孕妇产前抑郁患病状况及其对小于胎龄儿的影响

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2022-1045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析孕妇产前抑郁患病情况及其对小于胎龄(SGA)儿发生的影响,为母婴预后良好提供依据。方法纳入2017年6月—2019年6月大兴区人民医院收治的537例孕妇,应用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评价抑郁症状,根据是否合并抑郁分为抑郁组和对照组,比较两组孕妇的一般资料、分娩结局和新生儿体质量、头围、胸围及身长情况,确定抑郁对SGA儿的影响。结果抑郁组孕妇106例,产前患病率为19.74%。抑郁组的EPDS评分显著高于对照组(t=24.234,P<0.001),年龄显著小于对照组(t=2.480,P=0.013 )。抑郁组的新生儿出生胎龄显著小于对照组(t=2.398,P=0.017),新生儿体质量、头围、胸围、身长显著低于对照组(t=4.862、4.775、9.301、10.758,P<0.001),新生儿早产比例和SGA比例显著高于对照组(χ²=4.758、6.803,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示抑郁(OR=1.802,95%CI:1.232~4.793,P=0.016)是SGA发生的独立危险因素。接受者操作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析显示EPDS评分以12为界值预测SGA的曲线下面积为0.757。结论孕妇产前抑郁高发,影响胎儿发育,是SGA发生的独立危险因素。应早期对孕妇进行产前抑郁的筛检,对于有抑郁症状的孕妇,应及时进行心理疏导和干预,促进母婴健康。

关键词: 孕妇, 产前抑郁, 小于胎龄儿

Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence of prenatal depression in pregnant women and its impact on the occurrence of small for gestational age (SGA), in order to provide evidence for the good prognosis of mothers and infants. Methods A total of 537 pregnant women admitted to Daxing District People's Hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were included in the study. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms. According to EPDS result, the participants were divided into depression group and control group. The general information, delivery outcome, newborn weight, head circumference, chest circumference and body lengthwere compared between the two groups, so as to determine the impact of depression on SGA. Results There were 106 pregnant women in the depression group, with a prenatal prevalence rate of 19.74%. The EPDS score of the depression group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=24.234, P＜0.001), and the age was significantly lower than that of the control group (t=2.480, P=0.013). In the depression group, the gestational age of infants was significantly smaller than that of the control group (t=2.398, P=0.017), the weight, head circumference, chest circumference and body length of the newborns were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=4.862, 4.775, 9.301, 10.758, P＜0.001), and the proportions of premature delivery(χ²=4.758) and SGA(χ²=6.803) of the newborns were significantly higher than those of the control group. Logistic regression analysis showed that antenatal depression (OR=1.802, 95%CI:1.232 - 4.793, P=0.016) was an independent risk factor for SGA. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) analysis showed that the area under the curve of SGA predicted by the EPDS score of 12 was 0.757. Conclusions Prenatal depression is highly prevalent in pregnant women, impacts fetal development and is an independent risk factor for SGA. Pregnant women should be screened for antenatal depression at an early stage, and those with depressive symptoms should be offered timely psychological support and intervention to promote maternal and infant health.

Key words: pregnant women, prenatal depression, small for gestational age infant

中图分类号:

R715.3

邢京京. 孕妇产前抑郁患病状况及其对小于胎龄儿的影响[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2023, 31(8): 895-898.

XING Jingjing. Prevalence of prenatal depression in pregnant women and its effect on the occurrence of small for gestational age infants[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2023, 31(8): 895-898.

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