Objective To study the features of left ventricular structure and function in children and adolescent with essential hypertension (EH). Method Cardiac structural parameters and function were measured in 37 EH children with echocardiography (EH group) and 42 healthy children were studied as controls. Results Compared with control group, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), interventricular septum end-diastolic thickness (IVST), left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were all significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05).While ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (FS) were significantly lower in EH group compared with control group (P<0.05).Descending E peak in end diastole was lower in the EH group, but with no statistical significance (P>0.05).In EH group, peak in end diastole was enhanced (P<0.05), and E/A ratio was significantly lower(P<0.05).Some of the patients were found to develop left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion In children with EH, the heart as a target organ had developed some degree of structural and functional changes.
Key words
essential hypertension /
echocardiography /
left ventricular structure /
left ventricular function /
children
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
References
[1] Din-Dzietham R, Liu Y, Bielo MV, et al.High blood pressure trends in children and adolescents in national surveys, 1963 to 2002[J].Circulation, 2007, 116(13):1488-1496.
[2] Chen X, Wang Y.Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood:a systematic review and meta-regression analysis[J].Circulation, 2008, 117(25):3171-3180.
[3] 米杰, 王天有, 孟玲慧, 等.中国儿童青少年血压评价标准[J].中国儿童保健杂志, 2010, 18(6):534-536.
[4] Devereux RB, Alonso DR, Lutas EM, et al.Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy:comparison to necropsy findings[J].Am J Cardiol, 1986, 57(6):450-458.
[5] Tammy M, Brady MD, Barbara F, et al.Ability of blood pressure to predict left ventricular hypertrophy in children with primary hypertension[J].J Pediatr, 2008, 152(1):73-78.
[6] Hanevold C, Waller J, Daniels S, et al.The effects of obesity, gender, and ethnic group on left ventricular hypertrophy and geometry in hypertensive children:a collaborative study of the international pediatric hypertension association[J].Pediatrics, 2004, 113(2):328-333.
[7] Xi B, Liang YJ, Mi J.Hypertension trends in chinese children in the national surveys, 1993 to 2009[J].International Journal of Cardiology, 2013, 165(3):577-579.
[8] Feber J, Ahmed M.Hypertension in children:new trends and challenges[J].Clin Sci(Lond), 2010, 119(4):151-161.
[9] Stabouli S, Kotsis V, Rizos Z, et al.Left ventricular mass in normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive children and adolescents[J].Pediatr Nephrol, 2009, 24(8):1545-1551.
[10] De Simone G, Verdecchia P, Pede S, et al.Prognosis of inappropriate left ventric-ular mass in hypertension:the MAVI study[J].Hypertension, 2002, 40(4):470-476.
[11] Agu N, Bell C, Poffenbarger T, et al.Detection of early diastolic dysfunction by tissue doppler in children with childhood-onset essential hypertension[J].Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2012, 59(13s1):e1636-1636.
[12] 王自力, 谢良地.左心室心肌质量的测定(续二)[J].中华高血压杂志, 2008, 16(5):464-466.
PDF(528 KB)
