关键词: 支气管哮喘, 诱因, 儿童

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the common inducements of asthmatic exacerbation in Shijiazhuang area and the way to prevent children with asthma from them. 【Methods】 All children with asthma were divided into two groups,infantile group (<3 years ) and children group ( over 3 years) and analysed the common causes associated with which led to asthmatic exacerbation in children with asthma through the unified questionnaire survey.And analysed the common allergens through receiving skin prick test on 1 week after remission for the enrolled children. 【Results】 The first age of onset was mainly concentrated less than 6 years old,especially within 3 years old.Resporatory infection was mainly common inducement,the easily exacerbated seasons were autumn and winter,the easily exacerbated time was night and morning,93.5% in infantile group vs 54% in children guoup,which was significantly different in statistics (χ²=46.122,P<0.01).The other common cause was to quit to inhale corticosteroids or to reduce dosage of inhalation corticosteroids without suggestion by pediatrist,30.1% in infantile group vs 44.4% in children group,which was significantly different in statistics (χ²=4.952,P<0.05).Allergens in living entertainment led to asthmatic exacerbation,26.2% in infantile group vs 43.7% in children group,which was significantly different in statistics (χ²=7.497,P<0.05).Although sports were the important factor cause asthmatic exacerbation in children with asthma,there was no significantly different from both two groups in statistics (χ²=2.744,P>0.05).446 cases in total were positive in skin prick test with allergens,and the ratio was 96.3%.Positive in skin prick test with dust mite and willow pollen were the most common allergen,46.8% and 19.8% in infantile group,35.0% and 37.4% in children goup,significant difference found in statistics(χ²=5.417,12.849,P<0.01). 【Conclusions】 Respiratory infection is one of the most common causes led to asthmatic exacerbation in children especially infantile with asthma.Non-infection factors become the important cause led to asthmatic exacerbation in children with asthma when growth up.To reduce the risks of resporatory infection,keep out of allergens and inhale corticosteroids regulate are availabe ways to prevent children with asthma from asthmatic exacerbation.

Key words: bronchial asthma, inducement, children