Abstract: Objective To analyze the status quo and influencing factors of motor development in 12-month full-term infants, in order to provide guidance for future clinical work. Methods Infants who were followed up in Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected into this study. Data on the sex, gestational age and birth weight of the infants were recorded. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect relevant information for parents, and Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2 (PDMS-2) was used to evaluate motor development level of infants. Results A total of 2 184 cases were obtained, and the detection rate of motor development deviation was 17.3%. Non-first delivery (OR=0.690), taking folic acid as required (OR=0.564) and breastfeeding (OR=0.245) were protective factors of motor development deviation(P<0.05). Girls (OR=2.353), maternal age of delivery≥35 years old (OR=1.582), delivery hospitalclassified as grade B,level 3 or lower(OR=1.452), living in rural areas (OR=2.524), nursing staff as non-parents (OR=2.696), access to development knowledge through network we-media (OR=1.494), education level of the parents below the college level (OR=2.198), the age of nursing staff ＞35 years old (OR=3.181), and the annual income per capita of the family≤100 000 yuan were risk factors for motor development deviation (P＜0.05). Conclusions The motor development level of infants is influenced by many factors, such as living environment and family income. It is necessary to strengthen relevant health education and carry out early intervention measures to reduce the probability of motor development deviation of infants.

Key words: gross motor, fine motor, Peabody Developmental Motor Scale-2, full-term infants

摘要： 目的 分析12月龄足月儿运动发育状况及影响因素,以期为今后临床工作提供指导依据。 方法 选取2022年1月—2024年1月在简阳市妇幼保健院进行儿童保健随访的婴儿作为研究对象,记录婴儿的性别、孕周以及出生体重。对家长使用自制调查问卷,收集相关信息,并使用PDMS-2运动发育量表对其运动发育水平进行测评。结果 共获得2 184例有效数据,婴儿运动发育偏离检出率为17.3%。非首次分娩(OR=0.690)、按要求服用叶酸(OR=0.564)、母乳喂养(OR=0.245)是运动发育偏离的保护因素(P<0.05);女童(OR=2.353)、母亲分娩年龄≥35岁(OR=1.582)、分娩医院等级三乙及以下(OR=1.452)、生活环境为乡村(OR=2.524)、养育人员为非父母(OR=2.696)、发育知识了解途径为网络自媒体(OR=1.494)、养育人员文化程度在专科以下(OR=2.198)、养育人员年龄＞35岁(OR=3.181)、家庭人均年收入≤10万元(OR=1.779)是运动发育偏离的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 婴儿的运动发育水平受生活环境、家庭收入等多种因素的影响,需要加强相关健康教育和开展早期干预措施,降低婴儿出现运动发育偏离的概率。

关键词: 粗大运动, 精细运动, Peabody运动发育量表-2, 足月儿