Objective To investigate the status quo of social adaption of left-behind students and the correlation to resilience. Method A total of 267 left-home-kids and 644 non-left-home-kids were investigated with resilience scale and social adaptation scale. Results There were significant differences in the score of social adaptation's four factors between left-home-kids and non-left-home-kids.There were significant differences in campus adaption between boys and girls(P<0.05).And there were also significant differences in learning adaption between senior high school and junior school left-home-kids(P<0.05).Social adaption of left-home-kids were correlated with their resilience (Pearson correlation coefficient was between 0.030 and 0.411 for each pair). Conclusions There were internal consistency between resilience and good social adaption of left-home-kids.In order to strengthen the capacity of social adaptation needs to improve their resilience.