关键词: 肥胖, 学龄前儿童, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To identify major factors of child obesity in preschool children for providing target factors for intervention. Methods Parents of preschool children,kindergarten teachers and kindergarten principals were chosen through convenience sampling for focus group interview or deep personal interview.Questionnaires were distributed to a total of 400 parents of 2 to 7 year-old children from five kindergartens in Beijing urban and rural areas.Information of qualitative interviews was obtained and summarized with keyword extraction.Overweight or obesity was determined by reference norm for screening obesity in Chinese preschool children [body mass index(BMI)≥the 85^th percentile was defined as overweight or obesity].Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential correlates. Results Overweight and obesity rates were 16.5% and 28.0%,respectively.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis found:1) risk factors:high birth weight (≥4 000 g)(OR=31.55;95%CI:1.78~4.17,P＜0.001),caesarean birth (OR=4.89;95%CI:1.42~16.89,P=0.01),breastfeeding and formula feeding (OR=25.90;95%CI:3.07~218.39,P＜0.001)and rare breastfeeding (OR=11.15;95%CI:1.686~73.7121,P=0.01),compared with exclusive breastfeeding;2) Protective factors:fathers'higher education(OR=0.32;95%CI:0.12~0.89,P=0.03),eating coarse grain frequently (OR=0.43;95%CI:0.21~0,87,P=0.02),and eating at home frequently (OR=0.86;95%CI:0.75~0.98,P=0.02). Conclusions Perinatal factors,family environment,birth and feeding conditions and children's diet and exercise behaviors are correlations of child obesity.With increasingly high incidence of overweight and obesity among Chinese preschool children,early intervention measures should be taken for reducing the incidence and development of overweight and obesity among preschool children.

Key words: obesity, preschooler, correlates