Abstract: Objective To know the change of the nutritional status of children under 5 years old in Jinan of Shandong,provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of malnutrition and obesity. Methods A total of 15 985 children under 5 years old were selected by cluster sampling.The questionnaires of nutrition were answered,the weight and height of the children were measured. Results The reduction rate of malnutrition under 5 years old in 2004-2013 was 66.30%,instead the prevalence rate of obesity increased 264.00%. Conclusions In the last 10 years,the nutritional status under 5 years old improved significantly.The prevention and control of malnutrition and obesity is still the keys of preschool children in Jinan of Shandong.

Key words: nutrition status, malnutrition, obesity, children

摘要： 目的 了解十年间济南市5岁以下儿童营养状况的变化,为儿童营养不良、肥胖等常见病的防治提供科学依据。方法 在济南市10个县市区,分别于2004年和2013年对5岁以下儿童进行同样方法的两次营养状况流行学调查。测量身高、体重值,根据WHO推荐的判断标准进行诊断。结果 2004-2013年济南市5岁以下儿童营养不良下降率为66.30%,其中城市下降率为63.80%,农村下降率为64.81%;十年间肥胖增长率为264.00%,其中城市增长率为375.96%,农村增长率为190.00%。结论 济南市5岁以下儿童营养不良发病率明显下降,但肥胖问题日益突出。营养不良和肥胖的防治是济南市儿童保健工作的重要内容,重点在农村。

关键词: 营养状况, 营养不良, 肥胖症, 儿童