiao-yan,LIN Min,CHEN Jiang-tao,LI Xu-yan,HE Li
    2015, 23(1):  15-17.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-05
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    Objective To investigate incidence rate,mutation types and distribution characteristics of α thalassemia among the fetus of couples with the α thalassemia in Huizhou city,so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing and contro-ling thalassemia. Methods For 154 couples with gene mutation of α thalassemia,fetal villus tissues were collected at the first trimester,cord blood or amniotic fluid were collected at the second trimester,and cord blood were collected at the third trimester.Isitu cultivation was performed for cells in amniotic fluid and villus tissues.Hematology and hemoglobin analysis were performed for cord blood.αthalassemia gene were detected for tissues before and after cultivation or for cord blood. Results Among 154 fetuses,18 cases were definitely diagnosed with severe α thalassemia which accounted for 11.69%,and 75 cases were carriers which accounted for 48.70%,9 cases were definitely diagnosed with HbH disease which accounted for 5.84%,50 cases were healthy which accounted for 32.47%.One case was double heterozygote,the other case was homozygous. Conclusion This study shows incidence rate,mutation types and distribution characteristics of α thalassenlia among the fetus of couples with α thalassemia,which provides a scientific basis for prevention of thalassemia in Hui zhou city.
    Study on parenting locus of control and medication adherence in children with asthma.
    ZHANG Nan,WANG Ai-min,YU Gui-ling,SHI Lei,XU Wen-lin,YANG Fu-guo
    2015, 23(1):  18-20.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-06
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    Objective To study parenting locus of control and the medication adherence,to investigate the factors affecting medication adherence in children with asthma,and to provide basis for intervention measure for improve the adherence of medication. Methods A total of 209 children with asthma were enrolled from September 2013 to December 2013 and were divided into 2 groups with Morisky Medication Adherence Scale:nonadherence group and adherence group.Univariate and binary regression analysis were used to compare the differences of 19 indicators including Parenting Locus of Control Scale (PLOC) and ages,the mastery of inhalation technique and so on between the two group to find out the main factors influencing the medication adherence. Results According to the univariate analysis,the age,course of the disease,income of the family,education level of the main caregivers,the parents knowledge,the mastery of inhalation technique,the use of peak flow meter,worry about the side effect,onset times,emergency times and PLOC were different between the two groups(P<0.01).The binary regression analysis showed that the parents knowledge,factor 3 and 5 of PLOC were the main factors which influenced the medication adherence(P<0.01). Conclusions The knowledge of the parents and the management of children are important for improving the medication adherence.The asthma children's family psychological and social support should be strengthened,and more effective management strategies and method were taken.
    Correlation analysis of the testing item of revised <China Developmental Scale for Children> and month age.
    JIN Chun-hua,ZHANG Li-li,ZHANG Yue,LI Na,WANG Jian-hong,WANG Xiao-yan,LI Rui-li,CHEN Bo-wen
    2015, 23(1):  21-23.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-07
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    Objective To understand the relation between month age and the testing item of the revised <China Developmental Scale for Children>. Method Children were sorted by month age and analysed by 5 dimensions and month age. Results Testing items were closely related to month age and had significant positive correlation.Correlation coefficient of 49.8% (130/261) items were greater than 0.7;Correlation coefficient of 44.1% (115/261) items were between 0.5 to 0.7;6.1%(16/261) items' correlation coefficient were less than 0.5.Ratio of high coefficient item in large margin movement,fine action,adaptive capacity,language,social behaviour were 70%(35/50),61.5%(32/52),32.0%(16/50),42.3%(26/55),38.9%(21/54). Conclusion Testing items in revised <China Developmental Scale for Children> are closely related and has significant positive correlation with month age,item sequence is accord with the characters of developmental scale.
    Effects of loneliness on the relation between childhood abuse and physical sub-health among middle school students in Bengbu.
