Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of different feeding patterns on the intellectual development and immune function of infants, so as to provide evidence for scientific feeding of infants. Methods Totally 87 healthy full-term infants born in Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled in this study, and were divided into breast feeding group and artificial feeding group.Serum IgG, IgM and IgA tests were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months of age.Intellectual development was assessed at 6 and 12 months of age. Results At 6 months old, the developmental quotient, the scores of fine movement, language and social behavior of infants in the breastfeeding group were significantly higher than those of the artificial feeding group (t=2.035,3.814, 2.075, 2.229, P<0.001 or ＜0.05).At the age of 12 months old, the developmental quotient, the scores of fine movement and language of infants in the breastfeeding group were significantly higher than those of the artificial feeding group (t=2.062, 2.271, 2.066, P＜0.05).Serum IgG level of infants in the breastfeeding group was significantly higher at 6 months old than that of the artificial feeding group(t=4.920, P＜0.001),but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 3 and 12 months old(t=0.316,0.708, P＞0.05).Serum IgM level of infants in the breastfeeding group was significantly higher at 6 and 12 months old than that of the artificial feeding group (t=2.700, 4.757, P＜0.01), while there was no significant difference between the two groups at 3 months old (t=1.797, P=0.076).Serum IgA level of infants in the breastfeeding group were higher than that of the artificial group at 3, 6 and 12 months old (t=6.441, 6.115, 6.765, P<0.001). Conclusions There are differences in intellectual development and immune function in infants with different feeding patterns.Breastfeeding is beneficial to the intellectual development and immune function of infants, and should be strongly supported and promoted.

Key words: breastfeeding, artificial feeding, infant, intellectual development, immune function

摘要： 目的 探讨不同喂养方式对婴儿智能发育和免疫功能的影响,为婴儿科学喂养提供依据。方法 选取2019年5月-2020年6月于大连市妇幼保健院产科分娩的健康足月儿87例为研究对象,根据喂养方式不同分为母乳喂养组和人工喂养组,分别于3、6、12月龄进行血清IgG、IgM、IgA检测;在6、12月龄时进行智能发育的评估。结果 6月龄时母乳喂养组的发育商明显高于人工喂养组(t=2.035,P=0.045),其中精细动作、语言及社会行为的评分高于人工喂养组(t=3.814、2.075、2.229, P＜0.001或＜0.05)。12月龄时母乳喂养组的发育商明显高于人工喂养组(t=2.062,P=0.042),其中精细动作、语言的评分高于人工喂养组(t=2.271、2.066, P＜0.05)。母乳喂养组婴儿血清中IgG水平在6月龄时明显高于人工喂养组(t=4.920,P＜0.001),在3月龄、12月龄时两组无明显差异(t=0.316、0.708,P>0.05)。母乳喂养组婴儿血清中IgM水平在6月龄和12月龄时明显高于人工喂养组(t=2.700、4.767,P＜0.01),在3月龄时两组无明显差异(t=1.797,P=0.076)。母乳喂养组婴儿血清中IgA水平在3月龄、6月龄及12月龄时均高于人工喂养组(t=6.441、6.115、6.765, P＜0.001)。结论 不同喂养方式的婴儿在智能及免疫功能上有差异,母乳喂养对婴儿的智能及免疫功能有促进作用,应当大力支持及提倡母乳喂养。

关键词: 母乳喂养, 人工喂养, 婴儿, 智能发育, 免疫功能