摘要
锌是人体必需微量元素之一,具有重要的生理作用。缺锌可致婴幼儿食欲减退、生长迟缓、智力下降和免疫机能低下等。因此,儿童锌缺乏倍受关注,但目前尚无评价机体锌营养状况较好的指标。如何评价儿童锌营养状态,找出诊断儿童早期锌缺乏较为敏感的指标,是目前争议较大而亟待解决的问题。国内外学者对不同的锌相关指标作了大量研究,但始终未得出较为一致的结论。本文从常用于评价人体锌营养状况的指标:组织含锌量、含锌酶的活性、与锌相关指标等几方面对临床早期锌缺乏筛查及疗效判断指标的研究进行综述。提出一些将来可能成为儿童锌缺乏早期筛查的可行性指标。
关键词
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参考文献
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[13] Tural E,Meral C,Suleymanoglu S,et al.Renal zinc clearance/glomerular filtration rate ratio as an indicator of marginal zinc deficiency associated with iron deficiency in childhood[J].J Am Coll Nutr,2010,29(2):107-112.
[14] Henkin RI,Potolicchio SJ,Levy LM,et al.Carbonic anhydrase I,II,and VI,blood plasma,erythrocyte and saliva zinc and copper increase after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation[J].Am J Med Sci,2010,339(3):249-257.
[15] Heckmann SM,Hujoel P,Habiger S,et al.Zinc gluconate in the treatment of dysgeusia:a randomized clinical trial[J].J Dent Res,2005,84(1):35-38.
[16] Hamano H,Yoshinaga K,Tanaka T,et al.Polaprezinc,a zinc compound,is distributed to the lingual epithelium and increases its zinc concentration in zinc-deficient rats[J].Life Sci,2009,85(21-22):759-764.
[17] Sullivan VK,Cousins RJ.Competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction shows that dietary zinc supplementation in humans increases monocyte metallothionein mRNA levels[J].J Nutr,1997,127(5):694-698.
[2] Moran VH,Stammers AL,Medina MW,et al.The relationship between zinc intake and serum/plasma zinc concentration in children:a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis[J].Nutrients,2012,4(8):841-858.
[3] Gibson RS,Hess SY,Hotz C,et al.Indicators of zinc status at the population level:a review of the evidence[J].Br J Nutr,2008,99(S3):14-23.
[4] Lowe NM,Woodhouse LR,Sutherland B,et al.Kinetic.parameters and plasma zinc concentrations correlated well with net loss and gain of zinc from men[J].J Nutr,2004,134(9):2178-2181.
[5] IZiNCG (International Zinc Nutrition Collaborative Group).Assessing population zinc status with serum zinc concentration[R].2007,IZiNCG Technical Brief No.02.
[6] De Benoist B,Darnton-Hill I,Davidsson L,et al.Conclusions of the Joint WHO/UNICEF/IAEA/IZiNCG interagency meeting on zinc status indicators[J].Food Nutr Bull,2007,28(S3):480-484.
[7] Miller LV,Hambidge KM,Naake VL,et al.Size of the zinc pools that exchange rapidly with plasma zinc in humans:alternative techniques for measuring and relation to dietary zinc intake[J].J Nutr,1994,124(2):268-276.
[8] Feillet-Coudray C,Meunier N,Rambeau M,et al.Long-term moderate zinc supplementation increases exchangeable zinc pool masses in latemiddle- aged men:the Zenith study[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2005,82(1):103-110.
[9] King JC.Zinc:an essential but elusive nutrient[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2011,94(2S):679-684.
[10] 倪亚明.微量元素与营养健康[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2009:35-38.
[11] Hininger-Favier I,Andriollo-Sanchez M,Arnaud J,et al.Age- and sex-dependent effects of long-term zinc supplementation on essential trace element status and lipid metabolism in European subjects:the Zenith study[J].Br J Nutr,2007,97(3):569-578.
[12] 陈宁,张珊梅,胡云英.婴幼儿尿锌/尿肌肝比值与锌营养状况关系的临床研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2006,14(3):314-315.
[13] Tural E,Meral C,Suleymanoglu S,et al.Renal zinc clearance/glomerular filtration rate ratio as an indicator of marginal zinc deficiency associated with iron deficiency in childhood[J].J Am Coll Nutr,2010,29(2):107-112.
[14] Henkin RI,Potolicchio SJ,Levy LM,et al.Carbonic anhydrase I,II,and VI,blood plasma,erythrocyte and saliva zinc and copper increase after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation[J].Am J Med Sci,2010,339(3):249-257.
[15] Heckmann SM,Hujoel P,Habiger S,et al.Zinc gluconate in the treatment of dysgeusia:a randomized clinical trial[J].J Dent Res,2005,84(1):35-38.
[16] Hamano H,Yoshinaga K,Tanaka T,et al.Polaprezinc,a zinc compound,is distributed to the lingual epithelium and increases its zinc concentration in zinc-deficient rats[J].Life Sci,2009,85(21-22):759-764.
[17] Sullivan VK,Cousins RJ.Competitive reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction shows that dietary zinc supplementation in humans increases monocyte metallothionein mRNA levels[J].J Nutr,1997,127(5):694-698.
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