    LI Hong-ying,GU Xuan,TANG Jian-jun,WAN Yu-hui,JIANG Ya-ting
    2015, 23(1):  24-27.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-08
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    Objective To understand the relationship between childhood abuse and physical sub-health,the mediating/moderating effects of loneliness among middle school students in Bengbu,and to improve the health status of adolescents. Methods A total of 5 116 adolescents in Bengbu were enrolled with method of stratified cluster random sampling.All the participants were investigated with Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents(MSQA),Child Trauma Questionnarire-Short Form(CTQ-SF) and UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results Totally 26.2% of the adolescents were reported in status of physical sub-health.The reporting rate of status of physical sub-health differed among different gender and study stages(P<0.05).Childhood abuse was positively correlated with loneliness (P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that girls,high loneliness,high childhood abuse and senior high school students were risk factors to physical sub-health (P<0.01).The partial mediating effect of loneliness on the relations between childhood abuse and physical sub-health was significant (30.27%).The moderating effect of loneliness on the relations between childhood abuse and physical sub-health was significant,with the severity of loneliness,childhood abuse was negative reinforcement to predict the physical sub-health. Conclusion Loneliness has the mediating/moderating effects in the relationship between childhood abuse and physical sub-health among middle school students.
    Meta-analysis of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for children with cerebral palsy.
    XU Man,WANG Jiao,LIU Xiao-hong
    2015, 23(1):  28-31.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-09
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    Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) for cerebral palsy (CP) and provide guidance for clinical applications. Methods From Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane library,CNKI,CBM,VIP,Wanfang databases,the randomized controlled studies of HBO for CP were included.Two individuals assessed the quality and extracted data.Statistical analysis was performed by RevMan5.2.7 software. Results A total of 10 studies with 1 111 patients were included in meta-analysis.Meta-analysis showed:HBO did not improve the motor function of children with CP (MD=-5.64,95%CI:-13.98~2.71,P=0.19),activities of daily living.It could ameliorate the muscle tension (RR=3.38,95%CI:2.05~5.58,P<0.05),and had a positive role in developmental quotient,which could improve the efficiency significantly (RR=1.31,95%CI:1.02~1.69,P=0.04) and reduce the inefficiency (RR=0.30,95%CI:0.19~0.50,P<0.001),but the original studies were poor quality with incredibility.In the process of HBO,middle ear barotraumas and earache were common. Conclusions The evidence that HBO could improve the function of the children with CP is insufficient,security also needed further study.More high quality studies in the future are necessary and needed to objective understanding.
    Expression and significance of serum miRNA-21 control HIF-1α in newborn with asphyxia.
    CHEN Hui-jun,YANG Ting-tong
    2015, 23(1):  32-34.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-10
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    Objective To study the expression and significance of serum miRNA-21 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-α) in newborns with asphyxia. Methods A total of 78 newborn infants were recruited in the study,including 49 newborn infants with asphyxia and 29 cases without asphyxia.In 24~48 h after birth,the serum miRNA-21 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Result The levels of serum miRNA-21 and HIF-1α in newborn infants with asphyxia were high than those of control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Serum miRNA-21 plays a role on the hypoxic brain damage after asphyxia by acting on the target genes of HIF-1α.The serum expression of miRNA-21 can be used as a marker in the early diagnosis of hypoxic brain damage after asphyxia.
    Study on two approaches of transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
    ZHANG Qin-fen,TU Wen-juan
    2015, 23(1):  35-38.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-11
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    Objectiv To compare the distribution and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUCMSCs) after the transplantation via the jugular vein and via the intraperitioneal injection,and investigate the effect of hUCMSCs transplantation on the recovery of neurological functions after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods The models of 7-day-old neonate rats with HIBD brain were established,and randomly assigned to:HIBD group (n=10),the intravenous injection group (n=15),the intraperitioneal injection group (n=15) and control group (n=10),the HIBD group and control group were not transplanted.The same amount hUCMSCs(1×106,0.2 mL)were transplanted into the intravenous injection group and the intraperitioneal injection group after 72 hours.Finally,brain tissues of rats were removed after 4% paraformaldehyde was perfused in cardiac to fix brain and successive sections were made using a cryomicrotome.Immunofluorescence staining was performed to examine the distribution of Dil-labeled hUCMSCs and expression of DCX. Results The transplantation descendants of hUCMSCs could migrate to the brain tissue,and could differentiate into neuronal precursor cells,and the intravenous injection group showed more Dil-labeled hUCMSCs in brain tissue. Conclusions Transplanted hUCMSCs can survive and differentiate in the HIBD rats' brain.The HUCMSCs can effectively accelerate the recovery of neurological functions after HIBD.And the experiment proved intravenous injection is better than intraperitioneal injection in repairing rats' brain function.
    Effect on learning and memory ability of hypoxic-ischemic rats of bone marrow stromal cells transplantation into the lateral ventricle.
