关键词: 专注注意, 偶然注意, 气质, 婴儿

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of attention and the correlation between attention and temperament at 7～12 months infants. 【Methods】 A toy car, a ball and a book were given successively to the infants playing for 90 seconds each one. The period of infant free play was videotaped so that it could be scored for focused and casual attention by observers to analyse attention time. The temperament types and dimensionalities were assessed with Carey Infant Temperament Questionnaire which was answered by the main caregiver. 【Results】 The average total attention time was (28.8±12.9) s, focused attention was (11.4±7.4) s and casual attention was (17.4±8.3) s per 90 seconds for the three toys. The focused attention time was shorter than casual attention time (t =4.7,P＜0.01). There were significant differences among the 3 toys in attention time(P＜0.01). The LSD-t test showed that the attention time to the book was longer than that of the car or the ball(P＜0.01), but there was no significance difference between the car and the ball(P＞0.05). There was significant difference neither between male and female infants nor among the different age-group of 7~12 months. Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between attention time and temperamental dimensionalities. The attention time among the different temperament type infants had no significant difference. 【Conclusions】 The focused attention time is shorter than casual attention time at 7～12 months infants. The baby's sustained attention time is significant differences in different toys, but it is not related to infant temperament.

Key words: focused attention, casual attention, temperament, infant