Abstract: Objective To analyze the association between the composition of gut microbiota and blood pressure in children aged 6 - 9 years, in order to provide new ideas for childhood hypertension prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 411 children aged 6 - 9 years were recruited in Guangzhou from December 2015 to March 2017. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing. The multivariate Methods with unbiased variable selection in R (MUVR) were performed to identify the significant OTUs. Spearman correlation as well as multiple linear regression were used to explore the relationship between gut microbiota and blood pressure in children. Results Significant difference in β diversity index was observed between children with normal blood pressure and those with abnormal blood pressure (R²_weighted=0.015,P_weighted=0.01;R²_unweighted=0.027,P_unweighted=0.001). After adjustment for covariates and controlling the false discovery rate (FDR), multiple linear regression analysis showed that blood pressure level in children decreased with the increasing abundance of OTU_3 (genus Blautia), OTU_131 (genus [Clostridium]_innocuum_group), OTU_1776 (genus Blautia), OTU_2159 (genus Prevotella) and OTU_91 (species Bifidobacterium_breve) (β:-0.18 --0.14; P_FDR<0.05. In contrast, blood pressure in children increased with theincreasing abundance of OTU_108(genus Sutterella), OTU_1(species Faecalibacterium_prausnitzii)、OTU_8(genus Roseburia), OTU_48 (genus Lachnoclostridium), OTU_81 (genus Coprococcus), OTU_401 (family Lachnospiraceae), OTU_1284 (family Lachnospiraceae) and OTU_2793 (family Lachnospiraceae)(β: 0.14 - 0.21; P_FDR<0.05. The influence of gut microbiota on systolic pressure and diastolic pressure may be mediated by the increase of body mass index (BMI). Conclusions Pediatric blood pressure level is associated with the composition of gut microbiota, while BMI partially plays a mediating role in the relationship. It is recommended to modulate the abundance of microbiota as genus Blautia, Sutterella and so on to prevent hypertension in children.

Key words: microbiota, blood pressure, children

摘要： 目的 分析6～9岁儿童肠道菌群的构成与血压之间的关系,为儿童高血压的预防与治疗提供新思路。方法 2015年12月—2017年3月在广州招募411名6～9岁儿童,使用16S rRNA基因高通量测序测定肠道菌群,分析Alpha多样性和Beta多样性。利用MUVR算法,通过重复交叉验证分析筛选出与血压相关的OTUs。运用Spearman相关及多重线性回归分析探索儿童肠道菌群构成与血压之间的关系。 结果 血压正常儿童与血压异常儿童肠道菌群的Beta多样性差异有统计学意义(R²_加权＝0.015,P_加权＝0.01;R²_非加权＝0.027,P_非加权=0.001)。经校正多个协变量和错误发现率(FDR)校正的多重线性回归分析结果显示,儿童血压水平随OTU_3(布劳特氏菌属)、OTU_131(无害梭菌属)、OTU_1776(布劳特氏菌属)、OTU_2159(普雷沃式菌属)和OTU_91(短双歧杆菌种)的丰度增加而下降(β:-0.18~-0.14,P_FDR<0.05);相反,儿童血压随OTU_108(萨特氏菌属)、OTU_1(普拉梭菌种)、OTU_8(罗氏菌属)、OTU_48(蓝绿藻菌属)、OTU_81(粪球菌属)、OTU_401(毛螺菌科)、OTU_1284(毛螺菌科)和OTU_2793(毛螺菌科)的丰度增加而升高(β: 0.14~0.21,P_FDR<0.05)。而肠道菌群对收缩压和舒张压的影响可能是通过体质量指数(BMI)的增加来介导的。 结论 儿童血压水平与其肠道菌群的构成有关,BMI在二者关系中起到中介作用。建议调节布劳特氏菌属和萨特氏菌属等菌群来控制儿童高血压,同时加强BMI的健康管理。

关键词: 肠道菌群, 血压, 儿童