    ZHONG Xiao-ming,MEI Xin-ming,HE Yan,LUO Kai-yuan,YU Hong
    2015, 23(1):  39-41.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-12
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    Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) on learning and memory ability of hypoxic ischemic rats and its related mechanism. Methods SD rats' BMSCs were cultured from femur in vitro,and labeled with BrdU,then implanted into 7 days old hypoxic-ischemic rats,the water maze experiment was tested after 8 weeks,then rats' brains were fixed,dehydrated,embedded,sliced,then did immunohistochemical staining and detected BrdU. Results Morris water maze showed T1 and T2 of the model group were shorter than those of the sham operation group (P<0.05).T1 and T2 of cell group were longer than those of the model group (P<0.05).The integral optical density(IOD) value of immunoreative positive cells of NSE in model group was significantly lower than that of sham operation group (P<0.05),IOD of cell group was higher than that of the model group (P<0.05).But BrdU positive substance in cell group was bare. Conclusions Implanted BMSCs through lateral ventricle can improve the learning and memory ability of rats.The mechanism may be that BMSCs and related material injected into the lateral ventricle can promote neuron to regenerate.
    Effect of erythropoietin on vascular endothelial growth factor and nuclear factor kappa B expression in neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage.
    ZHU Di-qing,PANG Gao-feng
    2015, 23(1):  42-45.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-13
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    Objective To investigate the effects of erythropoietin on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB )expression in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Methods The 7 days old rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=24 in each group):sham-operated group,HIBD group and EPO-treated group.In sham-operated group,the median incision of neck was performed,and left common carotid artery was isolated,but not hypoxia-ischemia.In HIBD group,left common carotid artery was isolated and ligated,then the models were prepared under hypoxia for 2 h.In EPO-treated group,the model rats were instantly given single intraperitoneal injection of rhEPO (5 000 U /kg).The expression of VEGF and NF-κB were detected by immunohistochemistry at 6,12,24,72 hours after the operation. Results 1) Expression of VEGF was higher in HIBD group than in sham-operated group.Expression of VEGF was significantly higher in EPO-treated group than in sham-operated group and HIBD group at the same time (P<0.01).2) Expression of NF-κB was higher in HIBD group than in sham-operated group.Expression of NF-κB was higher in HIBD group than in EPO-treated group at the same time (P<0.01). Conclusion Erythropoietin can up-regulate expression of VEGF and reduce expression of NF-κB in neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage,which may be one of the mechanisms for protecting HIBD.
    Correlation between early arterial blood gas analysis and brain injury in preterm infants.
    MA Jiang-lin,LU Hong-yan,WANG Qiu-xia
    2015, 23(1):  55-57.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-17
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    Objective To investigate the correlation between early arterial blood gas analysis and brain injury in preterm infants,and further to provide reference for early diagnosis and intervention of it. Methods The preterm infants with arterial blood gas analysis results in 1 hour after birth in our hospital from Jan.2010 to Dec.2011 were collected.51 infants diagnosed as brain injury were selected as case group,and each case were matched with 3 normal infants with same gestational age as control group.PH,PaO2,PaCO2,BE between the two groups were compared,and the correlation analysis on their relationship with brain injury were carried out. Results The incidence of brain injury in preterm infants was 16.4%,IVH and PVL were 13.4% and 3.0% respectively.PH(7.23±0.13),PaO2(68.53±30.85),BE(-6.50±3.93)from the brain injury group were significantly lower than those from the control group (7.32±0.08,81.05±29.19,-4.04±3.66)(all P<0.01),while PaCO2(50.16±14.13) was significantly higher than that of the control group(44.30±10.27)(P<0.01).Further research,when PH<7.15,PaO2<35 mmHg,PaCO2>65 mmHg,BE<-10 mmol/L,the incidence of brain injury in preterm infants increased.And logistic analysis showed that PH<7.15,PaO2<35 mmHg,PaCO2>65 mmHg were closely related to brain injury in preterm infants,values of OR (95%CI) were 0.14(0.03~0.68),0.04(0.01~0.68),0.06(0.01~0.55) respectively. Conclusions Early arterial blood gas analysis are closely related to brain injury in preterm infants.
    Analysis of the current childhood hypertension prevalence of 13~18 years old adolescents in Changsha city.
