Objective To examine mother parenting stress and associated factors in a sample of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Method In this cross-sectional study,mothers (n=150) were asked to complete a questionnaire which included the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF),Anxiety Scale (SAS),the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS ),the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC),self-made children and families questionnaire. Results Different depression and anxiety level of children's mother were different in the parenting total stress and the three dimensions' scores(P<0.05).Except parenting distress dimension,different ABC scores group had differences in the parenting total stress score and the other two dimensions' scores(P<0.05).Except difficult children dimension,the other dimension and the total pressure and actively respond had negative correlations(P<0.05).Except the parent-child dysfunctional interaction dimension,other dimensions and the total pressure was positively correlated with negative coping(P<0.05).Friend support,other support were negatively correlated with the parent-child dysfunctional interaction.Total social support was negatively correlate with parenting distress(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that parenting pressure on mother with ASD children was significantly associated with ASD severity,self-anxiety and depression,as well as government support. Conclusions Mother's parenting stress is affected by many factors.It is important way to decrease the mother stress by improving the level of ASD rehabilitation services,improving children symptoms and parents psychological state and giving more government and social support.