Objective To explore the effects of attachment relationship and intelligence development of infants. Methods A total of 56 infants and young children were selected at 3 months and intelligent assessment showed no significant difference (P>0.05).The children's mothers were surveyed with attachment relationship questionnaire when children aged 12 months.The intelligent evaluation of infants were evaluated by 0~6 Years Old Children Mental Development Scale. Results The secure attachment was 37 people, accounting for 66.1%, unsafe type was 19 people, accounting for 33.9%, among them anxious-avoidant 8 people, accounted for 14.3%, anxious-ambivalent 11 people, accounting for 19.6% intelligence score (DQ) of safety attachment (n=37) was 99.56±9.03, DQ of insecure attachment (n=19) was 92.85±8.26, there was significant difference between the two groups (t=2.350, P<0.05). Conclusion The secure attachment can make intelligent potential infants get sufficient play, there is conducive to the development of infant intelligence.