Abstract: Objective To explore the evolution of flash visual evoked potentials (FVEP) in preterm infants from 1 to 36 months,and compare to the full-term. Method Using the Viking-Ⅳ visual electrophysiological testing device,the latency and amplitude values of the P2 main wave on FVEPs were recorded in infants longitudinally at 1,3,6,9,12,18,24 and 36 months. Results The trends of FVEPs were similar in the three groups of children,the latency of the P2 showed a significant decrease along with the age,but the amplitude had no difference.The latency of the P2 was more significantly delayed in VLBW group than in full-term group from 1 to 24 months,but there was no significant difference at 36 months; the LBW group showed the latency of the P2 wave was significantly delayed compared with the full-term group,only in 1~6 months. Conclusions Premature and LBW have the negative influence on the development of children's visual system,especially for VLBW.The follow-up evaluation of visual function state of this preterm group should be strengthened in school-age period.

Key words: low birth weight, flash visual evoked potentials, longitudinal study, preterm infants

摘要： 目的 探究1~36月龄早产儿闪光视觉诱发电位(flash visual evoked potential,FVEP)发育进程,比较其与同龄足月儿的差异,为实施针对性早期干预提供依据。 方法 依据出生体重不同,将早产儿分为极低出生体重(very low birth weight,VLBW)组、低出生体重(low birth weight,LBW)组以及对照组,应用美国Viking-Ⅳ诱发电位仪,纵向记录三组儿童在1、3、6、9、12、18、24、36月龄(早产儿按矫正月龄)FVEP主波P2波潜伏期、振幅值。 结果 三组儿童FVEP发育轨迹大致相似,随月龄增长P2潜伏期呈下降趋势,6月龄内下降幅度最大;VLBW组与对照组相比,在1~24月龄均显示P2波潜伏期显著延迟,36月龄差异无统计学意义;LBW组与对照组相比,仅在1、3、6月龄段显示P2波潜伏期显著延迟。 结论 早产、低出生体重对婴幼儿的视觉系统发育有明显的不良影响,尤其对VLBW早产儿的影响更加显著,应加强对这类儿童在学龄前期的视功能状态的随访评估。

关键词: 低出生体重, 视觉诱发电位, 纵向随访, 早产儿