Abstract: Objective To explore epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of overweight/obesity among preschool children in Shunyi district, and to provide scientific basis of prevention and clinical intervention for obesity in children. Methods A total of 1 238 preschool children aged 3~7 were selected as participants from 5 kindergartens in Shunyi district via clustered-random sampling from September to November 2017. Weight and height of subjects were measured. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate risk factors of obesity in children, and related risk factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results Overweight and obesity rates of preschool children in Shunyi district were 13.3% and 15.2%,respectively.Multivariate Logisitic regression analysis showed that cesarean birth(OR=1.333, 95%CI:1.032~1.722),father overweight/obesity ((OR=1.723, 95%CI:1.293~2.295)), mother overweight/obesity (OR=1.617, 95%CI:1.234~2.119), fast eating (OR=1.403, 95%CI:1.125~1.748) were independent risk factors of overweight/obesity in preschool children. Average outdoor activity time more than 2 hours was protective factor for children overweight/obesity (OR=0.649, 95%CI:0.549~0.771). Conclusion Overweight/obesity in preschool children is caused by multiple factors. Comprehensive prevention and control measures with parents joined should be developed to reduce the incidence of overweight/obesity in preschool children.

Key words: preschool, obesity, risk factors

摘要： 目的 了解北京市顺义区学龄前儿童超重/肥胖的流行特征及其危险因素,为儿童肥胖的预防和临床干预提供科学依据。方法 采取整群分层随机抽样的方式,于2017年9—11月抽取顺义区5所幼儿园共1 238名儿童作为研究对象。采用自行设计的调查问卷方式研究儿童肥胖的危险因素,对相关危险因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 顺义区学龄前儿童超重/肥胖发生率分别为13.3%、15.2%。学龄前儿童超重/肥胖的危险因素包括:剖宫产(OR=1.333,95%CI:1.032~1.722)、父亲超重/肥胖(OR=1.723,95%CI:1.293~2.295)、母亲超重/肥胖(OR=1.617,95%CI:1.234~2.119)、进食速度快(OR=1.403,95%CI:1.125~1.748)。而平均户外活动时间>2 h(OR=0.649,95%CI:0.549~0.771)是儿童超重/肥胖发生的保护因素。结论 学龄前儿童超重/肥胖是诸多因素共同作用的结果,应制定父母参与的综合防治措施,以减少儿童超重/肥胖的发生。

关键词: 学龄前, 肥胖, 危险因素