Objective To approach effects of different parenteral nutrition strategies on growth and development of premature infants. Methods A total of 168 premature infants were divided into two groups randomly.The infants in the treat group were given early and sufficient parenteral nutrition (PN),and those in the control group were given traditional PN.The body weight,hospital day and extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) were recorded as well as blood glucose,blood electrolytes,blood lipid,bilirubin,bile acid,hepatic function and renal function. Results Compared to the control group,daily growth increments of body weight were significantly enhanced in the treat group,and the infants' body weight in the treat group recovered much more quickly than that in the control group.Besides,the length of hospital stay and the rate of EUGR were decreased in the treat group.The incidences of blood potassium,sodium and chloride disorder,and hypoglycemia in the control group were higher than those in the treat group,but the incidences of hyperglycemia and hypocalcemia in the treat group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).The levels of serum preprotein,albumin,globulin,blood lipid and blood urea nitrogen levels in the treat group were higher than those in the control group.There were no significant differences in the levels of bilirubin,bile acid and hepatic function between two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Early and certain PN could promote growth and development of premature infants which may provide a safe strategy in PN of premature infants.