目的 了解上海静安区学龄前儿童超重、肥胖及高血压的流行现状,为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法 以参加2017年上海静安区幼儿园体检的3 608名3~7岁学龄前儿童为研究对象,按照世界卫生组织儿童生长发育标准和中国儿童青少年血压参考标准进行超重肥胖和高血压的调查,采用SPSS 24.0进行统计学分析。结果 上海市静安区3~7岁学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的总检出率分别为9.3%和9.2%,男童肥胖检出率高于女童,6~7岁儿童超重及肥胖检出率高于其余年龄组(P＜0.05),而超重检出率的性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。高血压的总检出率为1.5%,男童高于女童,肥胖儿童高血压检出率显著高于超重及非超重肥胖儿童(P＜0.001),而高血压检出率的年龄差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 上海市静安区学龄前儿童超重、肥胖检出率较高,相关慢性病的预防应早在学龄前期进行。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight,obesity and hypertension among preschool children in Jing′an district of Shanghai,in order to provide evidence for relevant intervention measures. Methods A total of 3 608 preschool children aged 3~7 who took physical examination in kindergartens in Shanghai Jing ′an district in 2017 were selected as participants in this study.Data were analyzed by SPSS 24.0 with the reference of World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards and blood pressure reference standard of children and adolescent in China. Results The overweight and obesity detection rate of 3 to 7-year-old preschool children in Shanghai Jing ′an district was 9.3% and 9.2%,respectively.The obesity rate of boys was higher than that of girls,and the rates of overweight and obesity of 6 to 7-year-old children was significantly higher than those in other age groups (P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences on the detection rate of overweight between boys and girls(P＞0.05).The overall rate of hypertension was 1.5%,which was significantly higher in boys and obese children than that in girls and children with overweight and normal weight (P< 0.001).But the differences on hypertension detection rates among different age groups were not significant (P＞0.05). Conclusion The rate of overweight,obesity among preschool children in Jing′an district of Shanghai is quite high,prevention of related chronic diseases should be carried out early in preschool children