Abstract: Objective To analyze the association between maternal feeding anxiety, feeding behavior, and weight-for-length Z score (WLZ) of infants, so as to provide reference for the development of effective intervention strategies to improve maternal feeding anxiety and behavior. Methods By convenient sampling method,331 infants and their mothers from the Child Health Care Department a Grade-A tertiary hospital in Qingdao, Shandong Province were selected as the study subjects in September 2023. Maternal Feeding Anxiety Scale, Parents' Feeding Practice Scale were used as assessment tools, and infant physical indicators were used to investigate. The association between variables was analyzed by Pearson correlation, and the mediating effect was tested by the Bootstrap program software. Results The score of maternal feeding anxiety was (39.592±8.173). Positive correlations were found between feeding behaviors and maternal feeding anxiety, including pressuring to eat, concerning about infant underfeeding, emotional and instrumental feeding, and parent-led eating (r＝0.591, 0.650, 0.398, 0.317, P<0.01), which were also positively correlated with infants' WLZ (r＝0.512, 0.428, 0.218, 0.258, P<0.01). Maternal feeding anxiety was positively correlated with infant's WLZ (r＝0.442, P<0.01). Pressuring to eat, concerning about infant underfeeding, and parent-led eating all played a partial mediating role between maternal feeding anxiety and infants' WLZ, and the mediation effect values were 0.272, 0.191 and 0.050 (50.8%, 35.7% and 9.3% of the total effect), respectively. Conclusions Maternal feeding anxiety can directly affect infants' WLZ, or indirectly influence infants' WLZ through practices like pressuring to eat, concerning about infant underfeeding, and parent-led eating. In order to improve the growth and development status of infants, feeding behavior of mothers should be improved at beginning. Medical staff should provide personalized guidance based on the maternal feeding anxiety level to promote the long-term healthy development of infants.

Key words: mother, feeding anxiety, feeding behavior, infant, growth and development, weight-for-length Z score, mediating effect

摘要： 目的 分析婴儿母亲喂养焦虑情绪、喂养行为以及婴儿身长别体重Z评分(WLZ)之间的关系,为制定改善母亲喂养焦虑情绪和喂养行为的有效干预策略提供参考。方法 采取便利抽样法,于2023年9月抽取山东省青岛市某三级甲等医院儿童保健科健康体检的331名婴儿及其母亲作为研究对象,采用母亲喂养焦虑评价量表、家长喂养行为量表为评估工具,并对婴儿体格指标进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析考察各变量间的相关关系,通过Bootstrap程序和Process插件检验中介效应。结果 母亲喂养焦虑得分为(39.592±8.173)分,喂养行为中的强迫儿童进食、担心儿童进食过少、情绪性及工具性喂养、家长主导进食与母亲喂养焦虑情绪呈正相关(r＝0.591、0.650、0.398、0.317,P<0.01),与婴儿WLZ亦呈正相关(r＝0.512、0.428、0.218、0.258,P<0.01);母亲喂养焦虑情绪与婴儿WLZ呈正相关(r＝0.442,P<0.01)。喂养行为中的强迫儿童进食、担心儿童进食过少、家长主导进食在母亲喂养焦虑情绪和婴儿WLZ间均起部分中介作用,中介效应值分别为0.272、0.191、0.050(占总效应的50.8%、35.7%和9.3%)。结论 母亲喂养焦虑情绪可直接影响婴儿WLZ,也可通过强迫儿童进食、担心儿童进食过少和家长主导进食间接影响婴儿WLZ。若要改善婴儿的生长发育状况,应从提高母亲的喂养行为入手,医护人员应结合母亲的喂养焦虑水平给予个性化指导,促进婴儿长期健康发展。

关键词: 母亲, 喂养焦虑, 喂养行为, 婴儿, 生长发育, 身长别体重Z评分, 中介作用