    QIU Jun,LU Xiu-lan,WANG Ke-wei,ZHU Sheng,WU Xiao-li
    2015, 23(1):  58-60.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-18
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    Objective To know the current prevalence of hypertension of adolescents between 13 and 18 years old in Changsha city and provide the scientific basis for prevention measures in childhood hypertension. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of a represent sample (n=16 843) in Chinese children and adolescents from 13 to 18 years old were derived from 12 middle schools and 12 high schools by a cluster sampling method.The blood pressure was measured in elected students.The data were analysed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software. Results The mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was (103.90±10.42) mmHg,and the mean of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was (66.83±6.68) mmHg in 16 843 elected students.In same age group,the mean of SBP and DBP in male was higher than in female students,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The detection rates of prehypertension (PHTN) and hypertension (HTN) were increased with the growth of age from 13 to 18 years old.The detection rates of prehypertension and hypertension were as 10.34%(843/8 149) and 15.35% (1251/8 149)in male students respectively,while they were as 5.16%(449/8 694) and 3.45%(300/8 694) in female students respectively.In same age,the distribution of different degree of childhood hypertension was statistically significant in different genders (P<0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of childhood hypertension is high in 13 to 18 years old adolescents in Changsha city.Therefore,the prehypertension and hypertension are adopted as primary prevention strategy to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents in China.
    Case-control study on influential factors of Down's syndrome.
    WU Dan,QIAN Yun-ke,WU Xiu-juan,ZHANG Da-wen,WANG Han,NIE Xiao-mei,WU Bao-yu
    2015, 23(1):  61-63.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-19
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    Objective To investigate the influential factors of Down's syndrome and to provide evidences for prevention. Methods A case-control study was conducted among children with or without Down's syndrome at Children's Hospital of Xuzhou,from January 2012 to December 2013.Parents of cases with Down's syndrome and controls were asked to fill in a questionnaire. Results Logistic analysis showed that Down's syndrome was associated with advanced maternal age(≥35 years old)(OR=5.55),maternal pre-pregnancy fever (OR=7.87),exposure to pesticides (OR=12.90),the surrounding environmental pollution (OR=6.94),decoration or purchasing new furniture or a new car (OR=6.85),maternal manicure (OR=44.58). Conclusions Down's syndrome is affected by multiple factors.Risk factors for Down's syndrome will include advanced maternal age(≥35 years old),maternal pre-pregnancy fever,exposure to pesticides,the surrounding environmental pollution,decoration or purchasing new furniture or a new car,maternal manicure.
    Effect of early intervention on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy infants' writhing movements.
    MA Liang,MENG Ling-dan,DONG Rong-zhi,LIU Fang,CAO Ai-hua,AN Xin-rong
    2015, 23(1):  64-66.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-20
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    Objective To investigate effects of early intervention on hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) infants' writhing movements,guide early clinical intervention for HIE infants and improve neuro developmental outcome. Methods 1) The survey was carried among 327 HIE infants during writhing period,following up to well baby clinic,from October 2011 to June 2014.The cases were divided into early intervention group (n=168) and control group (n=159) randomly.Each group was divided into mild HIE group,moderate HIE group,severe HIE group according to damage degree of HIE.2) Early intervention was combined direct intervention and guiding parents for intervention.3)The rate of GMs among each group was compared. Results The number of writhing movement in early intervention group was more than that of the control group (χ2=16.017,P=0.000),while the number of poor repertoire general movements(χ2=10.169,P=0.001) and cramped-sychronised general movements were significantly fewer than those of the control group(χ2=4.246,P=0.039);In mild HIE group and moderate HIE group writhing movements (χ2=10.321,P=0.001;χ2=9.227,P=0.002) and PR (χ2=10.321,P=0.001;χ2=4.490,P=0.034) had significant differences in two groups.In severe HIE group,there were no significant differences in N,PR and CS between the two groups. Conclusion Very early intervention can reduce incidence rate of PR,improve incidence rate of normal writhing movement in mild and moderate HIE group; While there is no effect in severe HIE group.
    Evaluation and analysis of children with cerebral palsy by Gesell Development Sacles before and after treatment.
