关于孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)“神经多样性”范式的提法成为新焦点,并影响到人们对ASD的重新认识。该观点反映ASD是一种差异,而非疾病或残疾;ASD既有自身优势,也有劣势或不足,但不提倡通过干预去“治愈”他们为目标。并强调,对ASD的定性与界定不应仅限于医学模式,更需要建构与之相适的社会模式。本文对相关研究进展和主要观点进行概述和简略评价,旨在为重新认识ASD提供一些借鉴。
Abstract
The neurodiversity paradigm has emerged as a focal point in the understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), leading to a re-conceptualization of ASD. This perspective indicates that ASD is a variation rather than a disease or disability. ASD possesses inherent strengths alongside weaknesses or deficits; however, it does not align with the objective of "curing" them through intervention. It is also emphasized that the characterization and definition of ASD should not be confined solely to the medical model but necessitates the development of a suitable social model. This article provides an overview and a concise evaluation of the advancements and key concepts in the pertinent research, with the goal of contributing insights for the re-conceptualization of ASD.
关键词
神经多样性 /
孤独症谱系障碍 /
残疾
Key words
neurodiversity /
autism spectrum disorder /
disability
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基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(20&ZD296)
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