Abstract: Objective To explore the development of desire-belief system of autism children and compare with typical children. Methods Autism children with mental age from 3~5-year-old (n=18) and typical children from 3~5-year-old (n=18) were tested by diverse desire,diverse belief and false belief tasks.The two groups of participants were matched well on mental age and gender. Results It was shown that both two types of children could complete divers desire task; however autism children failed on diverse belief and false belief tasks(P<0.05). Conclusion The results implied that autism children with mental age from 3~5-year-old could understand desire but not belief.

Key words: theory of mind, desire understanding, belief understanding, autism

摘要： 目的 研究孤独症儿童的愿望-信念推理能力发展,及与正常儿童的差异,为进一步干预提供依据。方法 测试智龄为3~5岁的孤独症谱系障碍儿童(n=18)愿望与信念理解能力,并与正常发展儿童(n=18)做比较。两组儿童在智龄和性别上一一匹配。结果 结果显示孤独症儿童和正常儿童在区分愿望任务中的表现差异无统计学意义;但孤独症儿童在理解区分信念和错误信念任务的成绩显著低于正常儿童(P<0.05)。 结论 孤独症儿童能够理解愿望,但在理解信念方面却存在困难。

关键词: 心理理论, 愿望理解, 信念理解, 孤独症