【Objective】 To approach the effect according to doing early intervention on different temperament types in preterm infants without brain injury. 【Methods】 There were 49 preterm infants without abnormal birth history as premature group which diagnosed without brain lesion. 48 normal full-term infants were selected as control group. Temperament evaluation was carried out by infant temperament questionnaires. Early education and temperament intervention were undertake for children in group of premature. Then temperament was compared between two groups after 1 year. 【Results】 Children of E and I-E type were increased in preterm infant group after intervention, there was significantly different before and after intervention of temperament types(χ²=3.88,P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 Early education and temperament intervention can promote the temperament development of preterm infants, different rearing should be taken to infants with different temperament characteristics.