学龄儿童生活方式对情绪和行为问题的影响

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-1250

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 718-724.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2023-1250

学龄儿童生活方式对情绪和行为问题的影响

李文静^1,2, 马倩倩¹, 陈晨³, 李骏¹, 毋丹丹¹, 曾令霞²

1.西安市疾病预防控制中心非传染性疾病预防控制科,陕西西安 710054;
2.西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,陕西西安 710061;
3.空军军医大学军事医学心理学系

收稿日期:2023-11-29 修回日期:2024-03-25 发布日期:2024-07-15 出版日期:2024-07-10
通讯作者: 曾令霞,E-mail:tjzlx@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:李文静(1992-),女,主治医师,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为儿童青少年心理卫生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(81872633);西安市科技计划项目(22YXYJ0091)

Effects of lifestyle behaviors on psychological and behavioral problems among school-age children

LI Wenjing^1,2, MA Qianqian¹, CHEN Chen³, LI Jun¹, WU Dandan¹, ZENG Lingxia²

1. Xi'an Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710054,China;
2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,School of Public Health of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061,China;
3. Department of Military Medical Psychology,Air Force Medical University

Received:2023-11-29 Revised:2024-03-25 Online:2024-07-10 Published:2024-07-15
Contact: ZENG Lingxia,E-mail:tjzlx@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探索生活方式对学龄期儿童心理行为状况的影响,为儿童行为问题干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,于2023年5月8—20日在西安市5所小学抽取1 200名9~13岁学龄儿童进行纸质问卷调查,使用青少年自评量表(YSR)对其近半年内的行为和情绪问题进行评价,通过自行设计的调查问卷收集学龄儿童的家庭基本情况、生活方式等信息,采用χ²检验和二元Logistic回归模型对儿童生活方式和心理行为问题的关联进行统计分析。结果本研究中学龄儿童情绪及行为问题检出率为22.4% (252/1 127),各因子中以思维问题最为突出(14.8%),其次为社交问题(10.6%)。儿童非常挑食(OR＝4.595,95%CI:1.593~13.249,P=0.005)、每天完成家庭作业时间超过3h(OR=3.644,95% CI:1.640~8.096,P=0.001)、每天视屏时间>2h(OR=2.691,95%CI:1.311~5.527,P=0.007)或>3h(OR=3.542,95%CI:1.848~6.789,P<0.001)、从来不做家务(OR=7.477,95%CI:1.372~40.733,P=0.020)是学龄儿童发生情绪及行为问题的危险因素,而偶尔(OR=0.530,95%CI:0.315~0.892,P=0.017)或经常(OR=0.447,95%CI:0.266~0.753,P=0.002)参加体育锻炼、身体不适时选择找卫生员(OR=0.205,95% CI:0.115~0.365,P<0.001)或看医生(OR=0.341,95%CI:0.150~0.772,P=0.010)、婴幼儿时期很少患病(OR=0.435,95%CI:0.219~0.866,P=0.018)、有4个及以上好朋友(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.093~0.783,P=0.016)将有助于降低学龄儿童情绪及行为问题的发生风险。结论学龄儿童情绪及行为问题与其生活方式高度相关,应关注儿童思维和社交问题,提倡科学饮食、积极锻炼、鼓励儿童适当参与家务劳动、减少视屏时间,控制不良生活习惯将有助于其行为问题的改善。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 行为问题, 生活方式

Abstract: Objective To explore the association between lifestyle and psycho-behavioral problems in school-age children,in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention of Children's behavioral problems. Methods Using stratified whole-cluster sampling,1 200 school-age children aged 9 - 13 years in Xi'an were selected for a paper questionnaire survey in May 2023.Their behavioral and emotional problems in the past six months were evaluated using the Youth Self-Report (YSR).Information on basic family situation and lifestyles was collected through self-designed questionnaires on the demographic characteristics of their families and their lifestyles.The correlation between Children's lifestyles and psycho-behavioral problems was explored and validated using the χ²test and binary logistic Logistic regression model. Results The detection rate of psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children in this study was 22.4% (252/1 127).Thinking problems were most prominent among the factors (14.8%),followed by social problems (10.6%).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that picking eating (OR=4.595,95% CI:1.593 - 13.249),doing homework >3h/d (OR=3.644,95%CI:1.640 - 8.096),and screen time >2h/d (OR=2.691,95%CI:1.311 - 5.527) or >3h/d (OR=3.542,95%CI:1.848 - 6.789),and never doing housework (OR=7.477,95%CI:1.372 - 40.733) were risk factors for psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children.Occasional (OR=0.530,95%CI:0.315 - 0.892) or frequent (OR=0.447,95%CI:0.266 - 0.753) participation in physical activity,visiting a healthcare worker (OR=0.205,95%CI:0.115 - 0.365) or a doctor (OR=0.341,95%CI:0.150 - 0.772)in sick,having few illnesses in infancy and early childhood (OR=0.435,95%CI:0.219 - 0.866),and having 4 or more good friends (OR=0.270,95%CI:0.093 - 0.783) reduced the risk of developing psychological and behavioral problems in school-age children. Conclusions Lifestyle of school-age children is closely related to psycho-behavioral problems.Paying attention to Children's thinking and social problems,advocating scientific diet,active exercise,encouraging children to participate in household chores appropriately,reducing video screen time,and controlling undesirable habits will help improve their behavioral problems.

Key words: school-age children, behavioral problems, lifestyle

中图分类号:

R179

李文静, 马倩倩, 陈晨, 李骏, 毋丹丹, 曾令霞. 学龄儿童生活方式对情绪和行为问题的影响[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2024, 32(7): 718-724.

LI Wenjing, MA Qianqian, CHEN Chen, LI Jun, WU Dandan, ZENG Lingxia. Effects of lifestyle behaviors on psychological and behavioral problems among school-age children[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2024, 32(7): 718-724.

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学龄儿童生活方式对情绪和行为问题的影响

Effects of lifestyle behaviors on psychological and behavioral problems among school-age children

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