    SUN Dian-rong,HOU Mei,GUO Hong-lei
    2015, 23(1):  67-69.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-21
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    Objective To find the development structure of cerebral palsy by Gesell Development Scale and improvement after the treatment. Methods Cerebral palsy (CP) children had Gesell Development Scales test before and after treatment,and a gross motor function classfication after treatment. Results A total of 105 children had the tests,spastic CP was predominant (74/105,70.48%),dyskinetic CP secondly(24/105,22.86%).The development quotient of CP was at the low-edge level,and gross motor area was the lowest(56.22±16.64).The development structure of the CP subtypes was different,gross motor area in spastic diplegia (51.92±10.18),fine motor area in hemiplegia(66.07±25.90),gross and fine motor areas in the dyskinetic children(43.64±14.64,47.07±19.27) were fell most.After the treatment,the development age was improved(P<0.05);development quotient of gross motor and adaption to other subject areas had differences than before.And the higher the GMFCS was,the lower DA and DQ were,children had less improvement(P<0.05). Conclusion Gross motor retardation was the core symptom of CP,the intelligence structure of CP subtypes was different.After the treatment,the gross motor area had less improvement,and the rate of the improvement had a correlation with GMFCS.In the clinical work,Gesell Development Scales test should be had at regular intervals.
    Investigation on 211 case of chilopalatognathus and analysis of suspected teratogenic factors in Hengyang city.
    HUANG Qiu-shuang,LEI Qin,WANG Yan,XIONG Yan,NIE Xing-hui,YUAN Yu-mei
    2015, 23(1):  70-72.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-22
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    Objective To investigate the children with chilopalatognathus and their parents in Hengyang city,to understand the incidence and suspected teratogenic factors,and to provide scientific basis for effective early intervention. Methods During the period of 2009-2012,the data of children with chilopalatognathus in hospital were collected,and the children's parents were interviewed to complete the questionnaire,understood the basic situation of the parents before and during pregnancy,Chi square test was applied for univariate analysis to track the possible teratogenic factors in children. Results There were significant differences (χ2=58.90,P<0.01) among different gender between various age groups of children with single or syndromic chilopalatognathus.First 5 parents' occupation had significant difference (χ2=55.294,P<0.01).Vomiting and taking medicine during pregnancy had significant difference (χ2=14.45,P< 0.01).Whether parents had taken medicine to cure their illnesses had significant (χ2=39.51,P<0.01).Whether mother was drinking had significant (χ2=8.00,P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of chilopalatognathus in Hengyang city affected by environment and parents' occupation,lifestyle,genetic and other factors.It is necessary for parents to dopreconception care and prenatal care,prenatal diagnosis should also be given to high risk gravida for early intervention of chilopalatognathus.
    Clinical follow-up of pulmonary function in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
    WANG Shu-yu,LV Zhao-xia,ZHAO Li
    2015, 23(1):  73-74.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2014-23-01-23
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    Objective To investigate the changes of tidal breath pulmonary function in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) for 3 years. Method BPD infants were contacted by out-patient follow-up,pulmonary function including RR,VT,TI,TE,TPTEF/TE,VPTEF/VE,body height,weight were monitored at 1,2 and 3 years old. Results There were significant differences in pulmonary function,body height and weight with BPD infants compared with non BPD infants (P<0.05),the values of VT,TI,TPTEF/TE,VPTEF/VE in BPD group were lower than those in the non-BPD group,the values of TE,RR of BPD group were higher than those in the non-BPD group (P<0.05). Conclusion BPD infants have damaged pulmonary function and retardation of growth before 3 years old.
    Impact of parental rearing pattern on the sleep problems among children aged 6 months to 4 years old.
    BAI Wen-xing,ZHANG Yan,ZHOU Hong
    2015, 23(1):  75-77.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-24
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    Objective To investigate the situation of sleep problems among younger children,and to analyze the influencing factors in parental rearing pattern,and to provide a basis for the early intervention of children's sleep problems. Methods From May to August in 2010,children between 6 months and 4 years old from a kindergarten and a clinic on the development in early childhood in Haidian district were investigated with self-designed questionnaire on children's sleep problems according to the ICSD. Results The prevalence of sleep problems was 57.6% among 236 surveyed children.The proportion of restless sleep,disorder of sleep rhythm and abnormal sleep were 47.7%,4.6% and 22.3% respectively.The difference of the prevalence of sleep problems among different-aged groups was significant (P<0.05).According to the non-conditional logistic regression analysis,increased risk of sleep problems was found in the group of the main care during the day being mother (OR=2.838) and children needing sleep comfort (OR=2.648). Conclusion The prevalence of sleep problems among younger children is quite high,and the problems may be associated with parental rearing pattern.
    Study on quality of life for children with secretory otitis media after tympanostomy tube.
