Objective To investigate the present status and the possible influencing factors of myopia in Baotou primary school pupils,and provide basic data for working out health care policies. Method Logistic regression model was uesd to screen the possible influencing factors of myopia. Results The incidence of myopia in Baotou primary school pupils was 24.86% with 23.07% in boys and 26.71% in girls.Eleven factors were found to be significantly associated with myopia by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions The investigation suggests that the incidence of myopia in Baotou primary school pupils has reached a higher level.Whether at home or at school,there are many problems in their visual environments.Workable measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of myopia in the primary school pupils.