目的 了解长沙市中学生高血压流行现状,为进一步制定预防青少年高血压干预措施提供科学依据。方法 采取分层整群抽样方法,对长沙市6区24所中学的16 843名年龄在13~18岁的中学生进行血压测量,用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析,两组计量资料的比较采用t检验,各组率间的比较采用χ2检验。结果 本次调查的16 843名中学生中,平均收缩压为(103.90±10.42) mmHg,平均舒张压为(66.83±6.68) mmHg。相同年龄青少年,男生平均收缩压和舒张压均高于女生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。高血压前期和高血压检出率随着年龄增长呈现增加趋势。男生高血压前期和高血压检出率分别为10.34%(843/8 149)和15.35%(1 251/8 149),女生高血压前期和高血压检出率分别为3.45%(300/8 694)和5.16%(449/8 694)。同年龄不同性别高血压严重程度分布均存在差异,有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 长沙市13~18岁青少年高血压检出率较高,有必要将高血压前期和高血压青少年作为一级预防重点对象,采取有效综合干预措施来降低高血压的发病率。
Abstract
Objective To know the current prevalence of hypertension of adolescents between 13 and 18 years old in Changsha city and provide the scientific basis for prevention measures in childhood hypertension. Methods Cross-sectional analyses of a represent sample (n=16 843) in Chinese children and adolescents from 13 to 18 years old were derived from 12 middle schools and 12 high schools by a cluster sampling method.The blood pressure was measured in elected students.The data were analysed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software. Results The mean of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was (103.90±10.42) mmHg,and the mean of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was (66.83±6.68) mmHg in 16 843 elected students.In same age group,the mean of SBP and DBP in male was higher than in female students,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The detection rates of prehypertension (PHTN) and hypertension (HTN) were increased with the growth of age from 13 to 18 years old.The detection rates of prehypertension and hypertension were as 10.34%(843/8 149) and 15.35% (1251/8 149)in male students respectively,while they were as 5.16%(449/8 694) and 3.45%(300/8 694) in female students respectively.In same age,the distribution of different degree of childhood hypertension was statistically significant in different genders (P<0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of childhood hypertension is high in 13 to 18 years old adolescents in Changsha city.Therefore,the prehypertension and hypertension are adopted as primary prevention strategy to reduce the prevalence of hypertension in adolescents in China.
关键词
高血压 /
高血压前期 /
检出率 /
13~18岁青少年
Key words
hypertension /
prehypertension /
detection rate /
13~18 years old adolescents
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