基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型的儿童安全座椅干预在0~3岁儿童中的应用研究

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1294

中国儿童保健杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 801-806.DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2024-1294

基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型的儿童安全座椅干预在0~3岁儿童中的应用研究

寇志茹¹, 袁峰², 孙亚茹³, 徐晓函¹, 杨秀玲¹

1.青岛大学护理学院,山东青岛 266000;
2.青岛市城阳区正阳路社区卫生服务中心;
3.青岛大学附属医院

收稿日期:2024-10-27 修回日期:2025-02-06 发布日期:2025-07-24 出版日期:2025-07-10
通讯作者: 杨秀玲,E-mail:ratyxl2003@163.com
作者简介:寇志茹(1999—),女,硕士学位,主要研究方向为儿童意外伤害预防。
基金资助:
山东省教育厅重点研发项目(2017GSF18131)

Application of child safety seats intervention on children aged 0 - 3 years based on information-motivation-behavior skill model

KOU Zhiru¹, YUAN Feng², SUN Yaru³, XU Xiaohan¹, YANG Xiuling¹

1. School of Nursing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China;
2. Qingdao Chengyang District Zhengyang Road Community Health Service Center;
3. Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

Received:2024-10-27 Revised:2025-02-06 Online:2025-07-10 Published:2025-07-24
Contact: YANG Xiuling, E-mail:ratyxl2003@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探究基于信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)模型的儿童安全座椅(CSS)促进项目的效果,为0~3岁儿童CSS干预提供依据。方法选取2024年5—7月青岛市某社区卫生服务中心儿童保健科的110例0~3岁儿童父母为研究对象,随机分为两组,各55例。对照组接受常规儿童健康随访,干预组接受为期4周的基于IMB模型的CSS健康教育。采用广义估计方程模型评估干预效果。结果干预后,干预组对儿童乘车风险感知相关的感知易感性(β=-1.15)、感知严重性(β=-0.91)、自我效能(β=-0.89)、反应效能(β=-0.74)及类型选择认知(β=-1.28)水平较对照组提高(P＜0.05);干预组乘车安全认知(β=-2.10)、使用动机(β=-1.48)、自我效能(β=-1.42)和客观技能(β=-0.88)水平较对照组提高(P＜0.05),座椅更换认知差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预组儿童危险乘车行为中怀抱儿童(OR=0.34)和儿童单独使用安全带(OR=0.44)频次较对照组降低(P＜0.05),儿童乘坐副驾驶频次差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);干预后干预组CSS配备率(OR=2.89)和CSS使用率(OR=3.48)较对照组提高(P＜0.05)。结论基于IMB模型的CSS干预可以提高父母的儿童乘车风险感知和CSS认知水平,减少危险乘车行为,增加CSS的配备和使用。

关键词: 父母, 儿童安全座椅, 信息-动机-行为技巧模型

Abstract: Objective To explore the effectiveness of a child safety seat (CSS) promotion program based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model, in order to provide evidence for CSS interventions targeting children aged 0 - 3 years. Methods A total of 110 parents of children aged 0 - 3 years were recruited from the child health clinic of a community health service center in Qingdao from May to July 2024, and were randomly divided into two groups, with 55 participants in each group.The control group received routine child health follow-up, while the intervention group underwent a 4-week IMB model-based CSS health education program.A generalized estimating equation model was used to assess the intervention effects. Results After the intervention, the intervention group showed significant improvements compared to the control group in risk perception-related constructs, including perceived susceptibility (β=-1.15), perceived severity (β=-0.91), self-efficacy (β=-0.89), response efficacy (β =-0.74), and knowledge of CSS type selection (β=-1.28) (P<0.05).Additionally, the intervention group demonstrated higher levels of CSS safety knowledge (β=-2.10), usage motivation (β =-1.48), self-efficacy (β=-1.42), and Objective skills (β=-0.88) (P<0.05), though no significant difference was observed in knowledge about seat replacement (P>0.05).The frequency of risky child passenger behaviors, such as holding a child in arms (OR=0.34) and using a seat belt alone for the child (OR=0.44), decreased significantly in the intervention group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found in the frequency of children sitting in the front passenger seat (P>0.05).After intervention, the CSS ownership rate (OR=2.89) and usage rate (OR=3.48) were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The IMB model-based CSS intervention can enhance parents′ risk perception and CSS knowledge, reduce risky child passenger behaviors, and increase CSS ownership and usage.

Key words: parents, child safety seats, information-motivation-behavioral skills model

中图分类号:

R179

寇志茹, 袁峰, 孙亚茹, 徐晓函, 杨秀玲. 基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型的儿童安全座椅干预在0~3岁儿童中的应用研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2025, 33(7): 801-806.

KOU Zhiru, YUAN Feng, SUN Yaru, XU Xiaohan, YANG Xiuling. Application of child safety seats intervention on children aged 0 - 3 years based on information-motivation-behavior skill model[J]. Chinese Journal of Child Health Care, 2025, 33(7): 801-806.

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基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型的儿童安全座椅干预在0~3岁儿童中的应用研究

Application of child safety seats intervention on children aged 0 - 3 years based on information-motivation-behavior skill model

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