Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical characters of neonatal sepsis in term and preterm newborns for early diagnosis and treatment. Method A retrospective study was done to collect clinical characteristics and drug sensitivity in term and preterm neonatal sepsis from January 2009 to May 2011 in neonatal care unit. Results Preterm newborns had higher risks for the incidences of premature rupture of membranes and intravenous nutrition.Preterm newborns were susceptible to hyperbilirubinemia,respiratory distress syndrome,feeding intolerance and neonatal asphyxia,while term newborns were susceptible to omphalitis.G⁺ bacteria was the major pathogen in neonatal sepsis with higher incidence rate in term newborn.Candida albicans infection was susceptible to preterm newborns. Conclusion Preterm newborns with septicemia need more invasive operation to be susceptible to complex complications and complicated with fungal infection.

Key words: sepsis, preterm newborn, term newborn, clinical characteristics, etiology

摘要： 目的 了解早产儿和足月儿败血症的临床特点,为早期诊断及临床指导用药提供依据。 方法 对2009年1月-2011年5月杭州市第一人民医院新生儿科病房血培养确诊为败血症的早产儿和足月儿的临床资料及药物敏感情况进行回顾性分析。 结果 早产儿胎膜早破发生率及使用静脉营养比例更高。早产儿败血症患儿更易于合并高胆红素血症、呼吸窘迫综合征、喂养不耐受、新生儿窒息;而足月儿败血症患儿发生脐炎的比例高于早产儿败血症患儿。G⁺菌是新生儿败血症的主要病原菌,足月儿G⁺菌发病率更高,而早产儿合并白色念珠菌的发病率更高。 结论 早产儿败血症患儿进行的有创操作更多,并发症更复杂,更易并发真菌感染。

关键词: 败血症, 早产儿, 足月儿, 临床特点, 病原学