目的 分析顺应喂养对幼儿肥胖相关饮食行为的影响,并检验幼儿气质在其间的调节作用,为改善幼儿肥胖相关饮食行为提供参考。方法 于2021年5月—2023年2月在山东省4所妇幼保健院儿保科便利抽取650名超重/肥胖幼儿照护者进行问卷调查,调查内容为照护者顺应喂养、幼儿肥胖相关饮食行为(食物响应、情绪暴食)、幼儿气质(努力控制、负面情绪)。结果 照护者顺应喂养得分为(65.58±8.73)分,幼儿食物响应和情绪暴食得分为(3.65±0.84)、(3.37±0.76)分。顺应喂养负向预测食物响应和情绪暴食(β=-0.451,95%CI:-0.521～-0.393;β=-0.522,95%CI:-0.591～-0.468,P＜0.01);仅努力控制在顺应喂养和食物响应存在调节效应(β=-0.155,95%CI:-0.231～-0.087,P＜0.01),即高努力控制者顺应喂养对食物响应的影响(β=-0.657,95%CI:-0.743～-0.484,P＜0.01)大于低努力控制个体(β=-0.401,95%CI:-0.525～-0.312,P＜0.01)。结论 顺应喂养和幼儿肥胖相关饮食行为有待改善。顺应喂养负向作用于食物响应、情绪暴食,努力控制调节顺应喂养作用于食物响应的过程。针对幼儿情绪暴食,应着重改善照护者顺应喂养;要最大化改善幼儿食物响应,应考虑顺应喂养和努力控制的综合作用。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the influence of adaptive feeding on obesity related dietary behaviors in toddlers,and to examine the moderating effects of children's temperament in this process,in order to provide reference for improving obesity related dietary behaviors in young children. Methods From May 2021 to February 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 650 caregivers of overweight/obese young children from four maternal and child healthcare centers in Shandong Province.The survey included caregivers' responsive feeding,children's obesity related dietary behaviors (food responsiveness,emotional overeating),and children's temperament (effort control,negative emotions). Results The score for responsive feeding of caregivers was 65.58±8.73,and the scores for food responsiveness and emotional overeating of toddlers were 3.65±0.84 and 3.37±0.76,respectively.Responsive feeding negatively predicted food responsiveness and emotional overeating (β=-0.451,95%CI:-0.521 - -0.393;β=-0.522,95%CI:-0.591 - -0.468,P<0.01).The moderating effect of effort control between responsive feeding and food responsiveness was significant (β=-0.155,95%CI:-0.231 - -0.087,P<0.01),indicating the impact of responsive feeding on food response in high effort control individuals (β=- 0.657,95%CI:-0.743 - -0.484,P<0.01) were greater than individuals with low effort control(β=- 0.401,95%CI: -0.525 - -0.312,P<0.01). Conclusions There is room for improvement in dietary behaviors related to responsive feeding and childhood obesity.Responsive feeding has a negative effect on food responsiveness and emotional overeating,the process by which responsive feeding affected food resonsivenpss was influenced by toddlers' effortl control.Therefore,for reducing toddlers' emotional overeating,emphasis should be placed on improving caregivers' responsive feeding.To maximize the improvement of food responsiveness in toddlers,the combined effects of toddlers' effort control and caregivers' responsive feeding should be considered.
关键词
幼儿 /
顺应喂养 /
食物响应 /
情绪暴食 /
气质 /
调节效应
Key words
toddlers /
responsive feeding /
food responsiveness /
emotional overeating /
temperament /
moderation effects
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基金
青岛市医药卫生科研指导项目(2022-WJZD152)
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