    GU Li,MA Liang,LIU Dan,HUANG Jie,WANG Zhen,CHEN Ting-ting,LIU Li -ting
    2015, 23(1):  78-80.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-25
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    Objective To evaluate the influence of tympanostomy tube on quality of life for children with secretory otitis media,providing the basis for the choice of treatment. Methods The Chinese Version of The Chronic Ear Survey,OM-6 questionnaire and Child Behavior Checklist were adopted to evaluate the quality of life on 36 cases (54 ears) with secretory otitis media for children treated by myringotomy with grommet insertion before and after operation,and analyzed the influence on the quality of life for children with secretory otitis media. Results Before and after the treatment,the score comparison of ineach dimension of the Chinese Version of The Chronic Ear Survey were significant (P<0.01);OM-6 questionnaire results showed that,in addition to speech disorder before and after treatment,the score comparison inother dimensions (P<0.01);Child Behavior Checklist showed comparison before and after operation for the boy in schizophrenia,depression,obsessive compulsive,social withdrawal,hyperactivity and aggression (P<0.05);Comparison before and after operation for the girl in depression,social withdrawal,division force,hyperactivity and aggression (P<0.05). Conclusion After tympanostomy tube,the quality of life for children with secretory otitis media has improved significantly.
    Investigation on children neglect among urban preschoolers of Tongling City.
    TANG Yin-xia,HAO Jia-hu,CHEN Shang-hui
    2015, 23(1):  81-83.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-26
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    Objective To explore the status of children neglect among urban preschoolers of Tongling area,and to investigate the influence factors of neglected preschoolers. Method A total of 1 650 children in nurseries who were sampled randomly from urban of Tongling area in stratified and cluster sampled were investigated by a self-designed demographic questionnaire and "Evaluation Questionnaire of Neglect Children Aged 3~6 years in China". Results The total neglect rate,neglect degree and neglect score of urban preschoolers were 35.5%,58.35 and 159.29 respectively.Neglected children were dominated by a single type(51.9) and were relatively small by more than 4 subscales(14.6%).The main factors affected the children neglect were family atmosphere,impulsiveness and irritability of the mother,the mother's education,whether being only one child,the child's primary caregiver,the average monthly household income of nearly a year and so on. Conclusion The status of child neglect among urban preschoolers in Tongling city is serious,and social and families should pay more attention to this issue.
    Analysis of four neonatal disease screening for Yulin city in 2013.
    QIN Xiao-lian,LI Qiu-bo,ZHANG Ning
    2015, 23(1):  84-86.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-27
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    Objective To understand functions of neonatal congenital hypothyroidism (CH),phenylketonuria (PKA),G6PD deficiency and hearing screening,and to find out their screen status. Method The analysis of neonatal disease screening results were deployed to accomplish statistical report of Yulin in 2013. Results 1)The number of CH screening was 110 650 cases,positive in 1 381 cases,the positive rate of screening was 1.25%,there were significant differences in districts (P<0.01);2)The number of PKU screening was 110 650 cases,the positive was in 387 cases,the positive rate of screening was 0.35%,there were significant differences in districts(P<0.01);3)The number of G6PD deficiency screening was 88 748 cases,positive was in 4 143 cases,the positive rate of screening was 4.67%,there were statistically significant differences in districts (P<0.01);4)The number of hearing screening was in 56 113 cases,positive was in 4 053 cases,the positive rate was 7.22%,and there were statistically significant differences in each district (P<0.01). Conclusion To carry out diseases screening of newborn comprehensively,can detect diseases of newborn,also provide valuable medical basis for early intervention of neonatal,this is an important way to improve quality of the population.
    Clinical study of INtubate-SURfactant-Extubate to CPAP method in the prevention and treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
    LI Hua,WEI Hong
    2015, 23(1):  87-89.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-28
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    Objective To investigate the effectiveness of INtubate-SURfactant-Extubate to CPAP (INSURE) method in premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS). Methods A total of 127 prematures with NRDS from January 2011 to December 2012 were recruited,and data were collected retrospectively.Early outcomes(the PS repeatment,pneumorrhagia,air leak syndrome,PPHN,PDA),late outcome(BPD,ROP,IVH,PVL),complications related with infection(septicemia,NEC) as well as prognosis were compared between two groups. Results There was no statistically difference in general conditions between two groups (P>0.05).The second PS need,pneumorrhagia and air leak syndrome as well as PPHN were significantly decreased in INSURE group (P<0.05).INSURE group had less cases with infectious diseases as septicemia (P<0.05).There was no statistically difference (P>0.05) in the late outcomes such as BPD,ROP,IVH and PVL between two groups.The prognosis such as cure rate and mortality showed no difference in two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with MV,INSURE can improve the early outcome of NRDS by alleviating NRDS severity,reducing the second PS need,decreasing pneumorrhagia,air leak symdrome and PPHN.It also lowers septicemia.It shorts the total oxygen therapy time,without increasing the occurance of BPD,ROP,IVH,PVL and the mortality.
