目的 了解福州市台江区学龄前儿童患龋情况,探讨影响龋病发病的相关饮食因素,为龋病防治措施的制定提供依据。方法 按照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查的要求,采取分层整群抽样的方法,随机抽取福州市台江区4所幼儿园共536名儿童进行龋病的检查,对其家长进行问卷调查,对患龋率和龋均等指标做统计分析。结果 福州市台江区学龄前儿童患龋率为57.3%,龋均为2.38,其中男童患龋率为63.2%,龋均为2.79;女童患龋率为51%,龋均为1.94 ,不同性别之间患龋率和龋均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);大班患龋率为65.1%,龋均为3.05;中班患龋率为63.1%,龋均为2.20;小班患龋率为36.8%,龋均为1.46,不同年级之间患龋率和龋均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城镇儿童患龋率为55.0%,龋均为2.29;女童患龋率为63.1%,龋均为2.62,城乡儿童之间患龋率和龋均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);龋病的饮食因素中每日吃零食的次数、乳饮料、碳酸饮料差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 年级、性别、零食、乳饮料、碳酸饮料是学龄前儿童龋病的饮食影响因素。

Objective To investigate the current condition of dental caries among preschool children in Taijiang district,Fuzhou and the influential factors of the diet,to provide the epidemiological evidence for the establishment of the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods According to the third national oral health epidemiological sampling survey requirements,a stratified cluster sampling method was randomly applied to obtain a sample group consisted of 4 kindergartens(613 preschool children) in Taijiang district,Fuzhou. Results The current status of dental caries among preschool children in Taijiang district,Fuzhou was 57.3%,and the index of decayed,missed and filled teeth(DMFT)was 2.38,in which boys dental caries rate was 63.2% and DMFT was 2.79;girls' dental caries rate was 51% and the DMFT was 1.94,with a significant difference;there were also significant differences in grades,preschool type,daily snacking,milk drinks and carbonated beverages. Conclusion The grade,gender,snacks,milk drinks,carbonated drinks are the effect factors of dental caries of preschoolers.