南昌市717名0~35月龄婴幼儿睡眠现状分析

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-1130

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解南昌市0~35月龄婴幼儿睡眠现状,为开展早期睡眠保健、培养良好睡眠行为提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究,选取2021年8月至2022年11月在江西省妇幼保健院体检的717名健康婴幼儿作为研究对象,采用简明婴幼儿睡眠问卷了解睡眠情况、分析睡眠现状。结果南昌市717名婴幼儿中23.7%睡于儿童床内,3.6%独自入睡,38.6%的婴幼儿21:00前入睡,82.1%的婴幼儿睡眠规律,1岁以前56.6%仰睡;平均睡眠时长夜间(9.02±1.33)h、白天(3.49±1.68)h、全天(12.51±1.81)h,79.9%在推荐范围内;49.7%的婴幼儿睡眠潜伏期<20min,1岁以上幼儿57.4%夜醒在正常范围内。随着月龄段增加,白天睡眠时长(F=128.070)、总睡眠时长(F=68.615)和夜醒时长(H=95.948)逐渐减少(P<0.05);4~11月龄、12~35月龄组相较于0~3月龄组睡眠规律性更强、夜间睡眠时长增加;12~35月龄组21:00前入睡的比例最低,相较0~3月龄及4~11月龄组通过喂食、摇晃、拥抱入睡者减少,夜醒次数减少;4~11月龄组21:00前入睡的比例最高,潜伏期时长<20min占比少于0~3月龄及12~35月龄组(P<0.05)。结论南昌市0~35月龄婴幼儿不良睡眠行为较多,建议早期开始加强对养育人的睡眠科普宣教及预见性指导,以利于婴幼儿良好睡眠习惯培养。

关键词: 婴幼儿, 睡眠习惯, 睡眠时间, 夜醒, 简明婴幼儿睡眠问卷

Abstract: Objective To investigate the sleep status of infants and toddlers aged 0 - 35 months in Nanchang,in order to provide evidence for early sleep healthcare and development of good sleep behaviors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted,and healthy infants who underwent physical examination in Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital from August 2021 to November 2022 were included.Parents were asked to complete Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ),then sleep-related factors were analyzed. Results Among the 717 infants in Nanchang city,23.7% slept in child beds,3.6% fell asleep independently,38.6% of infants went to bed before 21:00,82.1% of infants had regular sleep,and 56.6% of infants slept on their backs before the age of 1 year.The average sleep duration was (9.02±1.33) hours at night,(3.49±1.68) hours during the day,and (12.51±1.81) hours throughout the day,and 79.9% were within the recommended range.The proportion of latency period <20 minutes was 49.7%,and 57.4% of children aged 1 year and older had normal nighttime awakenings.As the age increased,the duration of daytime sleep (F=128.070),total sleep duration (F=68.615),and night waking duration (H=95.948) gradually decreased accordingly (P＜0.05).Compared to the 0 - 3 months group,the 4 - 11 months and 12 - 35 months groups had more regular sleep pattern and longer nighttime sleep duration.The proportion of children falling asleep before 21:00 was the lowest in the 12 - 35 months group,with a reduction in falling asleep through feeding,rocking,and cuddling compared to the other two groups,along with a decrease in nocturnal awakenings.The proportion of children falling asleep before 21:00 was the highest in the 4 - 11 months group,with a shorter latency period and a lower percentage (<20 minutes) compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions There are many poor sleep behaviors among infants and toddlers aged 0 - 35 months in Nanchang.It is recommended to start early strengthening sleep education and anticipatory guidance for caregivers to foster good sleep habits in infants and toddlers.

Key words: infants and toddlers, sleep habits, sleep duration, night waking, Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire

中图分类号:

R174

孟森玲, 丁媛. 南昌市717名0~35月龄婴幼儿睡眠现状分析[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2024, 32(7): 795-798.

MENG Senling, DING Yuan. Sleep patterns of 717 infants and toddlers aged 0 - 35 months in Nanchang[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(7): 795-798.

