Objective To investigate the children with chilopalatognathus and their parents in Hengyang city,to understand the incidence and suspected teratogenic factors,and to provide scientific basis for effective early intervention. Methods During the period of 2009-2012,the data of children with chilopalatognathus in hospital were collected,and the children's parents were interviewed to complete the questionnaire,understood the basic situation of the parents before and during pregnancy,Chi square test was applied for univariate analysis to track the possible teratogenic factors in children. Results There were significant differences (χ²=58.90,P<0.01) among different gender between various age groups of children with single or syndromic chilopalatognathus.First 5 parents' occupation had significant difference (χ²=55.294,P<0.01).Vomiting and taking medicine during pregnancy had significant difference (χ²=14.45,P< 0.01).Whether parents had taken medicine to cure their illnesses had significant (χ²=39.51,P<0.01).Whether mother was drinking had significant (χ²=8.00,P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of chilopalatognathus in Hengyang city affected by environment and parents' occupation,lifestyle,genetic and other factors.It is necessary for parents to dopreconception care and prenatal care,prenatal diagnosis should also be given to high risk gravida for early intervention of chilopalatognathus.