关键词: 社区获得性肺炎, 病原菌, 耐药性, 儿童

Abstract: 【Objective】 To provide reference for the treatment for clinicians during the recent two years investigation of bacterial and antibiotic resistance analysis of hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia(CAP)in some areas of Hanzhong. 【Method】 The sputum bacterial culture, identification and drug sensitive test were made for children with CAP by rench Merieux ATB expression identification and susceptibility meter. 【Results】 Of the 323 strains of bacterial pathogens, 11 kinds of bacterial pathogens were isolated.Gram-positive cocci accounted for 38.4%.Of them were streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) (27.9%) and staphylococcus aureus (SA) (10.5%).Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 61.6%, the predominant isolate was Escherichia coli (E.coli) (24.5%), followed by klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn) (13.9%) and haemophilus influenzae (HI) (8%). SP infection rate was predominant in all age groups of children who were more than 6 months.There was a significant difference in S.pneumonia infection rate between children who were more than 6 moths and less than 6 moths. E.coli infection rate decreased with age.E.coli and K.pn infection rates were significantly different between children who were more than 6 moths and less than 6 moths. The detection rates of K.pneumoniae and E.coli with positive ESBLs were 71.7% and 77.2%,respectively. The resistant rate of HI to ampicillin was 66.7%. While the resistant rate of S.pneumoniae to erythromycin was 98.9%. 【Conclusion】 For a reasonable choice of antibiotic drugs and slowing resistant bacteria producing,it's significant to investegate the bacterial etiology of lower respiratory tract infection , changes in the distribution,and antibiotic resistance in Hanzhong.

Key words: community acquired pneumonia, bacteria, antibiotic resistance, child