参考文献

[1] 黎海芪,毛萌.实用儿童保健学[M].2版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2022:210.
Li HQ,Mao M.The Principle and practice of pediatric primary care[M].2th ed.Beijing:PMPH,2022:210.(in Chinese)
[2] Zhou J,Zhu L,Teng Y,et al.Early sleep duration trajectories and Children's cognitive development:A prospective cohort study[J].Eur J Pediatr,2023,182(12):5353-5365.
[3] 许志飞,杨琴,江帆,等.中国儿童睡眠健康百问百答[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2023,38(3):169-191.
Xu ZF,Yang Q,Jiang F,et al.One hundred questions and answers about Children's sleep health in China[J].Chin J Appl Clin Pediatr,2023,38(3):169-191.(in Chinese)
[4] 江帆.重视睡眠对儿童心理健康的影响[J].中华儿科杂志,2023,61(5):385-387.
Jiang F.More attention should be paid to sleep health and its impact on Children's mental health[J].Chin J Pediatr,2023,61(5):385-387.(in Chinese)
[5] Varma P,Conduit R,Junge M,et al.Examining sleep and mood in parents of children with sleep disturbances[J].Nat Sci Sleep.2020,12:865-874.
[6] 江帆.关注儿科临床中的睡眠问题[J].中华儿科杂志,2019,57(8):581-583.
Jiang F.More attention needs to be paid to sleep problems at pediatric clinics[J].Chin J Pediatr,2019,57(8):581-583.(in Chinese)
[7] Sadeh A.A brief screening questionnaire for infant sleep problems:Validation and findings for an Internet sample[J].Pediatrics.2004,113(6):e570-577.
[8] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会,0岁~5岁儿童睡眠卫生指南[S/OL].中华人民共和国卫生行业标准,WS/T579-2017[S/OL].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/wjw/fyjk/201710/e63c5fc4c3d74daf9f5234150c4f400a.shtml
[9] 中国医师协会睡眠专业委员会儿童睡眠学组,中华医学会儿科学分会儿童保健学组,中国医师协会儿童健康专业委员会,等.中国6岁以下儿童就寝问题和夜醒治疗指南(2023)[J].中华儿科杂志,2023,61(5):388-397.
The Subspecialty Group of PediatricSleep,the Committee of Sleep,Chinese Medical Doctor Association;the Subspecialty Group of Child Health Care,the Society of Pediatrics,Chinese Medical Association;the Committee of Child Health,Chinese Medical Doctor Association,et al.Chinese guideline for the treatment of bedtime problems and night wakings in children under 6 years of age (2023)[J].Chin J Pediatr,2023,61(5):388-397.(in Chinese)
[10] Jullien S.Sudden infant death syndrome prevention[J].BMC Pediatr,2021,(Suppl 1):320.
[11] 钟平莉,姜春花,李云,等.上海市0~35个月婴幼儿睡眠状况及影响因素分析[J].教育生物学杂志,2023,11(2):124-130.
Zhong PL,Jiang CH,Li Y,et al.Sleep problems and influencing factors among infants aged 0 - 35 months in Shanghai[J].Journal of Bio-Education,2023,11(2):124-130.(in Chinese)
[12] Sun W,Li SX,Jiang Y,et al.A community-based study of sleep and cognitive development in infants and toddlers[J].J Clin Sleep Med,2018,14(6):977-984.
[13] 杨芳,林青敏,王广海,等.我国婴幼儿睡床方式及其对睡眠结局影响的研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2018,26(6):602-605,629.
Yang F,Lin QM,Wang GH,et al.Sleep arrangement and effect on sleep outcomes among Chinese infants[J].Chin J Child Health Care,2018,26(6):602-605,629.(in Chinese)
[14] 刘卓娅,郭玉琴,宋娟娟,等.婴幼儿入睡方式及其对睡眠质量的影响[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2022,24(3):297-302.
Liu ZY,Guo YQ,Song JJ,et al.Sleep initiation patterns and their influence on sleep quality in infants and young children[J].Chin J Contemp Pediatr,2022,24(3):297-302.(in Chinese)
[15] Feng WW,Zhang Y,Wang HS,et al.Understanding the choice of sleep arrangements and soothing methods and their associations with sleep problems among children under 3 years old:A Chinese population-based study[J].Biomed Environ Sci,2022,35(3):225-233.
[16] 王玉亭,郝爱珍,闫雅红,等.太原市435例0～2岁婴幼儿睡眠状况分析[J].中国妇幼保健,2022,37(12):2232-2235.
Wang YT,Hao AZ,Yan YH,et al.Analysis of sleep status of 435 infants aged 0-2 years in Taiyuan city[J].Maternal&Child Health Care of China,2022,37(12):2232-2235.(in Chinese)
[17] Cheng W,Rolls E,Gong W,et al.Sleep duration,brain structure,and psychiatric and cognitive problems in children[J].Mol Psychiatry,2021,26(8):3992-4003.
[18] 冯围围,张悦,潘晓平,等.中国6市城乡3岁以下婴幼儿睡眠时间现状调查[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2022,33(1):1-6.
Feng WW,Zhang Y,Pan XP,et al.Investigation on sleep duration of Chinese children under 3 years old in urban and rural areas of 6 cities in China[J].Chin J Woman Child Health Res,2022,33(1):1-6.(in Chinese)
[19] 曾繁杰,赵芷若,李秀欣,等.吉林省婴幼儿睡眠现状及睡眠问题影响因素的横断面研究[J].中国当代儿科杂志,2023,25(5):463-469.
Zeng FJ,Zhao ZR,Li XX,et al.Cross-sectional study on the sleep status and risk factors for sleep problems in infants and young children in Jilin Province[J].Chin J Contemp Pediatr,2023,25(5):463-469.(in Chinese)
[20] Lin QM,Spruyt K,Leng Y,et al.Cross-cultural disparities of subjective sleep parameters and their age-related trends over the first three years of human life:A systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Sleep Med Rev.2019,48:101203.
[21] Kahn M,Livne-Karp E,Juda-Hanael M,et al.Behavioral interventions for infant sleep problems:The role of parental cry tolerance and sleep-related cognitions[J].J Clin Sleep Med.2020,16(8):1275-1283.