    Diagnosis and prognosis value of serum S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
    WANG Shi,LI Zhi-chao
    2015, 23(1):  90-92.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-29
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    Objective To investigate the diagnosis and prognosis value of serum S100B protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods A total of 65 cases of HIE children were divided into three groups according to the severity of the patient's condition:mild HIE group (n=22),moderate HIE group (n=24),severe HIE group (n=19);Correspondingly,27 cases of normal full-term newborns at the same period were selected as control group.Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay,ELISA method were applied to dynamically detect the serum NSE,S100B protein levels of the four groups while the NBNA score between each groups was compared,and the correlations among the serum NSE,S100B protein levels and NBNA score were studied as well. Results The serum S100B protein,NSE levels of each HIE group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05),while the NBNA scores were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05),and they significantly increased or decreased according to the degree of illness aggravating (P<0.05);The serum S100B protein and NSE levels of HIE children were negatively correlated with the NBNA score (P<0.05),whereas the serum S100B protein and NSE levels were positively correlated (P<0.05);Along with the illness degree aggravating,serum S100B protein,NSE levels of HIE children significantly increased (P<0.05),besides,with extension of the time,the serum S100B protein and NSE levels reduced significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Dynamic monitoring of serum S100B protein and NSE level has important clinical evaluation value for early diagnosis,judgment of illness degree and treatment effectiveness of neonatal HIE.
    Analysis of death for children under 5 years old in Pudong New Area,2002-2013.
    CHEN Yi-chen,LI Xiao-pan,YANG Chen,YANG Li-ming,SUN Qiao,HAO Li-peng,SUN Liang-hong,YAN Bei
    2015, 23(1):  93-95.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-30
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    Objective To analyse the death situations of children under 5 years old of the residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2002 to 2013,and provide references for developing measures to promote children health. Methods The vital data of children under 5 years old were collected and analyzed from 2002 to 2013.The cause of death was coded by the 10th edition of International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10).The trend was tested by join-point regression program 4.1. Results The total death of children under 5 years old in Pudong New Area was 889.Under 5 mortality rate (U5MR) covered from 3.09‰~6.56‰.Infant mortality rate (IMR) covered from 2.31‰~5.37‰.The top three causes of death were congenital malformation,neonatal illness,injury and poisoning,which three causes added up to 81.21% of the total. Conclusions The U5MR of the registered population in Pudong New Area is quite low.Prenatal and postnatal care and foster physical fitness should be promoted among the population in order to reduce the cause specific death rate of genital malformation and neonatal illness,and enhance children safety education to reduce the cause specific death rate of injury.
    Research of outcome and impact factors of congenital hypothyroidism after treatment.
    PAN Ling-lin,ZHANG Mei,KUANG Xiao-ni
    2015, 23(1):  96-98.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-31
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    Objectives To investigate the outcome after thyroid hormone replacement therapy of preschool children with congenital hypothyroidism and its influencing factors,to evaluate the prognosis,treatment correctly,and provide the basis for the exploration of more perfect follow-up program. Methods Since 2007,cases were selected for screening and diagnosed in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital that CH children after thyroid hormone replacement therapy for 2~3 years then were stopped,and continued to follow up more than one year.According to the thyroid function after discontinuation,they were divided into three groups:CH group,high TSH group and normal group.Intelligent,height,initial FT4 value and thyroid tissue of three groups were analysed at the same time. Results The intelligence and height development of children in three groups had no significant differences.The initial FT4 value had significant difference in three groups of children (F=3.65,P=0.032).The thyroid tissue abnormalities had significant difference in three groups of children(χ2=25.093,P=0,000). Conclusion Initial FT4 value and thyroid tissue abnormalities in children with CH have effects on prognosis;Follow-up of high TSH after treatment should be strengthened.
    Curative observation of sublingual dermatophagoides farinae drops combined with standardized treatment in children with asthma.
