家庭婴幼儿照护质量评估量表的构建及信效度检验

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2025-0101

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的编制适合我国养育环境、规范且全面的0~3岁家庭婴幼儿照护质量评估工具,检验其信效度,为构建家庭照护质量评估量表相关研究提供科学依据。方法通过文献整理、专家共识,以婴幼儿养育照护框架为依据、《3岁以下婴幼儿健康养育照护指南》为基础,结合婴幼儿自身特点,构建初始评估工具,经过预调查,专家研讨以及小组内部讨论对量表进行修改和调整。量表信度采用内部一致性信度、重测信度、折半信度检验;效度采用内容效度、结构效度检验。结果最终形成包含安全照护、健康照护、营养照护、回应性照护、早期学习5个维度,共54个条目的量表。问卷Cronbach's α系数为0.931,分半信度为0.848,重测信度为0.613;各条目因子载荷均>0.4,各因子与总量表的相关系数在0.604～0.751之间,各因子间相关系数范围基本在0.501～0.715之间,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结构效度拟合指数提示模型拟合良好(χ²/df=4.584、CFI=0.901、GFI=0.912、AGFI=0.901、IFI=0.901、RMSEA=0.035)。结论本研究初步构建的家庭婴幼儿养育照护量表具有良好的信度和效度,适用于家庭婴幼儿养育照护质量的评估。

关键词: 婴幼儿, 家庭婴幼儿照护, 量表, 信度, 效度

Abstract: Objective To develop a culturally appropriate, standardized, and comprehensive assessment tool for evaluating the quality of family-based infant and toddler care (0 - 3 years) in China, and to examine its reliability and validity, in order to provide a scientific foundation for research on family care quality assessment tools. Methods Based on the nurturing care framework and the Guidelines for Healthy Nurturing Care of Children Under 3 Years of Age, an initial assessment tool was constructed through literature review, expert consensus, and consideration of infant and toddler developmental characteristics.The tool was refined through pilot surveys, expert discussions, and internal group revisions.Reliability was assessed using internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and split-half reliability.Validity was examined through content validity and construct validity. Results The final scale consisted of 54 items across five dimensions: safety care, health care, nutrition care, responsive care, and early learning.The questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability, with a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.931, split-half reliability of 0.848, and test-retest reliability of 0.613.All item factor loadings were >0.4, correlations between subscales and the total scale ranged from 0.604 to 0.751, and inter-subscale correlations mostly fell between 0.501 and 0.715 (all P<0.05).Construct validity indices indicated a good model fit (χ²/df=4.584, CFI=0.901, GFI=0.912, AGFI=0.901, IFI=0.901, RMSEA=0.035). Conclusion The family infant and toddler nurturing care scale developed in this study exhibits good reliability and validity and is suitable for assessing the quality of family-based nurturing care of infants and toddlers.

Key words: infants and young children, family infant and toddler care, scale, reliability, validity

中图分类号:

R179

秦成洁, 陈月, 杨柳, 巫慧敏, 金晟娴, 梁燕, 任妍. 家庭婴幼儿照护质量评估量表的构建及信效度检验[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(8): 860-865.

QIN Chengjie, CHEN Yue, YANG Liu, WU Huimin, JIN Shengxian, LIANG Yan, REN yan. Development and evaluation of the Family Infant and Toddler Care Quality Assessment Scale[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(8): 860-865.

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