Objective To investigate the occurrence condition and characteristics of children's behavior problems,and to study the influencing factors about childen's behavior problems. Method By using the Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist standardized in China(for parents),self-made children's mental health questionnaire,1 800 children aged 4~16 years old in Chancheng,Nanhai,Shunde district of Foshan city were surveyed. Results The prevalence of behavior problems of children was 11.8%.The difference of the prevalence of behavior problems between sexes was not significant.The difference of the prevalence of behavior problems among different regions were not significant.The main factors affecting behavior problem in children were education of parents,family breeding method,relations between parents,community environment. Conclusion Comprehensive measures should be adopted to reduce the prevalence of behavior problems.