    LIU Yan-lin,TANG Su-ping,CHEN Shen,DONG Li,HUA Yun-han,GUO Yi-hua,LIN Shan,ZHANG Zhong-long
    2015, 23(1):  99-100.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-32
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    Objective To evaluate effect of sublingual dermatophagoides farinae drops combined with standardized treatment in children with asthma. Methods A total of 110 children aged 6~14 years old with out acute exacerbation of mild - moderate allergic asthma from department of allergy of Fuzhou Children's Hospital from October to December in 2009 were selected and divided randomly into experimental group and control group of 55 cases each.The experimental group was given sublingual dermatophagoides farinae drops combined with inhaled corticosteroids standardized treatment,control group was given only inhalation therapy of hormone regulation.2 years of follow-up,the number of respiratory tract infections and asthma attacks,the children missed school days,the results of lung function FEV1%,FEF25%,FEF50% and inhaled corticosteroid dose were compared before and after treatment. Results 1) No significant difference was found in the pulmonary function (FEV1%,FEF25%,FEF50%) between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05);The pulmonary function indexes of the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group after treatment(P<0.05);The pulmonary function indexes of the experimental group after treatment were significantly higher than those of before treatment (P<0.05);2) The number of respiratory tract infections and asthma attacks,the children missed school days in experimental group significantly reduced than the control group after treatment (P<0.05);3) The inhaled corticosteroid dose in experimental group significantly reduced than the control group after treatment (χ2=9.072,P=0.028). Conclusion The effector of sublingual dermatophagoides farinae drops standardized treatment combined inhaled hormone is better than single treatment with inhaled corticosteroid.
    Investigation and analysis of the health status and the influencing factors of the 6 162 newborns.
    LI Li-li,HUANG Yan-hong,YANG Liu,NI Jia,LI Jing,ZHANG Xue-jiao,DONG Ying
    2015, 23(1):  103-105.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-34
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    Objective To understand the health status of the newborns and master the incidence,the mortality,the death causes and influencing factors of the common diseases in newborns. Method As the population basis of stratified cluster sampling cross-sectional study,6 162 cases of neonatal were investigated who born within one year(from 2010-10-1 to 2011-9-30) in Shenyang city. Results The male to female ratio was 1.073∶1.The average birth weight was (3 399.24±459.69)g.There was a statistically significant difference of newborns birth weight in different genders and gestational age.There was a positively correlation between pregnancy weight gain and birth weight(r=0.15,P<0.001).Parents,smoking,passive smoking or drinking all could lead to increase incidence of low birth weight (P<0.01).Low birth weight children in the neonatal period appeared to catch up with the growth trend.The incidence of preterm infants was 5.37%.The incidence of low birth weight was 3.55%.The incidence of macrosomia was 10.68%.The incidence of cesarean section was 69.96%.The neonatal mortality rate was 3.8‰.The first cause of the newborn death was premature low birth weight. Conclusions Maternal and newborn health care should be strengthened:control weight gain during pregnancy in the normal range and eliminate parents,unhealthy living habits.The purpose is to reduce premature birth,low birth weight,macrosomia,the rate of cesarean section and neonatal mortality.The key to improving children's health is strength the monitoring and management of newborns.
    Application of newborn individualized development care and assessment program on early-preterm infants' general movements.
    ZHOU Jin-jun,LI Shuang-shuang,GU Li
    2015, 23(1):  109-110.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-01-36
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    Objective To explore the application of newborn individualized development care and assessment program (NIDCAP) on early-preterm infants,general movements (GMs),and to guide NIDCAP clinically for prematurity and improve neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods The research was carried out among 82 early-preterm infants during writhing period who were in newborn department of pediatrics from January 2014 to May 2014.The cases were divided into NIDCAP group (n=41) and control group (n=41).The NIDCAP intervention was given from birth and the control group was guided on routine nursing care.Cases of different GMs during writhing period were compared between two groups. Results The outcomes for the NIDCAP intervention group compared to the control group were:the cases of normal general movements was more[34/41(82.9%) vs 22/41(53.6%),P<0.05],while poor repertoire general movements and cramped-synchronized general movements were significantly fewer[5/41(12.1%) vs 12/41(29.2%),2/41(4.8%) vs 7/41(17.0%)],P<0.05]. Conclusions NIDCAP intervention can reduce incidence rates of PR and CS,improve incidence rate of normal general movements.It is possibly enhance neurodevelopmental outcome.